The tables below list the phonemes and levels of stress available for each
language that supports the <phoneme>
SSML tag. You can use the table of
contents at the right of this page to navigate to your language. For more
information on using the <phoneme>
SSML tag, see the SSML reference
documentation.
English (United States), en-US
Phonemes
| IPA Phoneme | X-SAMPA Phoneme | Example Word | IPA | X-SAMPA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
p
|
p | popular | ˈpɑːpjəlɚ | "pA:pj@l@` |
|
b
|
b | bubble | ˈbʌbəl | "bVb@l |
|
t
|
t | tinker | ˈtɪŋkɚ | "tINk@` |
|
d
|
d | dog | ˈdɑːg | "dA:g |
|
k
|
k | crown | ˈkɹaʊn | "kr\aUn |
|
ɡ
|
g | gravely | ˈgɹeɪˌvliː | "gr\eI%vli: |
|
m
|
m | mapping | ˈmæpəŋ | "m{p@N |
|
n
|
n | nine | ˈnaɪn | "naIn |
|
ŋ
|
N | bank | ˈbæŋk | "b{Nk |
|
f
|
f | frog | ˈfɹɑːg | "fr\A:g |
|
v
|
v | valve | ˈvælv | "v{lv |
|
s
|
s | massage | məˈsɑːʒ | m@"sA:Z |
|
z
|
z | zoom | ˈzuːm | "zu:m |
|
θ
|
T | thigh | ˈθaɪ | "TaI |
|
ð
|
D | mother | ˈmʌðɚ | "mVD@` |
|
ʃ
|
S | shopping | ˈʃɑːpəŋ | "SA:p@N |
|
ʒ
|
Z | leisure | ˈliːʒɚ | "li:Z@ |
|
h
|
h | mahogany | məˈhɑːgəˌniː | m@"hA:g@%ni: |
|
l
|
l | lately | ˈleɪtˌliː | "leIt%li: |
|
ɹ
|
r\ | roaring | ˈɹɔːɹəŋ | "r\O:r\@N |
|
ʧ
|
tS | changed | ˈʧeɪnʤd | "tSeIndZd |
|
ʤ
|
dZ | magenta | məˈʤɛntə | m@"dZEnt@ |
|
j
|
j | younger | ˈjʌŋgɚ | "jVNg@` |
|
w
|
w | whirlwind | ˈwɚlˌwɪnd | "w@`l%wInd |
|
æ
|
{ | cat | ˈkæt | "k{t |
|
ɑː
|
A: | cot | ˈkɑːt | "kA:t |
|
ə
|
@ | again | əˈgɛn | @"gEn |
|
ɚ
|
@` | bird | ˈbɚd | "b@`d |
|
ɛ
|
E | bed | ˈbɛd | "bEd |
|
ɪ
|
I | kit | ˈkɪt | "kIt |
|
iː
|
i: | unique | ˌjuːˈniːk | %ju:"ni:k |
|
ɔː
|
O: | more | ˈmɔːɹ | "mO:r\ |
|
ʊ
|
U | could | ˈkʊd | "kUd |
|
uː
|
u: | school | ˈskuːl | "sku:l |
|
ʌ
|
V | pulse | ˈpʌls | "pVls |
|
aɪ
|
aI | price | ˈpɹaɪs | "pr\aIs |
|
aʊ
|
aU | flower | ˈflaʊɚ | "flaU@` |
|
eɪ
|
eI | shade | ˈʃeɪd | "SeId |
|
ɔɪ
|
OI | choice | ˈʧɔɪs | "tSOIs |
|
oʊ
|
oU | boat | ˈboʊt | "boUt |
Levels of stress
| Symbol | IPA | X-SAMPA |
|---|---|---|
|
Primary stress
|
ˈ | " |
|
Secondary stress
|
ˌ | % |
|
Syllable boundary
|
. | . |
English (United Kingdom), en-GB
Phonemes
| IPA Phoneme | X-SAMPA Phoneme | Example Word | IPA | X-SAMPA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
p
|
p | popular | ˈpɒpjələ | "pQpj@l@ |
|
b
|
b | bubble | ˈbʌbəl | "bVb@l |
|
t
|
t | tinker | ˈtɪŋkə | "tINk@ |
|
d
|
d | Dundee | ˌdʌnˈdiː | %dVn"di: |
|
k
|
k | crown | ˈkɹaʊn | "kr\aUn |
|
ɡ
|
g | gravely | ˈgɹeɪˌvliː | "gr\eI%vli: |
|
m
|
m | mapping | ˈmæpəŋ | "m{p@N |
|
n
|
n | nine | ˈnaɪn | "naIn |
|
ŋ
|
N | bank | ˈbæŋk | "b{Nk |
|
f
|
f | frog | ˈfɹɒg | "fr\Qg |
|
v
|
v | valve | ˈvælv | "v{lv |
|
s
|
s | massage | məˈsɑːʒ | m@"sA:Z |
|
z
|
z | zoom | ˈzuːm | "zu:m |
|
θ
|
T | thigh | ˈθaɪ | "TaI |
|
ð
|
D | mother | ˈmʌðə | "mVD@ |
|
ʃ
|
S | shopping | ˈʃɒpəŋ | "SQp@N |
|
ʒ
|
Z | leisure | ˈlɛʒə | "lEZ@ |
|
h
|
h | mahogany | məˈhɒgəˌniː | m@"hQg@%ni: |
|
l
|
l | lately | ˈleɪtˌliː | "leIt%li: |
|
ɹ
|
r\ | roaring | ˈɹɔːɹəŋ | "r\O:r\@N |
|
ʧ
|
tS | changed | ˈʧeɪnʤd | "tSeIndZd |
|
ʤ
|
dZ | magenta | məˈʤɛntə | m@"dZEnt@ |
|
j
|
j | younger | ˈjʌŋgə | "jVNg@ |
|
w
|
w | whirlwind | ˈwɜːlˌwɪnd | "w3:l%wInd |
|
æ
|
{ | cat | ˈkæt | "k{t |
|
ɑː
|
A: | car | ˈkɑː | "kA: |
|
ə
|
@ | again | əˈgɛn | @"gEn |
|
ɛ
|
E | bed | ˈbɛd | "bEd |
|
ɪ
|
