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Here's an example of why I love 3D printers. Over the holidays, the drain in my bathroom sink broke. Part of the pop-up assembly snapped, and the stopper was stuck in the down position. I didn't have time to run to the hardware store, so I searched for an at-home solution. I checked online and found that someone had created a 3D-printable version of the exact part I needed. And 30 minutes later, part in hand, I repaired my sink .
3D printers can replicate virtually any part or product through a process called additive manufacturing, which assembles physical objects by layering a pliable filament or building material. Most consumer 3D printers work with various plastics, but there are printers that work with a wide range of materials including metals, ceramics, composites, wood, and more.
In the decade since 3D printers first exploded onto the consumer tech scene, these tools have become much easier to use. It used to be that you'd spend more time fiddling with the printer than using the product that you just printed. While they are still hobby-grade (read: expensive) tools, modern printers make it easy to set up a print, and you don't have to babysit your project to make sure everything comes out okay.
Buying a 3D printer today isn't too different from buying a table saw —you'll need to do some research to find one that fits your space and can print what you want to print. Once you have it, you can focus on designing and printing everything from toys to tools to tech .
I've taken the time to test some of the most highly rated and popular 3D printers to highlight the best for new users. These are some of the easiest printers to use, and should allow technically minded newcomers to get up and printing as quickly as possible.
Best 3D Printers
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Best Overall: Bambu P2S AMS Combo 3D Printer
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Best Value: Elegoo Centauri Carbon 3D Printer
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Best Mid-Range: QIDI Q2 3D Printer
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Best for Flexible Filament: Creality Ender-3 VE SE 3D Printer
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Best Multi-Color: Snapmaker U1 3D Printer
How We Selected
I've been a maker and tinkerer for decades, and have used 3D printers both professionally and as a hobby, printing everything from board game pieces to replacement parts for appliances . I've seen first-hand how diverse the 3D printing community is, and that we have a wide range of needs.
A tabletop gamer needs a different type of printer than a print farm operator, or an artist, or a maker. On top of that, there are a ton of nuances to consider when comparing 3D printers from size and speed to print quality and affordability. For this guide, I specifically prioritized printers that are easy to use. I imagine that, if you've come to Popular Mechanics for advice, rather than a deep message board or 3D printing influencer, there's a good chance that you're just starting out and haven't put down roots in the community. That's okay! Welcome! I'm here to help you get started.
Nearly all of these printers are new models, released in the last year. There's one exception, the Creality Ender 3 V3 SE, which is our "Easiest to Use" pick. It was tested, though, by contributor Sascha Brodsky to see how well it holds up against newer models.
How We Tested
I tested each of the printers we recommend by printing all kinds of things, from detailed busts and decorative lithopanes to peg board organizers, table saw rails, and shop vacuum accessories. I sent a core group of models through all the printers, and pushed the boundaries of individual printers with a range of sizes, styles, and filament types. All told, I stacked up more than 100 hours of print time per printer.
I focused on printing with common filaments that a new user would most likely use, such as polylactide (PLA), polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG), and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU). During testing I used the manufacturer's slicer and – when possible – their branded filament as well. I printed models taken off the manufacturer's online services, as well as third-party sites. I selected a variety of models, from functional to decorative, and from large to miniature. I tried to push all the printers in terms of consistency, performance, and precision.
I also recorded how long it took to set up each printer, from opening the box to producing a completed 3DBenchy benchmark model. (Or "box to Benchy" time, as I like to call it.) I also had more subjective measurements, such as how intuitive the printer interface and slicer are. I made note of anything I found confusing in their UI, and I tracked whether they needed babysitting to complete a print. I also tracked any failed prints, to see if the printer had an error detection system, or if it continued to run through the failed print.
And through it all, I identified which printers made the process easiest, from set up to printing and troubleshooting. Once I got them through all that, I was able to see which ones stood out from the rest in terms of price, performance, and features.
1) Bambu P2S AMS Combo 3D Printer
Released in the U.S. last November, the Bambu P2S is Bambu's mid-line printer, falling between the entry-level A1 and their premium H-Series models . This is hands-down the most user-friendly 3D printer I've ever operated. From setup and basic operations to remote printing, it's so easy to use it almost feels like running on autopilot.
