List preemption history of a Google Compute Engine instance

This sample lists all preemption operations that happened in a given zone in a project. Optionally, you can filter the results to only include operations for a specific instance.

Code sample

Go

Before trying this sample, follow the Go setup instructions in the Compute Engine quickstart using client libraries . For more information, see the Compute Engine Go API reference documentation .

To authenticate to Compute Engine, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Set up authentication for a local development environment .

  import 
  
 ( 
  
 "context" 
  
 "fmt" 
  
 "io" 
  
 "strings" 
  
 compute 
  
 "cloud.google.com/go/compute/apiv1" 
  
 computepb 
  
 "cloud.google.com/go/compute/apiv1/computepb" 
  
 "google.golang.org/api/iterator" 
  
 "google.golang.org/protobuf/proto" 
 ) 
 // preemptionHisory gets a list of preemption operations from given zone in a project. 
 // Optionally limit the results to instance name. 
 func 
  
 preemptionHisory 
 ( 
 w 
  
 io 
 . 
 Writer 
 , 
  
 projectID 
 , 
  
 zone 
 , 
  
 instanceName 
 , 
  
 customFilter 
  
 string 
 ) 
  
 error 
  
 { 
  
 // projectID := "your_project_id" 
  
 // zone := "europe-central2-b" 
  
 // instanceName := "your_instance_name" 
  
 // customFilter := "operationType=\"compute.instances.preempted\"" 
  
 ctx 
  
 := 
  
 context 
 . 
 Background 
 () 
  
 operationsClient 
 , 
  
 err 
  
 := 
  
 compute 
 . 
  NewZoneOperationsRESTClient 
 
 ( 
 ctx 
 ) 
  
 if 
  
 err 
  
 != 
  
 nil 
  
 { 
  
 return 
  
 fmt 
 . 
 Errorf 
 ( 
 "NewZoneOperationsRESTClient: %w" 
 , 
  
 err 
 ) 
  
 } 
  
 defer 
  
 operationsClient 
 . 
 Close 
 () 
  
 filter 
  
 := 
  
 "" 
  
 if 
  
 customFilter 
  
 != 
  
 "" 
  
 { 
  
 filter 
  
 = 
  
 customFilter 
  
 } 
  
 else 
  
 { 
  
 filter 
  
 = 
  
 "operationType=\"compute.instances.preempted\"" 
  
 if 
  
 instanceName 
  
 != 
  
 "" 
  
 { 
  
 filter 
  
 += 
  
 fmt 
 . 
 Sprintf 
 ( 
  
 ` AND targetLink="https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/%s/zones/%s/instances/%s"` 
 , 
  
 projectID 
 , 
  
 zone 
 , 
  
 instanceName 
 , 
  
 ) 
  
 } 
  
 } 
  
 req 
  
 := 
  
& computepb 
 . 
 ListZoneOperationsRequest 
 { 
  
 Project 
 : 
  
 projectID 
 , 
  
 Zone 
 : 
  
 zone 
 , 
  
 Filter 
 : 
  
 proto 
 . 
 String 
 ( 
 filter 
 ), 
  
 } 
  
 it 
  
 := 
  
 operationsClient 
 . 
 List 
 ( 
 ctx 
 , 
  
 req 
 ) 
  
 for 
  
 { 
  
 operation 
 , 
  
 err 
  
 := 
  
 it 
 . 
 Next 
 () 
  
 if 
  
 err 
  
 == 
  
 iterator 
 . 
  Done 
 
  
 { 
  
 break 
  
 } 
  
 if 
  
 err 
  
 != 
  
 nil 
  
 { 
  
 return 
  
 err 
  
 } 
  
 ss 
  
 := 
  
 strings 
 . 
 Split 
 ( 
 operation 
 . 
 GetTargetLink 
 (), 
  
 "/" 
 ) 
  
 curInstName 
  
 := 
  
 ss 
 [ 
 len 
 ( 
 ss 
 ) 
 - 
 1 
 ] 
  
 if 
  
 curInstName 
  
 == 
  
 instanceName 
  
 { 
  
 // The filter used is not 100% accurate, it's `contains` not `equals` 
  
 // So we need to check the name to make sure it's the one we want. 
  
 fmt 
 . 
 Fprintf 
 ( 
 w 
 , 
  
 "- %s %s\n" 
 , 
  
 instanceName 
 , 
  
 operation 
 . 
 GetInsertTime 
 ()) 
  
 } 
  
 } 
  
 return 
  
 nil 
 }

Java

Before trying this sample, follow the Java setup instructions in the Compute Engine quickstart using client libraries . For more information, see the Compute Engine Java API reference documentation .