I | kit | ˈkɪt | "kIt |
|
iː
|
i: | unique | ˌjuːˈniːk | %ju:"ni:k |
|
ɒ
|
Q | yacht | ˈjɒt | "jQt |
|
ɔː
|
O: | caught | ˈkɔːt | "kO:t |
|
ʊ
|
U | could | ˈkʊd | "kUd |
|
uː
|
u: | school | ˈskuːl | "sku:l |
|
ʌ
|
V | pulse | ˈpʌls | "pVls |
|
ɜː
|
3: | nurse | ˈnɜːs | "n3:s |
|
aɪ
|
aI | price | ˈpɹaɪs | "pr\aIs |
|
aʊ
|
aU | flower | ˈflaʊə | "flaU@ |
|
eɪ
|
eI | shade | ˈʃeɪd | "SeId |
|
eə
|
e@ | square | ˈskweə | "skwe@ |
|
iə
|
i@ | near | ˈniə | "ni@ |
|
ɔɪ
|
OI | choice | ˈʧɔɪs | "tSOIs |
|
əʊ
|
@U | boat | ˈbəʊt | "b@Ut |
|
ʊə
|
U@ | cure | ˈkjʊə | "kjU@ |
Levels of stress
| Symbol | IPA | X-SAMPA |
|---|---|---|
|
Primary stress
|
ˈ | " |
|
Secondary stress
|
ˌ | % |
|
Syllable boundary
|
. | . |
English (Australia), en-AU
Phonemes
| IPA Phoneme | X-SAMPA Phoneme | Example Word | IPA | X-SAMPA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
p
|
p | popular | ˈpɒpjələ | "pQpj@l@ |
|
b
|
b | bubble | ˈbɐbəl | "b6b@l |
|
t
|
t | tinker | ˈtɪŋkə | "tINk@ |
|
d
|
d | dog | ˈdɒg | "dQg |
|
k
|
k | crown | ˈkɹaʊn | "kr\aUn |
|
ɡ
|
g | gravely | ˈgɹeɪˌvliː | "gr\eI%vli: |
|
m
|
m | mapping | ˈmæpəŋ | "m{p@N |
|
n
|
n | nine | ˈnaɪn | "naIn |
|
ŋ
|
N | bank | ˈbæŋk | "b{Nk |
|
f
|
f | frog | ˈfɹɒg | "fr\Qg |
|
v
|
v | valve | ˈvælv | "v{lv |
|
s
|
s | massage | ˈmæˌsɐːʒ | "m{\%s6:Z |
|
z
|
z | zoom | ˈzuːm | "zu:m |
|
θ
|
T | thigh | ˈθaɪ | "TaI |
|
ð
|
D | mother | ˈmɐðə | "m6D@ |
|
ʃ
|
S | shopping | ˈʃɒpəŋ | "SQp@N |
|
ʒ
|
Z | leisure | ˈlɛʒə | "lEZ@ |
|
h
|
h | mahogany | məˈhɒgəˌniː | m@"hQg@%ni: |
|
l
|
l | lately | ˈleɪtˌliː | "leIt%li: |
|
ɹ
|
r\ | roaring | ˈɹɔːɹəŋ | "r\O:r\@N |
|
ʧ
|
tS | changed | ˈʧeɪnʤd | "tSeIndZd |
|
ʤ
|
dZ | magenta | məˈʤɛntə | m@"dZEnt@ |
|
j
|
j | younger | ˈjɐŋgə | "j6Ng@ |
|
w
|
w | whirlwind | ˈwɜːlˌwɪnd | "w3:l%wInd |
|
æ
|
{ | trap | ˈtɹæp | "tr\{p |
|
æː
|
{: | bad | ˈbæːd | "b{:d |
|
ɐ
|
6 | strut | ˈstɹɐt | "str\6t |
|
ɐː
|
6: | bath | ˈbɐːθ | "b6:T |
|
ə
|
@ | letter | ˈlɛtə | "lEt@ |
|
ɛ
|
E | dress | ˌdɹɛs | "dr\Es |
|
ɪ
|
I | kit | ˈkɪt | "kIt |
|
iː
|
i: | fleece | ˈfliːs | "fli:s |
|
ɒ
|
Q | lot | ˈlɒt | "lQt |
|
ɔː
|
O: | north | ˈnɔːθ | "nO:T |
|
ʊ
|
U | foot | ˈfʊt | "fUt |
|
uː
|
u: | goose | ˈguːs | "gu:s |
|
ɜː
|
3: | nurse | ˈnɜːs | "n3:s |
|
aɪ
|
aI | price | ˈpɹaɪs | "pr\aIs |
|
aʊ
|
aU | flower | ˈflaʊə | "flaU@ |
|
eɪ
|
eI | shade | ˈʃeɪd | "SeId |
|
eə
|
e@ | square | ˈskweə | "skwe@ |
|
iə
|
i@ | near | ˈniə | "ni@ |
|
ɔɪ
|
OI | choice | ˈʧɔɪs | "tSOIs |
|
əʊ
|
@U | boat | ˈbəʊt | "b@Ut |
|
ʊə
|
U@ | cure | ˈkjʊə | "kjU@ |
Levels of stress
| Symbol | IPA | X-SAMPA |
|---|---|---|
|
Primary stress
|
ˈ | " |
|
Secondary stress
|
ˌ | % |
|
Syllable boundary
|
. | . |
English (India), en-IN
Phonemes
| IPA Phoneme | X-SAMPA Phoneme | Example Word | X-SAMPA | IPA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
p
|
p | prints | "pr\Int`s | ˈpɹɪnʈs |
|
b
|
b | baron | "b{r\@n | ˈbæɹən |
|
ʈ
|
t` | town | "t`aUn | ˈʈaʊn |
|
ɖ
|
d` | done | "d`Vn | ˈɖʌn |
|
k
|
k | crown | "kr\aUn | ˈkɹaʊn |
|
g
|
g | gravely | "gr\eIv%li: | ˈgɹeɪˌvliː |
|
gʰ
|
g_h | ghastly | "g_hAst`%li: | ˈgʰɑsʈˌliː |
|
f
|
f | mafia | "mA%fi:@ | ˈmɑˌfiːə |
|
v
|
v | valve wealth |
"v{lv "vElT |
ˈvælv ˈvɛlθ |
|
θ
|
T | thigh | "TaI | ˈθaɪ |
|
ð
|
D | mother | "mVD@ | ˈmʌðə |
|
s
|
s | massage | m@"sAdZ | məˈsɑdʒ |
|
z
|
z | zoom | "zu:m | ˈzuːm |