In the last few years, Bambu has revolutionized the 3D printer industry by bringing more intuitive, beginner-friendly features to the market. Their business is based on creating a full ecosystem for users to explore. Bambu provides their own filament with RFID chips on the spools, so the printer can change its settings to match that specific filament's needs. And their Maker World website is full of models and tools, including one-click projects (such as RC cars ), that start a 3D print and simultaneously ship out any hardware or electronics needed to complete it.
Bambu encourages—some critics would argue "pressures"—users to use all of these integrated services. The situation is not unlike the "walled garden" of Apple's iOS App Store, which curates a library of beautifully designed products that are accessible and easy to use, at the expense of some creative freedom for both users and developers.
Regardless of how you feel about this kind of manufacturer ecosystem, though, the P2S is an impressive machine. It's an intuitive system that's easy to use, and works right out of the box. Of all the printers I tested, the Bambu P2S was the only one that never gave me a single connection issue, and any failed prints were identified and paused to allow me to address the issue.
That ease of use even extends to the Bambu mobile app. Most 3D printers have a mobile app that allows you to track progress or view your print progress in real time through a camera, but Bambu's Handy app is on another level: It connects directly Bambu's Maker World, allowing you to set up prints remotely from your phone, automatically handling slicing. To be honest, I didn't think I'd use the app, but I quickly found myself breaking out my phone while watching TV and sending a quick print to the P2S. It was so easy to use, it just became second nature.
For new users, I loved Bambu's tutorial library, including tutorials in both text and video. This is even true for the "experimental" services in their Creator's Maker Lab, where users can create their own models using a range of manual and AI tools. I tried a few of these with moderate success. (It struggled with photos of people wearing glasses, and it tended to generate disturbing results, including a 3D model that combined two of my dogs into a single nightmare creature that would be at home in a Cronenberg film.)
No printer is perfect, of course. The P2S uses a single nozzle to print multiple colors, which means the machine needs to reset, purging the old color and cutting some filament for the change, before resuming the print. Doing that once isn't a big deal, but complex prints may have hundreds or even thousands of color changes.
This takes its toll on both efficiency and print time: In a couple of complicated prints, I found that the printer discards three to four times as much filament as it used for the actual print. Likewise, I printed a single-color mask piece in 2 hours and 4 minutes, but a 3-color version of the design took an astronomical 19 hours and 30 minutes.
One other minor issue: it struggled with any filament that wasn't well-wound. I buy a fair amount of this stuff, and some manufacturers ship filament that's loosely wound. I can get away with using it on a single-color printer or even a multi-toolhead machine. But with filament changing designs like the P2S, the filament gets bound up. I never had this issue with Bambu filament, or with well-wound 3rd party filament.
The Bambu P2S exemplifies how 3D printers have improved over the past few years. While other printers may have a specific task where they perform better, but the P2S is so incredibly easy to use, which makes it a great all-around option for beginners who may or may not know what they plan to print most. It's the closest thing to a "set it and forget it" experience that you can get with a 3D printer.
- Extremely easy to use
- Mobile App with true functionality
- Rich set of integrated features online
- Multi-color prints are slow and inefficient
- Bambu ecosystem lock-in can add expense, limit creativity.
2) Elegoo Centauri Carbon 3D Printer
The Centauri Carbon is fast, affordable, and fun to use. It's also a rare find for entry-level printers looking to enter the hobby with a low investment, with print quality and features that are typically seen in more expensive models. It doesn't have many of the bells and whistles that I love from my other picks, but it delivers great value for its price, and it's a perfect starting point for general use printing.
It has a strong sense of fun in its design. For example, the included waste-bin model that clips to the back of the printer isn't just a bland box, it's a tiny model of the Centauri Carbon. I felt the slightly playful nature of the design reflected a desire to make things enjoyable for the user, something that included keeping setup simple, with a box to Benchy time of one hour, 11 minutes, the fastest time I've found to date.
Elegoo seems to want to balance a streamlined UI with robust options. Their custom version of the Orca slicer tucks away some features in the name of streamlining, but they're still there if you go digging. (That may be a good thing or bad thing, depending on how much you like to tinker with settings.) A recent software update added an integration for Nexprint, Elegoo's 3D model site, which makes it much easier to download projects straight into the slicer.
One simple UI choice that I appreciated is that the mobile app has a clear pause button, so if something looks wrong, you can stop the print before it completely goes off the rails. It's a weird bit of psychology, but just being able to clearly see it made me more comfortable during long print jobs.
The Centauri Carbon was noisier during operation than the other printers I tested, but silent at rest. (It has relatively hard feet, which seemed to cause more vibration in the bench than other printers.) That left me more inclined to leave it on, which opened the door for me to queue up projects more spontaneously.
