Modern network for AI-era applications and workloads

The Google global network is engineered to deliver planet-scale connectivity that powers billions of users worldwide every day. Built on decades of innovations and state-of-the-art fiber optics, our global network ensures you can stream, run critical applications, and train next-generation AI models with industry-leading performance and reliability. With massive bandwidth, extensive peering, and multi-layer security, we provide the performance and security your business demands.

  • Unmatched speed, security, and predictability with 7.75 million kilometers of terrestrial and subsea fiber
  • Global reach in over 200 countries and territories
  • 7X bandwidth increase from 2020 to 2025 to meet all your AI and data needs
  • Optimal end-user experience & reliability at the edge with 5,700+ ISP and partner networks connected

Many of the world's largest applications such as YouTube, Search, Maps, Gemini, and more run on the Google global network. Your data and traffic leverage the same hardened global infrastructure as these billion+ user apps and benefit from the most advanced, modern innovations. As AI and agentic workloads continue to grow, we are empowering the world to transform—connecting and securing users and their applications everywhere to ensure the optimal experience for all your needs.

Planet-scale reach with extensive peering

The Google global network connects with more than 5,700 ISPs and partner networks across 200+ countries and territories. Our network spans more than 7.75 million kilometers of terrestrial and subsea fiber. Customers’ data and traffic stay on the Google global network, minimizing latency, security risks, and reliability issues.

With the highest border gateway protocol (BGP) peering rank among cloud providers, the Google global network offers extensive reachability and peering services through the Verified Peering Provider program providing the fastest and most reliable way to reach users.

Exponential bandwidth scale with a multi-shard network

From streaming YouTube videos to training the most advanced AI models, the Google global network delivers high bandwidth and low latency networking to customers worldwide. Our multi-shard network runs independent control plane, data plane, and management plane, and enables horizontal scaling; not only can we scale the network within a shard, but we can scale the number of shards in the network. This modern approach goes beyond traditional vertical scaling and has powered elastic, horizontal scalability, significantly increasing our WAN bandwidth by 7x from 2020 to 2025 to meet the growing demands of AI infrastructure.

Beyond 9s reliability: architected for resilience

In the AI era, we are on a journey moving beyond traditional availability measures because even minutes of downtime a year is unacceptable. Our goal is to deliver consistent up time through advanced fail over techniques while enabling deterministic performance and rapid mitigation to keep your operations running smoothly. Our network is built with regional isolation and multi-shard networking where each shard runs independently with automatic failover between shards. With protective reroute , the Google global network provides rapid detection and failover, reducing outage duration by up to 93%.

Planet-scale network backbone security

The Google global network has protected against some of the world’s largest DDoS attacks. Built with multi-layer security including advanced encryption, firewalls, and cryptographic signatures, our global network utilizes secure protocols like PSP for intra- and inter-data center traffic encryption, RPKI to prevent BGP route hijacking, and QUIC to enhance web traffic security and performance.

Programmable and intent-driven network

The Google global network is highly programmable with SDN controllers, standard APIs, and universal network models such as Multi-Abstraction-Layer Topology representation (MALT), enabling flexibility, agility, and control. 

Designed for declarative operations that easily translate business policies into network intent, the Google global network customizes network controls to specific business requirements, encompassing regulatory compliance, digital sovereignty mandates, and unique application performance to address business needs.

Autonomous network operations powered by agentic AI

We have transformed our network, evolving from event-driven to machine-driven and now to autonomous operations.

Inspired by Google DeepMind’s work, the Google global network uses a digital twin of our network to prevent outages, pinpoint root causes, and optimize network capacity planning. Using agentic AI, we shortened mean-time to detect and resolve network issues, reducing failure mitigation times. Our autonomous network operations enable faster resolution, increase the overall network resilience, and improve customer experience.

Resources on the Google global network

Google Cloud runs on one of the largest and most sophisticated private networks in the world. Unlike other clouds, your traffic travels on our private fiber backbone between regions, minimizing exposure to the public internet.

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