|
l
|
l | lately | "leIt`%li: | ˈleɪʈˌliː |
|
ɹ
|
r | roaring | "r\O:r\@N | ˈɹɔːɹəŋ |
|
ʧ
|
tS | changed | "tSeIndZd` | ˈtʃeɪndʒɖ |
|
ʤ
|
dZ | magenta | m@"dZEnt`@ | məˈdʒɛnʈə |
|
ʃ
|
S | shopping | "SQp@N | ˈʃɒpəŋ |
|
ʒ
|
Z | leisure | "lEZ@ | ˈlɛʒə |
|
j
|
j | young | "jVN | ˈjʌŋ |
|
n
|
n | never | "nEv@ | ˈnɛvə |
|
m
|
m | mapping | "m{p@N | ˈmæpəŋ |
|
ŋ
|
N | ping | "pIN | ˈpɪŋ |
|
h
|
h | honey | "hV%ni: | ˈhʌˌniː |
|
æ
|
{ | cat | "k{t` | ˈkɪʈ |
|
ɑ
|
A | car | "kA | ˈkɑ |
|
ɜ
|
3: | person | "p3:s@n | ˈpɜːsən |
|
aɪ
|
aI | cry | "kr\aI | ˈkɹaɪ |
|
aʊ
|
aU | how | "haU | ˈhaʊ |
|
ə
|
@ | again | @"gEn | əˈgɛn |
|
ɛ
|
E | bed | "bEd` | ˈbɛɖ |
|
eə
|
e@ | fair | "fe@ | ˈfeə |
|
e
|
eI | place | "pleIs | ˈpleɪs |
|
ɪ
|
I | kit | "kIt` | ˈkɪʈ |
|
ɪə
|
I@ | fear | "fI@ | ˈfɪə |
|
iː
|
i: | need | "ni:d` | ˈniːɖ |
|
ɔɪ
|
OI | boy | "bOI | ˈbɔɪ |
|
ɒ
|
Q | box | "bQks | ˈbɒks |
|
oː
|
O: | low | "lO: | ˈlɔː |
|
ʊ
|
U | good | "gUd` | ˈgʊɖ |
|
ʌ
|
V | numb shut |
"nVm "SVt` |
ˈnʌm ˈʃʌʈ |
|
uː
|
u: | who food |
"hu: "fu:d` |
ˈhuː ˈfuːɖ |
Levels of stress
| Symbol | IPA | X-SAMPA |
|---|---|---|
|
Primary stress
|
ˈ | " |
|
Secondary stress
|
ˌ | % |
|
Syllable boundary
|
. | . |
German (Germany), de-DE
Phonemes
| X-SAMPA | IPA | Example | X-SAMPA Transcription | IPA Transcription |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
p
|
p | Palme | "palm@ | ˈpalmə |
|
b
|
b | Baum | "baUm | ˈbaʊm |
|
t
|
t | Südost | %zyt"Ost | ˌzytˈɔst |
|
d
|
d | Dorf | "dORf | ˈdɔʁf |
|
k
|
k | Kakao | %ka"kaU | ˌkaˈkaʊ |
|
g
|
g | Gast | "gast | ˈgast |
|
m
|
m | Murmel | "mURm@l | ˈmʊʁməl |
|
n
|
n | neun | "nOIn | ˈnɔɪn |
|
N
|
ŋ | singen | "zIN@n | ˈzɪŋən |
|
f
|
f | fünf | "fYnf | ˈfʏnf |
|
v
|
v | Waage | "va:g@ | ˈvaːgə |
|
s
|
s | Masse | "mas@ | ˈmasə |
|
z
|
z | Sonne | "zOn@ | ˈzɔnə |
|
T
|
θ | think | "TINk | ˈθɪŋk |
|
D
|
ð | although | %Ol"Do | ˌɔlˈðo |
|
S
|
ʃ | Schule | "Sul@ | ˈʃulə |
|
dZ
|
ʤ | Dschungel | "dZUN@l | ˈʤʊŋəl |
|
Z
|
ʒ | Garage | %ga"Ra:Z@ | ˌgaˈʁaːʒə |
|
h
|
h | Haus | "haUs | ˈhaʊs |
|
l
|
l | Weltall | "vEl%tal | ˈvɛlˌtal |
|
pf
|
pf | Pfeffer | "pfEf6 | ˈpfɛfɐ |
|
R
|
ʁ | Regentropfen | "Reg@n%tROpf@n | ˈʁegənˌtʁɔpfən |
|
tS
|
ʧ | Tschüss | "tSYs | ˈʧʏs |
|
ts
|
ʦ | Katze | "kats@ | ˈkatsə |
|
w
|
w | Watergate | "wOt6%gEjt | ˈwɔtɐˌgɛjt |
|
j
|
j | jung | "jUN | ˈjʊŋ |
|
x
|
x | Buch | "bux | ˈbux |
|
C
|
ç | sprechen | "SpREC@n | ˈspʁɛçən |
|
a
|
a | Kamm | "kam | ˈkam |
|
a:
|
aː | kam | "ka:m | ˈkaːm |
|
@
|
ə | Beute | "bOIt@ | ˈbɔltə |
|
6
|
ɐ | Kinder | "kInd6 | ˈkɪndɐ |
|
E
|
ɛ | Bett | "bEt | ˈbɛt |
|
e
|
e | Mehl | "mel | ˈmel |
|
I
|
ɪ | Mitte | "mIt@ | ˈmɪtə |
|
i:
|
iː | ihn | "i:n | ˈiːn |
|
y
|
y | Bühne | "byn@ | ˈbynə |
|
Y
|
ʏ | Mütze | "mYts@ | ˈmʏtsə |
|
O
|
ɔ | noch | "nOx | ˈnɔx |
|
o
|
o | oben | "ob@n | ˈobən |
|
9
|
œ | möchte | "m9Ct@ | ˈmœçtə |
|
8
|
ɵ | schön | "S8n | ˈʃɵn |
|
U
|
ʊ | Mutter | "mUt6 | ˈmʊtɐ |
|
u
|
u | Uhr | "uR | ˈuʁ |
|
aI
|
aɪ | Eis | "aIs | ˈaɪs |
|
aU
|
aʊ | Haus | "haUs | ˈhaʊs |
|
OI
|
ɔɪ | Häuser | "hOIz6 | ˈhɔlzɐ |
Levels of stress
| Symbol | IPA | X-SAMPA |
|---|---|---|
|
Primary stress
|
ˈ | " |
|
Secondary stress
|
ˌ | % |
|
Syllable boundary
|
. | . |
Spanish (Spain), es-ES
Phonemes
| X-SAMPA Phoneme | IPA Phoneme | Example Word | X-SAMPA | IPA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