One issue worth noting: When the Centauri Carbon debuted, Elegoo announced that it would have a multi-color option sometime in 2025. As of December 2025, no multi-color is available. This has been a source of frustration for users who bought this printer assuming that they'd be able to upgrade. But with its robust features and a budget-friendly price, the Elegoo Centauri Carbon is a great option if you're okay sticking with a single-color printer.
- Sense of style
- Fast, accurate printing
- Fully enclosed printer
- Noisy during operation
- No option to upgrade to multi-color
3) QIDI Q2 3D Printer
The QIDI Q2 can print with more durable materials that can withstand abuse from high heat and prolonged sun exposure. It lacks some of the added conveniences found on Bambu's P2S or Snapmaker's U1, but it's priced accordingly. That makes it a standout if you're looking for a fully enclosed, single-color printer that can print more robust materials.
There are two specific areas where the Q2 excels: First, it's a great choice if you want to print materials that require a higher nozzle temperature and/or could produce a higher volume of fumes. Second, it keeps most of the customization options readily apparent, making it a good printer if you know you like to tinker with settings and dial-in custom quality and performance.
The Q2 was easy to unpack and to set up, with a box to Benchy time of 1 hour and 20 minutes. (The unit I tested did not include the QIDI Box multi-color kit, which meant I only had to set up a single filament feed.) That said, setup may pose a couple challenges for first-timers: The quick-start guide was light on details, and occasionally skipped steps. For example, there's no mention of the cover in the setup instructions. It's not a dealbreaker—chances are that you'll realize you can put the cover on top—but I found myself wondering more than once if I'd accidentally missed something. Once the Q2 takes over the process and begins to calibrate, though, setup is a breeze.
I found almost everything about the Q2 worked right out of the gate. If you find that you need to make tweaks, though, there is a library of helpful tuning tutorials with photos. (I wish someone handed me these back when I started 3D printing).
It has single-band, 2.4 Ghz WiFi, which allows you to send files directly to the printer, and an interior camera so you can monitor prints remotely. The Q2 is relatively smooth and quiet while printing, though it keeps a fan running even when idle, ironically making it both among the quietest and loudest printers I tested.
It has an AI error detection that can potentially spot the "spaghetti" strands of filament caused by a failed print. Mine went off twice, alerting me in time so I could make adjustments before the print went off the rails.
I did run into an issue with a clogged nozzle after about 60 hours of printing. When I took off the cover, I pressed on the nozzle fan and found it had snapped its support struts. I'm not sure if the fan went bad and caused the clog, or if I damaged the fan when I pressed on it. Regardless, QIDI sent a replacement fan and hot end, and I was up and running with relative ease.
While my tests focused on basic filaments such as PLA, PETG, and TPU, the QIDI Q2 has a higher-temperature nozzle (370 degrees Celsius) and an interior box temperature of up to 65 degrees Celsius. This allows it to print with more robust materials, like polycarbonate (PC) and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS). It also ships with a hardened steel nozzle, allowing it to print materials like carbon fiber (CF) or glow-in-the-dark filaments, which would damage softer brass nozzles. If your long-term printing goals include using your printer to make automotive parts, or other, more durable items that need to withstand high temperatures and forces, I think the Q2 can help you learn the ropes, and get where you want to go once you know what you're doing.
- Ability to print higher-temperature materials
- AI spaghetti detection
- Plenty of customization in slicer settings
- Single-band WiFi
- Noisy when idle
4) Creality Ender-3 VE SE 3D Printer
I have a lot of affection for the Creality Ender-3 V3 SE. My colleague Sascha Brodsky recommended it as our "easiest to use" pick when it launched in 2023, and for good reason. It was one of the first 3D printers to come mostly assembled, with clear instructions and enough user support to get you up and running, as well as features like automatic bed leveling that made the printer far easier to use than other models available at the time.
Today, the V3 SE is older than most of my recommendations, but it's still an attractive (and very affordable) option. In its heyday, it was an outstanding selection for those new to 3D printing, and helped bring features like auto-leveling and partial assembly to market at an affordable price. Three years later, it still compares favorably with newer models in terms of setup time, with about an hour and a half from box to Benchy, putting it only a little behind the single-color enclosed printers on our list.
