Unless otherwise configured, the client libraries useApplication Default Credentialsto authenticate with Google Cloud Services. While this works for most applications, in some cases you may need to override this default. You can do so by providing theUnifiedCredentialsOptionThe following example shows how to explicitly load a service account key file:
[](std::string const& keyfile) {
auto is = std::ifstream(keyfile);
is.exceptions(std::ios::badbit); // Minimal error handling in examples
auto contents = std::string(std::istreambuf_iterator<char>(is.rdbuf()), {});
auto options =
google::cloud::Options{}.set<google::cloud::UnifiedCredentialsOption>(
google::cloud::MakeServiceAccountCredentials(contents));
return google::cloud::profiler_v2::ProfilerServiceClient(
google::cloud::profiler_v2::MakeProfilerServiceConnection(options));
}
[[["Easy to understand","easyToUnderstand","thumb-up"],["Solved my problem","solvedMyProblem","thumb-up"],["Other","otherUp","thumb-up"]],[["Hard to understand","hardToUnderstand","thumb-down"],["Incorrect information or sample code","incorrectInformationOrSampleCode","thumb-down"],["Missing the information/samples I need","missingTheInformationSamplesINeed","thumb-down"],["Other","otherDown","thumb-down"]],["Last updated 2025-09-04 UTC."],[[["\u003cp\u003eThe webpage provides documentation for various versions of the profiler, ranging from version 2.11.0 up to the latest release candidate 2.37.0-rc.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eThe primary content of the page explains how to override the default Application Default Credentials (ADC) used by client libraries for authentication with Google Cloud Services.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eOverriding default credentials can be accomplished using the \u003ccode\u003eUnifiedCredentialsOption\u003c/code\u003e, as demonstrated in the example using a service account key file.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eThe provided example demonstrates the process of explicitly loading a service account key file to override default credentials, and it recommends further study of best practices for service account key management.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eThe page includes a link to the "Authentication Components" documentation for additional information on creating \u003ccode\u003egoogle::cloud::Credentials\u003c/code\u003e objects.\u003c/p\u003e\n"]]],[],null,["Version 2.15.1keyboard_arrow_down\n\n- [2.42.0-rc (latest)](/cpp/docs/reference/profiler/latest/profiler-override-authentication)\n- [2.41.0](/cpp/docs/reference/profiler/2.41.0/profiler-override-authentication)\n- [2.40.0](/cpp/docs/reference/profiler/2.40.0/profiler-override-authentication)\n- [2.39.0](/cpp/docs/reference/profiler/2.39.0/profiler-override-authentication)\n- [2.38.0](/cpp/docs/reference/profiler/2.38.0/profiler-override-authentication)\n- [2.37.0](/cpp/docs/reference/profiler/2.37.0/profiler-override-authentication)\n- [2.36.0](/cpp/docs/reference/profiler/2.36.0/profiler-override-authentication)\n- [2.35.0](/cpp/docs/reference/profiler/2.35.0/profiler-override-authentication)\n- [2.34.0](/cpp/docs/reference/profiler/2.34.0/profiler-override-authentication)\n- [2.33.0](/cpp/docs/reference/profiler/2.33.0/profiler-override-authentication)\n- [2.32.0](/cpp/docs/reference/profiler/2.32.0/profiler-override-authentication)\n- [2.31.0](/cpp/docs/reference/profiler/2.31.0/profiler-override-authentication)\n- [2.30.0](/cpp/docs/reference/profiler/2.30.0/profiler-override-authentication)\n- [2.29.0](/cpp/docs/reference/profiler/2.29.0/profiler-override-authentication)\n- [2.28.0](/cpp/docs/reference/profiler/2.28.0/profiler-override-authentication)\n- [2.27.0](/cpp/docs/reference/profiler/2.27.0/profiler-override-authentication)\n- [2.26.0](/cpp/docs/reference/profiler/2.26.0/profiler-override-authentication)\n- [2.25.1](/cpp/docs/reference/profiler/2.25.1/profiler-override-authentication)\n- [2.24.0](/cpp/docs/reference/profiler/2.24.0/profiler-override-authentication)\n- [2.23.0](/cpp/docs/reference/profiler/2.23.0/profiler-override-authentication)\n- [2.22.1](/cpp/docs/reference/profiler/2.22.1/profiler-override-authentication)\n- [2.21.0](/cpp/docs/reference/profiler/2.21.0/profiler-override-authentication)\n- [2.20.0](/cpp/docs/reference/profiler/2.20.0/profiler-override-authentication)\n- [2.19.0](/cpp/docs/reference/profiler/2.19.0/profiler-override-authentication)\n- [2.18.0](/cpp/docs/reference/profiler/2.18.0/profiler-override-authentication)\n- [2.17.0](/cpp/docs/reference/profiler/2.17.0/profiler-override-authentication)\n- [2.16.0](/cpp/docs/reference/profiler/2.16.0/profiler-override-authentication)\n- [2.15.1](/cpp/docs/reference/profiler/2.15.1/profiler-override-authentication)\n- [2.14.0](/cpp/docs/reference/profiler/2.14.0/profiler-override-authentication)\n- [2.13.0](/cpp/docs/reference/profiler/2.13.0/profiler-override-authentication)\n- [2.12.0](/cpp/docs/reference/profiler/2.12.0/profiler-override-authentication)\n- [2.11.0](/cpp/docs/reference/profiler/2.11.0/profiler-override-authentication) \n\nHow to Override the Authentication Credentials\n==============================================\n\nUnless otherwise configured, the client libraries use [Application Default Credentials](https://cloud.google.com/docs/authentication#adc) to authenticate with Google Cloud Services. While this works for most applications, in some cases you may need to override this default. You can do so by providing the [UnifiedCredentialsOption](https://cloud.google.com/cpp/docs/reference/common/latest/structgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1UnifiedCredentialsOption.html) The following example shows how to explicitly load a service account key file: \n\n [](std::string const& keyfile) {\n auto is = std::ifstream(keyfile);\n is.exceptions(std::ios::badbit); // Minimal error handling in examples\n auto contents = std::string(std::istreambuf_iterator\u003cchar\u003e(is.rdbuf()), {});\n auto options =\n google::cloud::Options{}.set\u003cgoogle::cloud::UnifiedCredentialsOption\u003e(\n google::cloud::MakeServiceAccountCredentials(contents));\n return google::cloud::profiler_v2::ProfilerServiceClient(\n google::cloud::profiler_v2::MakeProfilerServiceConnection(options));\n }\n\nKeep in mind that we chose this as an example because it is relatively easy to understand. Consult the [Best practices for managing service account keys](https://cloud.google.com/iam/docs/best-practices-for-managing-service-account-keys) guide for more details.\n\n###### See Also\n\n[Authentication Components](https://cloud.google.com/cpp/docs/reference/common/latest/group__guac.html) - for more information on the factory functions to create [`google::cloud::Credentials`](https://cloud.google.com/cpp/docs/reference/common/latest/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1Credentials.html) objects."]]