This page covers the different machine series options that you can choose for your Cloud SQL instance, and the configurations, storage options, and limitations for each option.
Cloud SQL offers different machine series options to choose from when setting up your instance that depend on your instance's Cloud SQL edition. A machine series is a curated set of processor and hardware configurations optimized for specific Cloud SQL workloads. These machine series options let you tailor vCPU and memory for your instance, and optimize performance for different demands. The machine series you select also determines the storage option available for your Cloud SQL instance.
Each machine series offers multiple machine types. When you create an instance,
you select a machine type from the machine series you want to use, which defines
the resource and storage option available for your instance. For example, if you
select the db-perf-optimized-N-2
machine type, which is part of the N2
machine series, then the storage option available to your instance is SSD
.
Machine series supported by Cloud SQL
The following table provides an overview of the machine series options supported by Cloud SQL based your instance's Cloud SQL edition and the storage options available for each machine series:
Machine series availability for Cloud SQL Enterprise Plus edition instances
For Cloud SQL Enterprise Plus edition instances, you can choose one of the following machine series:
- N2 : this machine series provides a balanced price-to-performance ratio for a variety of Cloud SQL workloads.
- C4A (Preview): this machine series provides optimized price-performance and delivers predictable high performance for high demand Cloud SQL workloads.
For Cloud SQL Enterprise Plus edition instances, each machine series offers predefined machine types with preset memory and vCPUs for your instances. Availability is dependent on your instance's Cloud SQL edition, region, and database version.
N2 machine series
N2 machine series provides a balanced price-performance for a wide variety of database workloads, with a memory-to-compute ratio of 1 vCPU:8GB RAM. N2 machine series uses the Performance Persistent Disk (PD-SSD) storage option. For more information about storage types, see Cloud SQL storage options overview .
N2 machine types
This following machine types are available for instances for the N2 machine series:
| Machine type | vCPUs | Memory (GB) | Optional Data Cache (GB) |
|---|---|---|---|
db-perf-optimized-N-2
|
2 | 16 | 375 |
db-perf-optimized-N-4
|
4 | 32 | 375 |
db-perf-optimized-N-8
|
8 | 64 | 375 |
db-perf-optimized-N-16
|
16 | 128 | 750 |
db-perf-optimized-N-32
|
32 | 256 | 1,500 |
db-perf-optimized-N-48
|
48 | 384 | 3,000 |
db-perf-optimized-N-64
|
64 | 512 | 6,000 |
db-perf-optimized-N-80
|
80 | 640 | 6,000 |
db-perf-optimized-N-96
|
96 | 728 | 6,000 |
db-perf-optimized-N-128
|
128 | 864 | 6,000 |
C4A machine series
The C4A machine series provides high performance for a variety of performance sensitive database workloads.
C4A uses the Hyperdisk Balanced storage option, which is a Google Cloud Hyperdisk offering. Google Cloud Hyperdisk is the newest generation of network block storage service in Google Cloud. For more information about storage types, see Cloud SQL storage options overview .
C4A machine series offers predefined machine types that are dependent on your instance's region and configuration. Your Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL Enterprise Plus edition instance must be PostgreSQL version 13 and later to select a C4A machine series.
For more information on which regions are supported, see Cloud SQL Enterprise Plus edition region support .
C4A machine types
The following table shows predefined machine types that are available for the C4A machine series with optional Data Cache:
| Machine type | vCPUs | Memory (GB) | Optional Data Cache (GB) |
|---|---|---|---|
db-c4a-highmem-2
|
2 | 16 | Not available |
db-c4a-highmem-4
|
4 | 32 | 375 |
db-c4a-highmem-8
|
8 | 64 | 750 |
db-c4a-highmem-16
|
16 | 128 | 1,500 |
db-c4a-highmem-32
|
32 | 256 | 2,250 |
db-c4a-highmem-48
|
48 | 384 | 3,750 |
db-c4a-highmem-64
|
64 | 512 | 5,250 |
db-c4a-highmem-72
|
72 | 576 | 6,000 |
C4A machine series limitations
Consider the following limitations when choosing the C4A machine series for your Cloud SQL Enterprise Plus edition instance:
- Upgrading and downgrading your instance's Cloud SQL edition isn't supported.
- You can't change your instance's machine series after instance creation.
- You can't restore an instance to an instance with a different machine series. The machine series for the restored instance must match the new instance.
- Your instance's replicas must be the same machine series as the instance.
- Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL version 12 isn't supported with the C4A machine series.
Machine series availability for Cloud SQL Enterprise edition instances
For Cloud SQL Enterprise edition instances, Cloud SQL offers shared core or dedicated core machine series. Shared core offers machine types with predefined CPUs (cores) and amount of memory for your instances.
Dedicated cores are custom instance configurations that let you select the amount of memory and CPUs that your instance needs. This flexibility lets you choose the appropriate VM shape for your workload.
Custom machine type names use the following format: db-custom-{CPUs}-{Memory}
.
When you select the number of CPUs and amount of memory, there are some
restrictions on the configurations that you can choose:
- vCPUs must be either 1 or an even number between 2 and 96.
- Memory must be:
- 0.9 to 6.5 GB per vCPU
- A multiple of 256 MB
- At least 3.75 GB (3840 MB)
Pricing
The machine series you select affects the cost of your instance. For more information, see Instance pricing . You can also use the pricing calculator to see pricing for various scenarios.