It's worth noting that even a few years in, I use this printer fairly regularly, especially when printing TPU or other flexible filaments. Softer plastics are generally susceptible to print issues, especially in enclosed printers that tend to run hot. If you're not careful, you can end up with a sticky, stringy mess of a print, or even a clogged nozzle. Luckily, the Ender-3 V3 SE's open frame and durability manages heat well, and gets the job done with ease. I've never had a problem, and that's what keeps me coming back.
That said, the design has started to show its age. It doesn't have WiFi, so you'll either have to set up a controller (such as a Raspberry Pi) or shuttle an SD card back and forth. With a max toolhead speed of 250 millimeters per second, it's far slower than modern printers like the QIDI Q2 which can run at up to 600 mm/s. It also has a smaller print bed, no camera for remote monitoring, and no error detection.
The Ender-3 V3 SE is capable of producing attractive prints, but the quality you'll get is dependent on your ability to dial in the settings. It doesn't automate settings or provide a seamless integration with online models. It also doesn't have advanced calibration features like input shaping, which updates the printer's settings to account for environmental vibration. Instead, you'll need to hand-calibrate all those settings. On the plus side, it's wide open to tweaking and adjustments, making it a great choice if you like to tinker and optimize performance.
The Ender-3 V3 SE is a venerable printer, and still has a lot to offer. Its user-friendly design was ahead of its time and, while it's no longer our pick for Easiest to Use, the V3 SE remains a great choice for users who want to use flexible filament or are working with a tighter budget. It's often available on sale, bringing its cost below $200, and if you're willing to be patient, Creality sells factory-refurbished models for even less.
- Great for flexible filaments
- Reliable
- Compact size
- Requires tinkering compared to more modern printers
- No WiFi
5) Snapmaker U1 3D Printer
The Snapmaker U1 set crowdfunding records when it launched on Kickstarter, thanks to its clever multi-head system that keeps four nozzles preheated and loaded with filament. It can change tool heads on the fly, rather than changing filament fed through a single nozzle. With no need to purge older filament, the U1's design cuts print time and dramatically reduces waste. Seeing this printer go head-to-head with a filament changer, the choice is clear: I'll take the Snapmaker every time.
The U1's setup kit is top-notch. It has an extensive, step-by-step assembly document, with full color images of each step, and a QR code that links to a video walkthrough. I loved that it shipped with extra parts, so a broken part doesn't bring you to a complete standstill until you order a replacement.
Assembly and calibration took longer than other printers, because with four print heads, there's essentially four times the work. It had a box to Benchy time of 2 hours and 49 minutes, more than double single-color printers like the QIDI 2 or Elegoo Centauri Carbon. (For an apples-to-apples comparison, I printed an actual Benchy model; the full-color test model that comes with the U1 adds a few hours of time, though the result is an adorable baby dragon, which immediately scored me points when I gifted it to my wife.) Even with the longer setup time, it never felt onerous.
I was pleasantly surprised to see that the U1 comes with a generous amount of starter filament. It ships with four colors, each with 500 grams of filament, compared to most printers which ship with only a few grams, just enough to print a test Benchy. Snapmaker filament rolls also have RFID, so that you don't need to manually enter the filament details.
Unfortunately, it does not ship with a lid for the enclosure, or any kind of filter in the case. This can become a problem when you print with materials that require higher nozzle temperatures. Snapmaker does sell a lid , along with a HEPA/activated carbon air filter, for $150. With the lid attached, the internal chamber can reach up to 50 °C, allowing the U1 to print higher-temperature materials like ABS and PC. Obviously, though, it's annoying to pay extra for a feature that you might see as a core component of the printer. (If you're open to a DIY solution, though, the U1 forums have a discussion thread where users are sharing their own custom tops. This is why I love the 3D printing community!)
Overall, printing was a breeze, whether using Snapmaker or third-party filament. The U1's AI error detection worked well, pausing prints if any debris was detected, and allowing me to fix it or cancel the job without wasting more filament. In fact, I had no problems with the U1's hardware at any point during testing. Where I did run into headaches was with the software. As it stands, Snapmaker's version of Orca is sluggish to load, and I had to reconnect the slicer to the printer every time I opened the software. The software is still in beta, and I expect this will be improved before release. Hardware this polished deserves a quality app to go with it.
- Fast multi-color prints with very little wasted filament.