p
|
p | pelo | "pelo | ˈpelo |
|
t
|
t | tela | "tela | ˈtela |
|
k
|
k | casa | "kasa | ˈkasa |
|
b
|
b | bobo | "bobo | ˈbobo |
|
d
|
d | dedo | "dedo | ˈdedo |
|
g
|
ɡ | gagá | ga"ga | gaˈga |
|
f
|
f | foca | "foka | ˈfoka |
|
T
|
θ | cielo | "Tjelo | ˈθjelo |
|
s
|
s | soso | "soso | ˈsoso |
|
j
|
j | yo | "jo | ˈjo |
|
x
|
x | jota | "xota | ˈxota |
|
tS
|
ʧ | churro | "tSuro | ˈtʃuro |
|
l
|
l | lento | "lento | ˈlento |
|
L
|
ʎ | lluvia | "Lubja | ˈʎubja |
|
m
|
m | mano | "mano | ˈmano |
|
n
|
n | mano | "mano | ˈmano |
|
J
|
ɲ | ñoño | "JoJo | ˈɲoɲo |
|
4
|
ɾ | pero dar |
"pe4o "da4 |
ˈpeɾo ˈdaɾ |
|
r
|
r | rata perro |
"rata "pero |
ˈrata ˈpero |
|
a
|
a | cala | "kala | ˈkala |
|
e
|
e | tele | "tele | ˈtele |
|
i
|
i | pirueta | pi4"weta | piɾˈweta |
|
o
|
o | cordura | ko4"du4a | koɾˈduɾa |
|
u
|
u | documentar | dokumen"ta4 | dokumenˈtaɾ |
|
ai
|
ai | jamaicanos | xamai"kanos | xamaiˈkanos |
|
au
|
au | restaurante | restau"4ante | restauˈɾante |
|
ei
|
ei | aceituna | aTei"tuna | aθeiˈtuna |
|
eu
|
eu | euro | "eu4o | ˈeuɾo |
|
oi
|
oi | hoy | "oi | ˈoi |
|
ou
|
ou | roupeiro | rou"pei4o | rouˈpeiɾo |
Levels of stress
| Symbol | IPA | X-SAMPA |
|---|---|---|
|
Primary stress
|
ˈ | " |
|
Syllable boundary
|
. | . |
Spanish (United States), es-US
Phonemes
| X-SAMPA Phoneme | IPA Phoneme | Example Word | X-SAMPA | IPA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
p
|
p | pelo | "pelo | ˈpelo |
|
t
|
t | tela | "tela | ˈtela |
|
k
|
k | casa | "kasa | ˈkasa |
|
b
|
b | bobo | "bobo | ˈbobo |
|
d
|
d | dedo | "dedo | ˈdedo |
|
g
|
g | gagá | ga"ga | gaˈga |
|
f
|
f | foca | "foka | ˈfoka |
|
v
|
v | voice | "vois | ˈvois |
|
s
|
s | soso cielo |
"soso "sjelo |
ˈsoso ˈsjelo |
|
z
|
z | president zoo |
"pr\ezid@nt | ˈpɹezidənt |
|
S
|
ʃ | shopping | "SopiN | ˈʃopiŋ |
|
T
|
θ | thorn | "Tor\n | ˈθoɹn |
|
D
|
ð | father | "faD@r\ | ˈfaðəɹ |
|
x
|
x | jota | "xota | ˈxota |
|
dZ
|
dʒ | jennifer | "dZenif@r\ | ˈdʒenifəɹ |
|
tS
|
ʧ | churro | "tSuro | ˈtʃuro |
|
l
|
l | lento | "lento | ˈlento |
|
m
|
m | mano | "mano | ˈmano |
|
n
|
n | mano | "mano | ˈmano |
|
J
|
ɲ | ñoño | "JoJo | ˈɲoɲo |
|
N
|
ŋ | song | "soN | ˈsoŋ |
|
4
|
ɾ | pero dar |
"pe4o "da4 |
ˈpeɾo ˈdaɾ |
|
r
|
r | rata perro |
"rata "pero |
ˈrata ˈpero |
|
r\
|
ɹ | car | "kar\ | ˈkaɹ |
|
j
|
j | yo | "jo | ˈjo |
|
w
|
w | water | "wot@r\ | ˈwotəɹ |
|
@
|
ə | "gug@l | ˈgugəl | |
|
a
|
a | cala | "kala | ˈkala |
|
e
|
e | tele | "tele | ˈtele |
|
i
|
i | pirueta | pi4"weta | piɾˈweta |
|
o
|
o | cordura | ko4"du4a | koɾˈduɾa |
|
u
|
u | documentar | dokumen"ta4 | dokumenˈtaɾ |
|
ai
|
ai | hay | xamai"kanos | xamaiˈkanos |
|
au
|
au | pausa | restau"4ante | restauˈɾante |
|
ei
|
ei | aceituna | asei"tuna | aseiˈtuna |
|
eu
|
eu | euro | "eu4o | ˈeuɾo |
|
oi
|
oi | hoy | "oi | ˈoi |
|
ou
|
ou | roupeiro | rou"pei4o | rouˈpeiɾo |
Levels of stress
| Symbol | IPA | X-SAMPA |
|---|---|---|
|
Primary stress
|
ˈ | " |
|
Syllable boundary
|
. | . |
Filipino (Philippines), fil-PH
Phonemes
| X-SAMPA Phoneme | IPA Phoneme | Example Word | X-SAMPA | IPA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
p
|
p | pito | "pitU | ˈpitʊ |
|
b
|
b | buto | "bUtU | ˈbʊtʊ |
|
t
|
t | tiyan | ti"jan | tiˈjan |
|
d
|
d | adya | ?ad"ja? | ʔadˈjaʔ |
|
k
|
k | kapit | "kapit | ˈkapit |
|
g
|
g | gata | ga"ta? | gaˈtaʔ |
|
?