To authenticate to Compute Engine, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Set up authentication for a local development environment .

  import 
  
 com.google.cloud.compute.v1. ListZoneOperationsRequest 
 
 ; 
 import 
  
 com.google.cloud.compute.v1. Operation 
 
 ; 
 import 
  
 com.google.cloud.compute.v1. ZoneOperationsClient 
 
 ; 
 import 
  
 com.google.cloud.compute.v1. ZoneOperationsClient 
.ListPagedResponse 
 ; 
 import 
  
 java.io.IOException 
 ; 
 import 
  
 java.time.Instant 
 ; 
 import 
  
 java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter 
 ; 
 import 
  
 java.util.ArrayList 
 ; 
 import 
  
 java.util.Arrays 
 ; 
 import 
  
 java.util.List 
 ; 
 public 
  
 class 
 ListZoneOperations 
  
 { 
  
 public 
  
 static 
  
 void 
  
 main 
 ( 
 String 
 [] 
  
 args 
 ) 
  
 throws 
  
 IOException 
  
 { 
  
 // TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample. 
  
 // projectId: project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to use. 
  
 // zone: name of the zone you want to use. For example: “us-west3-b” 
  
 // instanceName: name of the virtual machine to look for. 
  
 String 
  
 projectId 
  
 = 
  
 "your-project-id-or-number" 
 ; 
  
 String 
  
 zone 
  
 = 
  
 "zone-name" 
 ; 
  
 String 
  
 instanceName 
  
 = 
  
 "instance-name" 
 ; 
  
 preemptionHistory 
 ( 
 projectId 
 , 
  
 zone 
 , 
  
 instanceName 
 ); 
  
 } 
  
 // List all recent operations that happened in given zone in a project. Optionally filter those 
  
 // operations by providing a filter. More about using the filter can be found here: 
  
 // https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/reference/rest/v1/zoneOperations/list 
  
 public 
  
 static 
  
 ListPagedResponse 
  
 listZoneOperations 
 ( 
 String 
  
 projectId 
 , 
  
 String 
  
 zone 
 , 
  
 String 
  
 filter 
 ) 
  
 throws 
  
 IOException 
  
 { 
  
 try 
  
 ( 
 Zone ZoneOperationsClient 
eOperationsClient 
  
 = 
  
 Zone ZoneOperationsClient 
ate 
 ()) 
  
 { 
  
 List ListZoneOperationsRequest 
uest 
  
 = 
  
 List ListZoneOperationsRequest 
Builder 
 () 
  
 . 
 setProject 
 ( 
 projectId 
 ) 
  
 . 
 setZone 
 ( 
 zone 
 ) 
  
 . 
 setFilter 
 ( 
 filter 
 ) 
  
 . 
 build 
 (); 
  
 return 
  
 zoneOperationsClient 
 . 
 list 
 ( 
 request 
 ); 
  
 } 
  
 } 
  
 // Get a list of preemption operations from given zone in a project. Optionally limit 
  
 // the results to instance name. 
  
 private 
  
 static 
  
 void 
  
 preemptionHistory 
 ( 
 String 
  
 projectId 
 , 
  
 String 
  
 zone 
 , 
  
 String 
  
 instanceName 
 ) 
  
 throws 
  
 IOException 
  
 { 
  
 String 
  
 filter 
 ; 
  
 String 
  
 thisInstanceName 
 ; 
  
 String 
  
 targetLink 
 ; 
  
 List<List<String> 
>  
 history 
  
 = 
  
 new 
  
 ArrayList 
<> (); 
  
 if 
  
 ( 
 instanceName 
  
 != 
  
 null 
 && 
 instanceName 
 . 
 length 
 () 
  
 != 
  
 0 
 ) 
  
 { 
  
 filter 
  
 = 
  
 String 
 . 
 format 
 ( 
  
 "operationType=\"compute.instances.preempted\" AND targetLink:instances/%s" 
 , 
  
 instanceName 
 ); 
  