- Impeccable documentation, and robust tech support
- Generous starter filaments
- Slicer software is sluggish
- Enclosure lid requires a separate purchase
6) Elegoo Mars 5 Ultra 3D Printer
Testing the Elegoo Mars 5 Ultra was an exercise in both delight and frustration. There's no disputing its print quality, especially when I produced beautifully detailed game miniatures. But I ran into regular obstacles on the path to those beautiful prints, in the form of poor or even confusing documentation. In a review focusing on ease of use, those pain points really stood out.
Resin printers like the Mars 5 Ultra are especially popular with gamers, who print miniatures for tabletop games. These small figures tend to be packed with details, and printers like the Mars 5 Ultra can generate layers as thin as 0.01 mm, 10 to 20 times thinner than a typical FDM printer. If you want sharp visual details, resin printing is the way to go. The Mars 5 Ultra is an especially good way to learn about printing with resin, thanks to a pair of features that make it more user-friendly than its peers.
First and foremost, it has a tilt-release resin vat that reduces the suction forces between the build plate and the vat. When the build plate bed lifts up after each layer is complete, the vat tilts, creating an angle that makes it easier to separate. (Think of it like pulling off a sticker or a bandage -- it takes far less force if you start on one corner.) Since the tilt-release makes separation easier, your settings don't have to be dialed in quite so precisely in order to get a clean separation from the vat, and support points can be slightly smaller. As a result, you spend less time adjusting settings or removing support marks, and more time enjoying your finished prints.
It also has a very helpful error detection feature, which is great for new printers. If the Mars 5 Ultra detects foreign objects in the vat—usually chunks of supports or models that have fallen off the print plate—it will pause operation and send a notification. That can minimize damage to the model you're printing, and prevents debris from getting trapped, which could also crack the vat itself. (In general, I think any feature that keeps toxic resin where it belongs is a big value-add.) Both the vat and error detection save time and reduce the frustration of a failed print. They're also more commonly found on printers that cost twice as much as the Mars 5 Ultra.
Unfortunately, the standout design is somewhat undercut by Elegoo's confusing and contradictory support documentation. The instructions told me to install Chitubox (an industry-standard slicer) from the included USB stick. But the only slicer on the USB was Elegoo's SatelLite slicer. Now, I actually like SatelLite, but it's not what they told me to expect. What's especially frustrating is that Elegoo actually has a fantastic unboxing video with a clear, easy to follow walkthrough. But there's no mention of it in the manual and no QR code linking to it on the packaging. So I only saw it when I stumbled across it online.
Setup aside, this is an excellent printer. It's well designed and easy to use, and produces quality prints with minimal fuss. (Or at least minimal fuss for resin.) The touchscreen is easy to read and well laid out, with an easy to understand user interface. It is a little small, but it's sensitive enough that I didn't need to tap twice, even while wearing gloves.
I also love Elegoo's optional in-box heater . I picked one up when the temperatures plummeted. Since I'd set up the printer in my garage, I thought I'd fall behind on testing. But the heater installed easily and worked spectacularly well. Before I knew it, I was churning out prints even though the weather was well below freezing. But that heater was the reason I was able to get a full test run on the printer, even during a polar vortex.
- Tilt-release bed
- AI Error Detection
- Streamlined settings
- Resin fumes
- Poor documentation
7) What to Consider: The ABCs of 3D Printing
FDM vs Resin
There are two types of 3D printer built with home users in mind: FDM and resin. (While other types of 3D printers are available, they're intended for industrial use, with a learning curve and price tag to match.) As a rule of thumb, FDM printers are faster and produce more rugged prints than resin, while resin printers excel at fine detail.
Fused deposition modeling printers (FDM)are like a hot glue gun for plastic. They feed a strand of plastic filament through a heated metal nozzle, laying out the print onto a heated metal bed. They're cleaner and easier to use than resin, and require less safety precautions. They tend to have larger print volumes, but they don't produce prints that are as highly detailed as resin.
Resin printers, on the other hand, create layers of material by dipping a flat bed into a vat of liquid resin, then curing a layer of material with UV light. (It's similar to the process of making candles, where you dip a wick into wax repeatedly.) They are typically more complicated to use, as the models have to be washed and cured after printing is complete. Printer resins are toxic until cured, and using resin printers requires significant safety precautions. Resin printers produce highly detailed prints, prized by users ranging from tabletop gamers making miniatures to the dental offices, creating surgical implants and guides.
Both types of printing have their pros and cons, depending on your space, your style, and what items you want to print. Generally speaking, FMD printers are good for larger items, items that need to be more durable, or when you need to turn around prints quickly. They are also a good choice if you'll be printing in areas with less ventilation or if you'll have children or pets around while printing. Resin printers are a better choice if you want outstanding detail, and have room to set up a cleaning station for your prints.