|
ʔ | ilaw | "?ilau | ˈʔilau |
|
m
|
m | mata | ma"ta | maˈta |
|
n
|
n | niya | ni"ja | niˈja |
|
J
|
ɲ | kolonya | ko"loJa | koˈloɲa |
|
N
|
ŋ | ngipin | "Nipin | ˈŋipin |
|
s
|
s | siyam | si"jam | siˈjam |
|
S
|
ʃ | konsensya | kon"sEnSa | konˈsɛnʃa |
|
h
|
h | haba | "haba? | ˈhabaʔ |
|
tS
|
ʧ | tsaka | tSa"ka | tʃaˈka |
|
dZ
|
dʒ | Diego | "dZEgo | ˈdʒɛgo |
|
4
|
r | rurok | "4U4Uk | ˈɾʊɾʊk |
|
l
|
l | lamay | "lamai | ˈlamai |
|
j
|
j | yanig | "janig | ˈjanig |
|
w
|
w | wala | wa"la? | waˈlaʔ |
|
a
|
a | aso | "?asU | ˈʔasʊ |
|
E
|
e | ewan | "?Ewan | ˈʔɛwan |
|
i
|
i | iwan | "?iwan | ˈʔiwan |
|
o
|
o | oyayi | ?o"jaji | ʔoˈjaji |
|
U
|
u | upuan | ?UpU"?an | ʔʊpʊˈʔan |
|
ai
|
ai | bahay | "bahai | ˈbahai |
|
ui
|
ui | abuloy | ?a"bUlui | ʔaˈbʊlui |
|
au
|
au | galaw | ga"lau | gaˈlau |
|
iu
|
iu | baliw | ba"liu | baˈliu |
Levels of stress
| Symbol | IPA | X-SAMPA |
|---|---|---|
|
Primary stress
|
ˈ | " |
|
Syllable boundary
|
. | . |
French (France), fr-FR
Phonemes
| X-SAMPA Phoneme | IPA Phoneme | Example word | X-SAMPA | IPA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
b
|
b | beau | bo | bo |
|
d
|
d | dodu | dody | dody |
|
f
|
f | fil | fil | fil |
|
g
|
g | gâteau | gato | gato |
|
?
|
ʔ | haricot | ?aRiko | ʔaʁiko |
|
k
|
k | cassé | kase | kase |
|
l
|
l | loi | lwa | lwa |
|
m
|
m | mou | mu | mu |
|
n
|
n | nounou | nunu | nunu |
|
p
|
p | poli | poli | poli |
|
R
|
ʁ | carré | kaRe | kaʁe |
|
S
|
ʃ | chat | Sa | ʃa |
|
s
|
s | savon | savO~ | savɔ̃ |
|
t
|
t | tri | tRi | tʁi |
|
v
|
v | vallée | vale | vale |
|
Z
|
ʒ | jouet | ZuE | ʒuɛ |
|
z
|
z | prison | pRizO~ | pʁizɔ̃ |
|
a
|
a | salé | sale | sale |
|
E
|
ɛ | cher | SER | ʃɛʁ |
|
e
|
e | parlé | paRle | paʁle |
|
i
|
i | midi | midi | midi |
|
O
|
ɔ | sort | sOR | sɔʁ |
|
o
|
o | bateau | bato | bato |
|
u
|
u | nougat | nuga | nuga |
|
y
|
y | bu | by | by |
|
2
|
ø | peu | p2 | pø |
|
9
|
œ | neuf | n9f | nœf |
|
@
|
ə | apprenez jeûnaient |
apR@ne Z@nEt |
apʁəne ʒənɛt |
|
A~
|
ɑ̃ | gant | gA~ | gɑ̃ |
|
E~
|
ɛ̃ | main | mE~ | mɛ̃ |
|
O~
|
ɔ̃ | savon | savO~ | savɔ̃ |
Levels of stress
| Symbol | IPA | X-SAMPA |
|---|---|---|
|
Syllable boundary
|
. | . |
French (Canada), fr-CA
Phonemes
| X-SAMPA Phoneme | IPA Phoneme | Example | X-SAMPA | IPA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
b
|
b | bas | bA | bɑ |
|
d
|
d | aida | i:dA | iːdɑ |
|
f
|
f | alpha | alfA | alfɑ |
|
g
|
g | gars | gA | gɑ |
|
?
|
ʔ | hâte | ?At@ | ʔɑtə |
|
H
|
ɥ | lui | lHi | lɥi |
|
j
|
j | oeil | 9j | œj |
|
k
|
k | cas | kA | kɑ |
|
l
|
l | là | lA | lɑ |
|
m
|
m | mat | mA | mɑ |
|
n
|
n | nounou | nunu | nunu |
|
p
|
p | pas | pA | pɑ |
|
R
|
ʁ | carré | kARe | kɑʁe |
|
s
|
s | plaça | plasA | plasɑ |
|
S
|
ʃ | chat | SA | ʃɑ |
|
t
|
t | tas | tA | tas |
|
v
|
v | va | vA | vɑ |
|
w
|
w | Louis | lwi | lwi |
|
z
|
z | plaza | plazA | plazɑ |
|
Z
|
ʒ | jardin | ZaRdE~ | ʒaʁdɛ̃ |
|
h
|
h | Whitehorse | ?wajthOrs | ʔwajthɔrs |
|
5
|
ɫ | Devils | dEv95z | dɛvœɫz |
|
r
|
r | Rogers | rOdZ9rz | rɔdʒœrz |
|
a
|
a | patte | pat@ | patə |
|
a:
|
aː | Danny | da:ni | daːni |
|
A
|
ɑ | pâte | pAt@ | pɑtə |
|
A~
|
ɑ̃ | gant | gA~ | gɑ̃ |
|
E
|
ɛ | faite | fEt@ | fɛtə |
|
E:
|
ɛː | fête | fE:t@ | fɛːtə |
|
e
|
e | parlé | paRle | paʁle |
|
E~
|
