Applied Chemistry for Engineering, Vol.33, No.3, 302-308, June, 2022
PdO 나노입자를 이용한 니트라민 폭발물 분해반응에 대한 1H NMR 반응속도연구
1H NMR Kinetic Studies for Degradation of Nitramine Explosives Using PdO Nanoparticle
E-mail:
초록
사격장 피탄지에 잔류되는 고폭화약으로 인한 환경오염 문제를 해결하기 위해 표면적이 큰 나노입자를 사용한 분해 반응을 연구하였다. 수질오염을 가상하여 물에 용해시킨 research department explosive (RDX)와 high melting explosive (HMX) 니트라민 폭발물에 PdO를 첨가하여 313 K에서 분해반응시켰다. 폭발물의 분해반응속도를 측정하기 위해 반응 초기부터 종료시까지 시료 손실없이 반응속도를 측정할 수 있고 스펙트럼을 통하여 반응의 진행 정도를 관찰 가능한 1H NMR을 사용하였다. NMR 피크의 chemical shift 및 peak intensity 분석으로 유사 1차 분해반응이 일어남을 확인하였 으며, 측정된 RDX와 HMX의 분해반응 속도상수는 각각 2.10 × 10-2과 6.35 × 10-4 h-1이었다. 본 연구로부터 산화금속 PdO 나노입자는 니트라민 폭발물 분해반응연구에 적용 가능함을 확인하였다.ㅊ
The PdO nanoparticle with large surface area was selected to solve the environmental pollution problem at fire range caused by high energy explosives research department explosive (RDX) and high melting explosive (HMX). By simulating water pollution, RDX and HMX nitramine explosives were dissolved in water, followed by the degradation reaction at 313 K by adding PdO. In order to measure the degradation reaction rate of explosives, 1H NMR was used, which can monitor the reaction rate without losing sample during reaction, and observe the progress of the reaction through the spectrum. The results showed that the degradation of RDX and HMX by PdO nanoparticles are pseudo-first order reaction. The degradation of explosives compounds were observed via the chemical shift and peak intensity analysis of NMR peaks. The measured rate constants for these reactions of RDX and HMX were 2.10 × 10-2 and 6.35 × 10-4 h-1, respectively. This study showed that the application of PdO nanoparticles for explosives degradation is a feasible option.
- Bachmann WE, Sheehan JC, J. Am. Chem. Soc. , 71, 1842 (1949)
- Matys Z, Powała D, Orzechowski A, Maranda A, CHEMIK , 66, 58 (2012)
- Kim SH, Appl. Chem. Eng. , 23, 352 (2012)
- Balakrishnan VK, Monteil-Rivera F, Gautier MA, Hawari J, J. Environ. Qual. , 33, 1362 (2004)
- Card RE Jr, Autenrieth R, Treatment of HMX and RDX contamination, 9-10, ANRCP-1998-2, Amarillo National Resource Center for Plutonium, Amarillo, Texas (1998).
- Kalderis D, Juhasz AL, Boopathy R, Comfort S, Pure Appl. Chem. , 83, 1407 (2011)
- Urbanski T, Chemistry and Technology of Explosives, Vol. 3, 77-78, Pergamon Press, Oxford (1967).
- R. M. X. Hesselmann and M. K. Stenstrom, Treatment concept for RDX-containing waste waters using activated carbon with offline solvent biological regeneration, School of Engineering and Applied Science Report Eng. 94-23, 2-5, University of California, Los Angeles (1994).
- Fiala ES, Cancer , 40, 2436 (1977)
- McLellan WL, Hartley WR, Brower ME, Health advisory for hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX), PB90-273533, US Army Medical Research and Development Command, Fort Detrick, Maryland (1988).
- McLellan WL, Hartley WR, Brower ME, Health advisory for octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX), PB90-273525, US Army Medical Research and Development Command, Fort Detrick, Maryland (1988).