 } 
  
 else 
  
 { 
  
 filter 
  
 = 
  
 "operationType=\"compute.instances.preempted\"" 
 ; 
  
 } 
  
 for 
  
 ( 
 Oper Operation 
ration 
  
 : 
  
 listZoneOperations 
 ( 
 projectId 
 , 
  
 zone 
 , 
  
 filter 
 ). 
 iterateAll 
 ()) 
  
 { 
  
 targetLink 
  
 = 
  
 operation 
 . 
 getTargetLink 
 (); 
  
 thisInstanceName 
  
 = 
  
 targetLink 
 . 
 substring 
 ( 
 targetLink 
 . 
 lastIndexOf 
 ( 
 "/" 
 ) 
  
 + 
  
 1 
 ); 
  
 // The filter used above performs a 'contains' operation instead of 'equals' 
  
 // So, the result (thisInstanceName) might not be tightly coupled with instanceName. 
  
 // Hence, we need to check the name to make sure it's the one we want. 
  
 if 
  
 ( 
 thisInstanceName 
 . 
 equalsIgnoreCase 
 ( 
 instanceName 
 )) 
  
 { 
  
 Instant 
  
 instant 
  
 = 
  
 Instant 
 . 
 from 
 ( 
  
 DateTimeFormatter 
 . 
 ISO_INSTANT 
 . 
 parse 
 ( 
 operation 
 . 
 getInsertTime 
 ())); 
  
 history 
 . 
 add 
 ( 
 new 
  
 ArrayList 
<> ( 
 Arrays 
 . 
 asList 
 ( 
 instanceName 
 , 
  
 instant 
 . 
 toString 
 ()))); 
  
 } 
  
 } 
  
 System 
 . 
 out 
 . 
 println 
 ( 
 "Retrieved preemption history: " 
  
 + 
  
 history 
 ); 
  
 } 
 }

Node.js

Before trying this sample, follow the Node.js setup instructions in the Compute Engine quickstart using client libraries . For more information, see the Compute Engine Node.js API reference documentation .

To authenticate to Compute Engine, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Set up authentication for a local development environment .

  /** 
 * TODO(developer): Uncomment and replace these variables before running the sample. 
 */ 
 // const projectId = 'YOUR_PROJECT_ID'; 
 // const zone = 'europe-central2-b'; 
 // const instanceName = 'YOUR_INSTANCE_NAME'; 
 // const customFilter = 'operationType="compute.instances.preempted"'; 
 const 
  
 compute 
  
 = 
  
 require 
 ( 
 ' @google-cloud/compute 
' 
 ); 
 async 
  
 function 
  
 preemptionHistory 
 () 
  
 { 
  
 const 
  
 zoneOperationsClient 
  
 = 
  
 new 
  
 compute 
 . 
  ZoneOperationsClient 
 
 (); 
  
 let 
  
 filter 
 ; 
  
 if 
  
 ( 
 customFilter 
  
 !== 
  
 '' 
 ) 
  
 { 
  
 filter 
  
 = 
  
 customFilter 
 ; 
  
 } 
  
 else 
  
 { 
  
 filter 
  
 = 
  
 'operationType="compute.instances.preempted"' 
 ; 
  
 if 
  
 ( 
 instanceName 
  
 !== 
  
 '' 
 ) 
  
 { 
  
 filter 
  
 += 
  
 ` AND targetLink="https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/ 
 ${ 
 projectId 
 } 
 /zones/ 
 ${ 
 zone 
 } 
 /instances/ 
 ${ 
 instanceName 
 } 
 "` 
 ; 
  
 } 
  
 } 
  
 const 
  
 [ 
 operationsList 
 ] 
  
 = 
  
 await 
  
 zoneOperationsClient 
 . 
 list 
 ({ 
  
 project 
 : 
  
 projectId 
 , 
  
 zone 
 , 
  
 filter 
 , 
  
 }); 
  
 for 
  
 ( 
 const 
  
 operation 
  
 of 
  
 operationsList 
 ) 
  