ɛ̃ | main | mE~ | mɛ̃ |
|
i
|
i | midi | midi | midi |
|
O
|
ɔ | sort | sOR | sɔʁ |
|
O~
|
ɔ̃ | savon | savO~ | savɔ̃ |
|
o
|
o | bateau | bato | bato |
|
u
|
u | nougat | nugA | nugɑ |
|
y
|
y | bu | by | by |
|
2
|
ø | peu | p2 | pø |
|
9
|
œ | neuf | n9f | nœf |
|
@
|
ə | acheter | aS@te | aʃəte |
|
i:
|
iː | bean | bi:n | biːn |
|
I
|
ɪ | Dylan | dIl9n | dɪlœn |
|
O:
|
ɔː | hockey | ?O:ke | ʔɔːke |
|
u:
|
uː | cool | ku:l | kuːl |
Levels of stress
| Symbol | IPA | X-SAMPA |
|---|---|---|
|
Syllable boundary
|
. | . |
Hindi (India), hi-IN
Phonemes
| X-SAMPA Phoneme | IPA Phoneme | Example word | X-SAMPA | IPA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
p
|
p | पंजाब | p@n"dZa:b | pənˈdʒaːb |
|
b
|
b | बादल | "ba:d_d@l | ˈbaːd̪əl |
|
b_h
|
bʰ | भारत | "b_ha:r@t_d | ˈbʰaːrət̪ |
|
t_d
|
t̪ | तबला | "t_d@bla: | ˈt̪əblaː |
|
t_d_h
|
t̪ʰ | थाली | "t_d_ha:lI: | ˈt̪ʰaːlɪː |
|
t`
|
ʈ | टमाटर | t`@"ma:t`@r | ʈəˈmaːʈər |
|
t`_h
|
ʈʰ | अठारह | @"t`_ha:r@h | əˈʈʰaːrəh |
|
d_d
|
d̪ | दाल | "d_da:l | ˈd̪aːl |
|
d_d_h
|
d̪ʰ | धूम | "d_d_hu:m | ˈd̪ʰuːm |
|
d`
|
ɖ | डमरू | "d`@mru: | ˈɖəmruː |
|
d`_h
|
ɖʰ | ढोलक | "d`_ho:l@k | ˈɖʰoːlək |
|
k
|
k | किताब | kI"t_da:b | kɪˈt̪aːb |
|
k_h
|
kʰ | खान | "k_ha:n | ˈkʰaːn |
|
g
|
g | गाय | "ga:e: | ˈgaːeː |
|
g_h
|
gʰ | घर | "g_h@r | ˈgʰər |
|
f
|
f | फल | "f@l | ˈfəl |
|
v\
|
ʋ | व्रत | "v\r@t_d | ˈʋrət̪ |
|
s
|
s | किस्मत | "kIsm@t_d | ˈkɪsmət̪ |
|
z
|
z | ज़हर | "zE:hE:r | ˈzɛːhɛːr |
|
l
|
l | लड़कियां | "l@r`kIja:~ | ˈləɽkɪjãː |
|
r
|
ɹ | रोक | "ro:k | ˈroːk |
|
r`
|
ɽ | कूड़ा | "ku:r`a: | ˈkuːɽaː |
|
tS
|
ʧ | चाय | "tSa:e: | ˈʧaːeː |
|
tS_h
|
ʧʰ | छांव | "tS_ha:~o: | ˈʧʰãːoː |
|
dZ
|
ʤ | जंगल | "dZ@ng@l | ˈdʒəngəl |
|
dZ_h
|
ʤʰ | मुझ | "mUdZ_h | ˈmʊdʒʰ |
|
S
|
ʃ | ख़ुश भाषा |
"k_hUS "b_ha:Sa: |
ˈkʰʊʃ ˈbʰaːʃaː |
|
j
|
j | योग | "jo:g | ˈjoːg |
|
n
|
n | नमक | "n@m@k | ˈnəmək |
|
m
|
m | मंत्र | "m@nt_dr@ | ˈmənt̪rə |
|
n`
|
ɳ | नारायण | na:"ra:j@n` | naːˈraːjəɳ |
|
N
|
ŋ | लंका | "l@nka: | ˈlənkaː |
|
h
|
h | होना | "ho:na: | ˈhoːnaː |
|
a:
|
a: | बात | "ba:t_d | ˈbaːt̪ |
|
a:~
|
ãː | लड़कियां | "l@r`kIja:~ | ˈləɽkɪjãː |
|
@
|
ə | अलग | "@l@g | ˈələg |
|
@~
|
ə̃ | हंसना | "h@~sna: | ˈhə̃snaː |
|
E:
|
ɛ | फैलाव | "fE:la:v\ | ˈfɛːlaːʋ |
|
e:
|
e | केला | "ke:la: | ˈkeːlaː |
|
e:~
|
ẽː | किताबें | kI"t_da:be:~ | kɪˈt̪aːbẽː |
|
E:~
|
ɛ̃ː | मैं | "mE:~ | ˈmɛ̃ː |
|
I
|
ɪ | इच्छा | "ItStS_ha: | ˈɪtʃtʃʰaː |
|
I:
|
iː | खीर | "k_hI:r | ˈkʰɪːr |
|
I:~
|
ĩː | नहीं | "n@hI:~ | ˈnəhɪ̃ː |
|
I~
|
ɪ̃ | सिंचाई | sI~"tSa:I: | sɪ̃ˈtʃaːɪː |
|
O:
|
ɔː | औरत | "O:r@t_d | ˈɔːrət̪ |
|
O:~
|
ɔ̃ː | भौं | "b_hO:~ | ˈbʰɔ̃ː |
|
o:
|
oː | ओखली | "o:k_hlI: | ˈoːkʰlɪː |
|
o:~
|
õː | क्यों | "kjo:~ | ˈkjõː |
|
U
|
ʊ | पुत्र | "pUt_dr | ˈpʊt̪r |
|
U~
|
ʊ̃ | मुंह | "mU~h | ˈmʊ̃h |
|
u:
|
uː | कबूतर | k@"b u:t_d@r | kəˈbuːt̪ər |
|
u:~
|
ũː | ऊंट | "u:~t` | ˈũːʈ |
Levels of stress
| Symbol | IPA | X-SAMPA |
|---|---|---|
|
Primary stress
|
ˈ | " |
|
Syllable boundary
|
. | . |
Indonesian (Indonesia), id-ID
Phonemes
| X-SAMPA Phoneme | IPA Phoneme | Example Word | X-SAMPA | IPA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
p
|
p | pagi | pagi | pagi |
|
t
|
t | takut | takut | takut |
|
k
|
k | kera | k@ra | kəra |
|
b
|
b | buku | buku | buku |
|
d
|
d | desa | desa | desa |
|
g
|
g | gigi | gigi | gigi |
|
?
