The Citadel of Herat, also known as the Citadel of Alexander is located in the center of Herat in Afghanistan. It dates back to 330 BC, when Alexander the Great and his army arrived to what is now Afghanistan after the Battle of Gaugamela. Many empires have used it as a headquarters in the last 2,000 years, and was destroyed and rebuilt many times over the centuries. This historic citadel was saved from demolition(破壊、取り壊し)in the 1950s, and was excavated(発掘する)and restored by UNESCO between 1976 and 1979. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herat)