- Etnier E, Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. , 9, 147 (1989)
- Etnier EL, Hartley WR, Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. , 11, 118 (1990)
- Aalto J, Management of the groundwater contaminated by military explosives, Master of Science Thesis, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Finland (2016).
- Mahbub P, Nesterenko PN, RSC Adv. , 6, 77603 (2016)
- Balakrishnan VK, Halasz A, Hawari J, Environ. Sci. Technol. , 37, 1838 (2003)
- Heilmann HM, Wiesmann U, Stenstrom MK, Environ. Sci. Technol. , 30, 1485 (1996)
- Vidali M, Pure Appl. Chem. , 73, 1163 (2001)
- Bernstein A, Ronen Z, Biodegradation of the Explosives TNT, RDX and HMX. In: Singh S, eds. Microbial Degradation of Xenobiotics, 135-176, Environmental Science and Engineering, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg (2012).
- McCormick NG, Cornell JH, Kaplan HS, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. , 42, 817 (1981)
- Hawari J, Halasz A, Sheremata T, Beaudet S, Groom C, Paquet L, Rhofir C, Ampleman G, Thiboutot S, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. , 66, 2652 (2000)
- Hawari J, Halasz A, Groom C, Deschamps S, Paquet L, Beaulieu C, Corriveau A, Environ. Sci. Technol. , 36, 5117 (2002)
- Hawari J, Halasz A, Beaudet S, Paquet L, Ampleman G, Thiboutot S, Environ. Sci. Technol. , 35, 70 (2001)
- Fournier D, Halasz A, Spain J, Fiurasek P, Hawari J, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. , 68, 166 (2002)
- Jackson RG, Rylott EL, Fournier D, Hawari J, Bruce NC, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. , 104, 16822 (2007)
- Halasz A, Manno D, Strand SE, Bruce NC, Hawari J, Environ. Sci. Technol. , 44, 9330 (2010)
- Fuller ME, Perreault N, Hawari J, Lett. Appl. Microbiol. , 51, 313 (2010)
- Ayoub K, van Hullebusch ED, Cassir M, Bermond A, J. Hazard. Mater. , 178, 10 (2010)
- Lapointe MC, Martel R, Cassidy DP, Environ. Res. , 188, 109836 (2020)
- Liou MJ, Lu MC, Chen JN, Water Res. , 37, 3172 (2003)
- Gregory KB, Larese-Casanova P, Parkin GF, Scherer MM, Environ. Sci. Technol. , 38, 1408 (2004)
- Monteil-Rivera F, Paquet L, Halasz A, Montgomery MT, Hawari J, Environ. Sci. Technol. , 39, 9725 (2005)
- Muniz-Miranda M, Zoppi A, Muniz-Miranda F, Calisi N, Coatings , 10, 207 (2020)
- Lee HH, Jang DH, Hong SC, Appl. Chem. Eng. , 23, 253 (2012)
- Moon SH, Lee WJ, Lee KY, Appl. Chem. Eng. , 33, 1 (2022)
- Didillon B, Merlen E, Pagès T, Uzio D, Stud. Surf. Sci. Catal. , 118, 41 (1998)
- Brunauer S, Emmett PH, Teller E, J. Am. Chem. Soc. , 60, 309 (1938)
- Hwang TL, Shaka AJ, J. Magn. Reson. Series A , 112, 275 (1995)
- Fulmer GR, Miller AJM, Sherden NH, Gottlieb HE, Nudelman A, Stoltz BM, Bercaw JE, Goldberg KI, Organometallics , 29, 2176 (2010)
- Szala M, Szymańczyk L, Cent. Eur. J. Energ. Mater. , 11, 129 (2014)
- Preiß A, Levsen K, Humpfer E, Spraul M, Fresenius J. Anal. Chem. , 356, 445 (1996)
- Godejohann M, Heintz L, Daolio C, Berset J, Muff D, Environ. Sci. Technol. , 43, 7055 (2009)
- Berregi I, del Campo G, Caracena R, Miranda JI, Talanta , 72, 1049 (2007)
