StatusOrreturns a value on success and aStatuson error.
futureandpromisefutures (a holder that will receive a value asynchronously) and promises (the counterpart of a future, where values are stored asynchronously). They satisfy the API forstd::futureandstd::promise, and add support for callbacks and cancellation.
More information
Error Handlingfor more details about how the libraries report run-time errors and how you can handle them.
[[["Easy to understand","easyToUnderstand","thumb-up"],["Solved my problem","solvedMyProblem","thumb-up"],["Other","otherUp","thumb-up"]],[["Hard to understand","hardToUnderstand","thumb-down"],["Incorrect information or sample code","incorrectInformationOrSampleCode","thumb-down"],["Missing the information/samples I need","missingTheInformationSamplesINeed","thumb-down"],["Other","otherDown","thumb-down"]],["Last updated 2025-09-04 UTC."],[[["\u003cp\u003eThis page provides documentation for common components shared across Google Cloud C++ Client Libraries, including versions ranging from 2.10.1 up to the latest release candidate 2.37.0-rc.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eThe library encompasses essential elements like Credentials for authentication, Options for default configurations, and Status/StatusOr for managing errors and results.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eIt features support for asynchronous programming through \u003ccode\u003efuture\u003c/code\u003e and \u003ccode\u003epromise\u003c/code\u003e objects, enabling callbacks and cancellation, and mirroring the API for \u003ccode\u003estd::future\u003c/code\u003e and \u003ccode\u003estd::promise\u003c/code\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eUsers are advised against using symbols within namespaces such as \u003ccode\u003einternal\u003c/code\u003e and \u003ccode\u003etesting\u003c/code\u003e as they are reserved for internal implementation details and are subject to change without notice, which can cause applications to break.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eFurther details regarding error handling, library configuration, logging components, and authentication components are available through the links within the document.\u003c/p\u003e\n"]]],[],null,["Version 2.15.1keyboard_arrow_down\n\n- [2.42.0-rc (latest)](/cpp/docs/reference/common/latest)\n- [2.41.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.41.0)\n- [2.40.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.40.0)\n- [2.39.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.39.0)\n- [2.38.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.38.0)\n- [2.37.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.37.0)\n- [2.36.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.36.0)\n- [2.35.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.35.0)\n- [2.34.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.34.0)\n- [2.33.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.33.0)\n- [2.32.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.32.0)\n- [2.31.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.31.0)\n- [2.30.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.30.0)\n- [2.29.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.29.0)\n- [2.28.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.28.0)\n- [2.27.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.27.0)\n- [2.26.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.26.0)\n- [2.25.1](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.25.1)\n- [2.24.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.24.0)\n- [2.23.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.23.0)\n- [2.22.1](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.22.1)\n- [2.21.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.21.0)\n- [2.20.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.20.0)\n- [2.19.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.19.0)\n- [2.18.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.18.0)\n- [2.17.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.17.0)\n- [2.16.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.16.0)\n- [2.15.1](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.15.1)\n- [2.14.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.14.0)\n- [2.13.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.13.0)\n- [2.12.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.12.0)\n- [2.11.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.11.0)\n- [2.10.1](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.10.1) \n\nCommon Components for the Google Cloud C++ Client Libraries\n===========================================================\n\nOverview\n--------\n\nThis library contains common components shared by all the Google Cloud C++ Client Libraries. Including:\n\n- [Credentials](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.15.1/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1Credentials) are used to configure authentication in the client libraries. See [Authentication Components](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.15.1/group__guac) for more details on authentication.\n- [Options](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.15.1/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1Options) are used to override the client library default configuration. See [Client Library Configuration](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.15.1/group__options) for more details on library configuration.\n- [Status](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.15.1/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1Status) error codes and details from an operation.\n- [StatusOr](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.15.1/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1StatusOr) returns a value on success and a `Status` on error.\n- [future](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.15.1/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1future) and [promise](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.15.1/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1promise) futures (a holder that will receive a value asynchronously) and promises (the counterpart of a future, where values are stored asynchronously). They satisfy the API for `std::future` and `std::promise`, and add support for callbacks and cancellation.\n\n| **Warning:** Some namespaces are reserved for implementation details and are subject to change without notice. Do not use any symbols in these namespaces as your application may break when trying to use future versions of the library. These namespaces include: - Any namespace with `internal` in its name, including `google::cloud::internal` and `google::cloud::rest_internal`. - Any namespace with `testing` in its name, including `google::cloud::testing_util`.\n\n### More information\n\n- [Error Handling](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.15.1/common-error-handling) for more details about how the libraries report run-time errors and how you can handle them.\n- [Client Library Configuration](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.15.1/group__options) for information about configuring the client libraries at runtime.\n- [Authentication Components](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.15.1/group__guac) for more details about how to configure authentication in the client libraries.\n- [Logging Components](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.15.1/logging) for information about enabling logging to the console in the client libraries."]]