FDM Printer Variations
FDM printers are usually described by the head movement (either CoreXY or bed-slinger) and whether or not it's enclosed or open frame. CoreXY printers move the head left to right, and front to back. On a bed-slinger, the head moves left to right, but front to back adjustments are made by moving ("slinging") the bed itself.
Enclosed printers are just that–enclosed on all sides. These are typically CoreXY printers, and allow for higher temperatures and provide filtered vents for filaments that produce more fumes. They also usually cost more than open-bed printers.
Software Options – Any Way You Slice It
To start printing, you'll need some 3D models and software (called a slicer) to send them to your printer. Luckily, some of the best options are free.
Slicers
Every 3D Printer uses some type of slicer software, which allows your printer to analyze objects and create a blueprint for making a 3D printed copy. True to its name, it creates a digital model and "slices" it into anywhere from one to a few thousand printable layers, creating the building blocks of a 3D print design. The result is a detailed set of instructions for printing, called G-code. When you load a design, your printer follows the G-code to assemble the design, layer by pre-sliced layer.
Printer manufacturers provide a proprietary slicer or an open-source slicer customized for their specific machines. For testing purposes, I used the slicer provided by the manufacturer. Honestly, once you get used to one slicer, they'll all feel pretty similar.
Pre-Made 3D Models
Creating your own print designs isn't necessary, though, if you don't feel compelled. There's no shortage of sites with free or paid 3D print designs that you can download and print. Once you have a little bit of experience printing, there's a whole world of printable tools and products to explore within the 3D printing community.
When a plastic part breaks, there's a good chance someone else has run into the same issue and created a 3D version of that part to download and print. Many printer manufacturers support some kind of community site, where users can upload, remix, and review 3D models.
8) FAQs
Are 3D printers safe?
Yes, when used properly. Both FDM and resin printers pose safety risks during operation. FDM printer risks include the hot end of an FDM nozzle and fumes from melted plastic. Resin printers pose more risks, as resin itself is toxic, and should not be allowed to touch unprotected skin, and should only be used in an area where the fumes can be safely vented outdoors. Resin printers also use UV light to cure the prints, which can damage your eyes if not properly filtered.
FDM safety precautions are fairly straightforward. First, don't stick your hand in the print area while the printer is running. This may sound obvious, but it's surprisingly tempting to do, since sooner or later you'll spot a bit of loose filament or some other bit of debris laying on the bed in the middle of a print. It's very easy to reach in and grab that debris without pausing the print -- but the print head moves very fast and without warning. That nozzle is probably around 300 degrees celsius / 580 farenheit, and having it slam into your knuckle can leave a puncture and a burn.
Second, make sure the room where you operate the printer is well ventilated. Proper ventilation is especially important when using high VOC filaments. These include acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and acrylonitrile styrene acrylate (ASA), but the fumes will vary by manufacturer, so err on the side of caution.
Resin requires more extensive safety precautions. You'll need to invest in PPE such as nitrile gloves, a respirator (use filters rated for VOCs and not just dust debris), and possibly UV safety glasses. When resin printing, venting is even more important. In most cases it's easy to safely vent your 3D printer, but if you're concerned, consider getting an air quality monitor to ensure that you're working in a safe environment.
How Much Does it Cost to Use a 3D Printer?
Your primary expense using a 3D printer is your printing material, which will be plastic filament for these printers, but could be other materials with more advanced models. You can buy a one-kilogram reel of PLA filament for about $12 to $19. If you need a specialty filament, you'll likely pay double that amount, and prices can go much higher for premium materials.
Then there's the hit to your electric bill. FDM printers typically use about 50 to 100 watts to operate, depending on what material you're printing and the ambient temperature. If your electricity is 20 cents per kilowatt-hour, your printers will likely cost less than 2 cents per hour to operate.
Lastly, there will be other costs over time: You may need replacement bed plates for FDM printers, or post-processing supplies for resin printers. Other parts may break and need replacing, as well.
What do I need to get started?
Once you have a print and some compatible printing material, all you need to do is figure out what and how to print. I recommend new printer users pick up some calipers ($30 or so, but you can get away with a $10 set). You can actually 3D print most of the other tools you'll use. In fact, printing storage bins and organizers for your printing tools is a great way to learn the ropes while making useful prints.
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