 { 
  
 const 
  
 thisInstanceName 
  
 = 
  
 operation 
 . 
 targetLink 
 . 
 split 
 ( 
 '/' 
 ). 
 pop 
 (); 
  
 if 
  
 ( 
 thisInstanceName 
  
 === 
  
 instanceName 
 ) 
  
 { 
  
 // The filter used is not 100% accurate, it's `contains` not `equals` 
  
 // So we need to check the name to make sure it's the one we want. 
  
 console 
 . 
 log 
 ( 
 `- 
 ${ 
 instanceName 
 } 
  
 ${ 
 operation 
 . 
 insertTime 
 } 
 ` 
 ); 
  
 } 
  
 } 
 } 
 preemptionHistory 
 ();

Python

Before trying this sample, follow the Python setup instructions in the Compute Engine quickstart using client libraries . For more information, see the Compute Engine Python API reference documentation .

To authenticate to Compute Engine, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Set up authentication for a local development environment .

  from 
  
 __future__ 
  
 import 
 annotations 
 import 
  
 datetime 
 from 
  
 google.cloud 
  
 import 
 compute_v1 
 from 
  
 google.cloud.compute_v1.services.zone_operations 
  
 import 
 pagers 
 def 
  
 list_zone_operations 
 ( 
 project_id 
 : 
 str 
 , 
 zone 
 : 
 str 
 , 
 filter 
 : 
 str 
 = 
 "" 
 ) 
 - 
> pagers 
 . 
 ListPager 
 : 
  
 """ 
 List all recent operations the happened in given zone in a project. Optionally filter those 
 operations by providing a filter. More about using the filter can be found here: 
 https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/reference/rest/v1/zoneOperations/list 
 Args: 
 project_id: project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to use. 
 zone: name of the zone you want to use. For example: "us-west3-b" 
 filter: filter string to be used for this listing operation. 
 Returns: 
 List of preemption operations in given zone. 
 """ 
 operation_client 
 = 
 compute_v1 
 . 
 ZoneOperationsClient 
 () 
 request 
 = 
 compute_v1 
 . 
 ListZoneOperationsRequest 
 () 
 request 
 . 
 project 
 = 
 project_id 
 request 
 . 
 zone 
 = 
 zone 
 request 
 . 
 filter 
 = 
 filter 
 return 
 operation_client 
 . 
 list 
 ( 
 request 
 ) 
 def 
  
 preemption_history 
 ( 
 project_id 
 : 
 str 
 , 
 zone 
 : 
 str 
 , 
 instance_name 
 : 
 str 
 = 
 None 
 ) 
 - 
> list 
 [ 
 tuple 
 [ 
 str 
 , 
 datetime 
 . 
 datetime 
 ]]: 
  
 """ 
 Get a list of preemption operations from given zone in a project. Optionally limit 
 the results to instance name. 
 Args: 
 project_id: project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to use. 
 zone: name of the zone you want to use. For example: "us-west3-b" 
 instance_name: name of the virtual machine to look for. 
 Returns: 
 List of preemption operations in given zone. 
 """ 
 if 
 instance_name 
 : 
 filter 
 = 
 ( 
 f 
 'operationType="compute.instances.preempted" ' 
 f 
 "AND targetLink:instances/ 
 { 
 instance_name 
 } 
 " 
 ) 
 else 
 : 
 filter 
 = 
 'operationType="compute.instances.preempted"' 
 history 
 = 
 [] 
 for 
 operation 
 in 
 list_zone_operations 
 ( 
 project_id 
 , 
 zone 
 , 
 filter 
 ): 
 this_instance_name 
 = 
 operation 
 . 
 target_link 
 . 
 rsplit 
 ( 
 "/" 
 , 
 maxsplit 
 = 
 1 
 )[ 
 1 
 ] 
 if 
 instance_name 
 and 
 this_instance_name 
 == 
 instance_name 
 : 
 # The filter used is not 100% accurate, it's `contains` not `equals` 
 # So we need to check the name to make sure it's the one we want. 
 moment 
 = 
 datetime 
 . 
 datetime 
 . 
 fromisoformat 
 ( 
 operation 
 . 
 insert_time 
 ) 
 history 
 . 
 append 
 (( 
 instance_name 
 , 
 moment 
 )) 
 return 
 history

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Code sample

Go

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Node.js

Python

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List preemption history of a Google Compute Engine instance