|
ʔ | bapak | bapa? | bapaʔ |
|
f
|
f | sifat relevan |
sifat relefan |
sifat relefan |
|
s
|
s | sapi | sapi | sapi |
|
S
|
ʃ | syarat | Sarat | ʃarat |
|
x
|
x | khusus | xusus | xusus |
|
h
|
h | pohon | pohon | pohon |
|
l
|
l | luas | luas | luas |
|
j
|
j | bayi | baji | baji |
|
r
|
r | kasir | kasir | kasir |
|
w
|
w | warna | warna | warna |
|
m
|
m | muka | muka | muka |
|
n
|
n | lilin | lilin | lilin |
|
J
|
nyamuk | Jamuk | ɲamuk | |
|
N
|
ŋ | ngengat | NeNat | ŋeŋat |
|
tS
|
tʃ | cari | tSari | tʃari |
|
dZ
|
dʒ | jari | dZari | dʒari |
|
a
|
a | tali | tali | tali |
|
@
|
ə | membeli | m@mb@li | məmbəli |
|
e
|
e | kecap | ketSap | ketʃap |
|
i
|
i | singa | siNa | siŋa |
|
o
|
o | bola | bola | bola |
|
u
|
u | susu | susu | susu |
|
aI
|
aɪ | pantai | pantal | pantaɪ |
|
aU
|
aʊ | kacau | katSaU | katʃaʊ |
|
OI
|
ɔɪ | letoi | letOI | letɔɪ |
Levels of stress
| Symbol | IPA | X-SAMPA |
|---|---|---|
|
Syllable boundary
|
. | . |
Italian (Italy), it-IT
Phonemes
| X-SAMPA Phoneme | IPA Phoneme | Example word | X-SAMPA | IPA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
p
|
p | pane | "pane | ˈpane |
|
p:
|
pː | appena | a"p:ena | aˈpːena |
|
b
|
b | bocca | "bok:a | ˈbokːa |
|
b:
|
bː | abbacchio | a"b:ak:jo | aˈbːakːjo |
|
t
|
t | tedio | "tEdjo | ˈtɛdjo |
|
t:
|
tː | attento | a"t:Ento | aˈtːɛnto |
|
d
|
d | dato | "dato | ˈdato |
|
d:
|
dː | addio | a"d:io | aˈdːio |
|
k
|
k | colonna | ko"lon:a | koˈlonːa |
|
k:
|
kː | accolto | a"k:Olto | aˈkːɔlto |
|
g
|
ɡ | gatto | "gat:o | ˈgatːo |
|
g:
|
gː | agguato | a"g:wato | aˈɡːwato |
|
f
|
f | fulgido | "fuldZido | ˈfulʤido |
|
f:
|
fː | affusolato | af:uzo"lato | afːuzoˈlato |
|
v
|
v | vaso | "vazo | ˈvazo |
|
v:
|
vː | avviare | av:i"are | avːiˈare |
|
s
|
s | sete | "sete | ˈsete |
|
s:
|
sː | assetato | as:e"tato | asːeˈtato |
|
z
|
z | fuso | "fuzo | ˈfuzo |
|
S
|
ʃ | sciopero | "SOpero | ˈʃɔpero |
|
S:
|
ʃː | fascia | "faS:a | ˈfaʃːa |
|
Z
|
ʒ | garage | ga"raZ | gaˈraʒ |
|
ts
|
ts | tsunami | tsu"nami | tsuˈnami |
|
ts:
|
tsː | stazione | sta"ts:jone | staˈtsːjone |
|
dz
|
dz | zero | "dzEro | ˈdzɛro |
|
dz:
|
dzː | azzerare | adz:e"rare | adzːeˈrare |
|
tS
|
tʃ | cima | "tSima | ˈtʃima |
|
tS:
|
tSː | faccia | "fatS:a | ˈfatʃːa |
|
dZ
|
dʒ | giro | "dZiro | ˈdʒiro |
|
dZ:
|
dʒː | aggirare | adZ:i"rare | adʒːiˈrare |
|
m
|
m | mano | "mano | ˈmano |
|
m:
|
mː | ammanicato | am:ani"kato | amːaniˈkato |
|
n
|
n | noia | "nOja | ˈnɔja |
|
n:
|
nː | annoiare | an:o"jare | anːoˈjare |
|
J
|
ɲ | gnomo | "JOmo | ˈɲɔmo |
|
J:
|
ɲː | agnello | a"J:El:o | aˈɲːɛlːo |
|
r
|
r | ruolo | "rwOlo | ˈrwɔlo |
|
r:
|
rː | arruolare | ar:wo"lare | arːwoˈlare |
|
l
|
l | ladro | "ladro | ˈladro |
|
l:
|
lː | allarme | a"l:arme | aˈlːarme |
|
L
|
ʎ | gli | "Li | ˈʎi |
|
L:
|
ʎː | aglio | "aL:o | ˈaʎːo |
|
h
|
h | Juan | hu"an | huˈan |
|
T
|
θ | math | "maT | ˈmaθ |
|
j
|
j | Juventus vorrei |
ju"vEntus vo"r:Ej |
juˈvɛntus voˈrːɛj |
|
w
|
w | ruolo causa |
"rwOlo "kawza |
ˈrwɔlo ˈkawza |
|
3:
|
ɜː | Pasteur | pa"st3:r | paˈstɜːr |
|
a
|
a | amore | a"more | aˈmore |
|
e
|
e | esilio | e"ziljo | eˈziljo |
|
o
|
o | osare | o"zare | oˈzare |
|
E
|
ɛ | pelle | "pEl:e | ˈpɛlːe |
|
i
|
i | ignaro | i"J:aro | iˈɲːaro |
|
O
|
ɔ | polo | "pOlo | ˈpɔlo |
|
u
|
u | muro | "muro | ˈmuro |
Levels of stress
| Symbol | IPA | X-SAMPA |
|---|---|---|
|
Primary stress
|
ˈ | " |
|
Syllable boundary
|
. | . |
Dutch (Netherlands), nl-NL
Phonemes
| X-SAMPA Phoneme | IPA Phoneme | Example word | X-SAMPA | IPA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Z
|
ʒ | gelei | Z@"lEI | ʒəˈlɛɪ |
|
b
|
b | boer | "bu4 | ˈbuɾ |
|
x
|
x | mechanisme chemie |
me:xA:"nIsm@ xe:"mi |
meːxɑːˈnɪsmə xeːˈmi |
|
d
|
d | dag | "dAx | ˈdɑx |
|
f
|
f | faam | "fA:m | ˈfɑːm |
|
g
|
g | goal | "go:l | ˈgoːl |
|
h\
|
ɦ | hout | "h\Vut | ˈɦʌut |
|
j
|
j | jaag | "jA:x | ˈjɑːx |
|
k
|
k | kaak | "kA:k | ˈkɑːk |
|
l
|
l | laag | "lA:x | ˈlɑːx |
|
m
|
m | mag | "mAx | ˈmɑx |
|
n
|
n | naad | "nA:t | ˈnɑːt |
|
N
|
ŋ | eng | "EN | ˈɛŋ |
|
p
|
p | praat | "p4A:t | ˈpɾɑːt |
|
r
|
ɾ | roer | "4u4 | ˈɾuɾ |
|
s
|
s | samen | "sA:m@ | ˈsɑːmə |
|
S
|
ʃ | shock | "SOk | ˈʃɔk |
|
t
|
t | tussen | "tYs@ | ˈtʏsə |
|
v
|
v | vaak | "vA:k | ˈvɑːk |
|
v\
|
ʋ | waan | v\A:n | ˈʋɑːn |
|
z
|
z | zee | "ze: | ˈzeː |
|
@
|
ə | dagen | "dA:x@ | ˈdɑːxə |
|
A
|
ɑ | dag | "dAx | ˈdɑx |
|
A:
|
ɑː | dagen | "dA:x@ | ˈdɑːxə |
|
E
|
ɛ | eb | "Ep | ˈɛp |
|
e:
|
eː | één | "e:n | ˈeːn |
|
2:
|
øː | beu | "b2: | ˈbøː |
|
E:
|
ɛː | fair serre |
"fE:r\ "sE:4@ |
ˈfɛːɹˈ sɛːɾə |
|
I
|
ɪ | ik | "Ik | ˈɪk |
|
i
|
i | iel | "il | ˈil |
|
EI
|
ɛɪ | ijdel | "EId@l | ˈɛɪdəl |
|
O
|
ɔ | of | "Of | ˈɔf |
|
O:
|
ɔː | naadloos | "nA:tlO:s | ˈnɑːtlɔːs |
|
u
|
u | koek | "kuk | ˈkuk |
|
Vu
|
ʌu | hout rauw |
"h\Vut "4Vu |
ˈɦʌut ˈɾʌu |
|
o:
|
oː | controle | kOn"t4o:l@ | kɔnˈtɾoːlə |
|
Y
|
ʏ | urn | "Y4n | ˈʏɾn |
|
y
|
y | uur | "y4 | ˈyɾ |
|
9Y
|
œʏ | ui | "9Y | œʏ |
Levels of stress
| Symbol | IPA | X-SAMPA |
|---|---|---|
|
Primary stress
|
ˈ | " |
|
Syllable boundary
|
. | . |
Turkish (Turkey), tr-TR
Phonemes
| X-SAMPA Phoneme | IPA Phoneme | Example word | X-SAMPA | IPA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
m
|
m | masa | ma"sa | maˈsa |
|
p
|
p | para | pa"4a | paˈɾa |
|
b
|
b | balık | ba"lMk | baˈlɯk |
|
f
|
f | füze | "fyze | ˈfyze |
|
v
|
v | vazo | "vazo | ˈvazo |
|
h
|
h | halı | ha"lM | haˈlɯ |
|
d
|
d | deniz | de"niz | deˈniz |
|
t
|
t | takım | ta"kMm | taˈkɯn |
|
s
|
s | sokak | so"kak | soˈkak |
|
z
|
z | zarf | "za4f | ˈzaɾf |
|
k
|
k | kuş | "kuS | ˈkuʃ |
|
c
|
c | kâr | "ca4 | ˈcaɾ |
|
g
|
g | gaz | "gaz | ˈgaz |
|
J\
|
ɟ | rüzgâr | 4yz"J\a4 | ɾyɾzˈɟaɾ |
|
l
|
l | salı | sa"lM | saˈlɯ |
|
L
|
ʎ | alkol | aL"koL | aʎˈkoʎ |
|
4
|
ɾ | resim | 4e"sim | ɾeˈsim |
|
tS
|
tʃ | çilek | tSi"Lec | tʃiˈʎec |
|
dZ
|
dʒ | cam | "dZam | ˈdʒam |
|
Z
|
ʒ | jilet | Zi"Let | ʒiˈʎet |
|
n
|
n | niyet | ni"jet | niˈjet |
|
j
|
j | yatak | ja"tak | jaˈtak |
|
S
|
ʃ | şeker | Se"ce4 | ʃeˈceɾ |
|
a
|
a | araba | a4a"ba | aɾaˈba |
|
a:
|
aː | âdet | "a:det | ˈaːdet |
|
e
|
e | etek | e"tek | eˈtek |
|
e:
|
eː | eğri | e:"4i | eːˈɾi |
|
i
|
i | imza | im"za: | imˈzaː |
|
i:
|
iː | asli | as"Li: | asˈʎiː |
|
M
|
ɯ | ışık | M"SMk | ɯˈʃɯk |
|
M:
|
ɯː | ığdır | "M:dM4 | ˈɯːdɯɾ |
|
u
|
u | umut | u"mut | uˈmut |
|
u:
|
uː | şuur | "Su:4 | ˈʃuːɾ |
|
y
|
y | ütü | y"ty | yˈty |
|
y:
|
yː | düğme | dy:"me | dyːˈme |
|
o
|
o | omuz | o"muz | oˈmuz |
|
o:
|
oː | doğru | do:"4u | doːˈɾu |
|
2
|
ø | örtü | 24"ty | øɾˈty |
|
2:
|
øː | öğün | 2:"yn | øːˈyn |
Levels of stress
| Symbol | IPA | X-SAMPA |
|---|---|---|
|
Primary stress
|
ˈ | " |
|
Syllable boundary
|
. | . |
Polish (Poland), pl-PL
Phonemes
| X-SAMPA Phoneme | IPA Phoneme | Example word | X-SAMPA | IPA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
p
|
p | popiół | "pO%pjuw | ˈpɔˌpjuw |
|
b
|
b | kupże | "kub%z`E | ˈkubˌʐɛ |
|
t_d
|
t̪ | bródka | "bru%t_dka | ˈbruˌt̪ka |
|
d_d
|
d̪ | dudek | "d_du%d_dEk | ˈd̪uˌd̪ɛk |
|
k
|
k | kurka | "kur%ka | ˈkurˌka |
|
g
|
g | także | "t_da%gz`E | ˈt̪aˌgʐɛ |
|
f
|
f | wsunąć | "fs_du%n_dO~ts\ | ˈfs̪uˌn̪ɔ̃tɕ |
|
v
|
v | główny | "gwu%vn_d1 | ˈgwuˌvn̪ɨ |
|
s_d
|
s̪ | wóz | "vus_d | ˈvus̪ |
|
z_d
|
z̪ | rozbić | "rOt%z_dbits\ | ˈrɔtˌz̪bitɕ |
|
s`
|
ʂ | szyszka | "s`1%s`a | ˈʂɨˌʂa |
|
z`
|
ʐ | rzecz | "z`Ets` | ˈʐɛtʂ |
|
s\
|
ɕ | śmiech | "s\mjEx | ˈɕmjɛx |
|
z\
|
ʑ | źrebię | "z\rE%bjE~ | ˈʑrɛˌbjɛ̃ |
|
x
|
x | hak | "xak | ˈxak |
|
ts_d
|
t̪s̪ | rydz | "r1ts_d | ˈrɨt̪s̪ |
|
dz_d
|
d̪z̪ | dzwon | "dz_dvOn_d | ˈd̪z̪vɔn̪ |
|
ts`
|
tʂ | czacza | "ts`a%ts`a | ˈtʂaˌtʂa |
|
dz`
|
dʐ | dżdżu | "dz`dz`u | ˈdʑdʑu |
|
ts\
|
tɕ | ciocia | "ts\O%ts\a | ˈtɕɔˌtɕa |
|
dz\
|
dʑ | dźwięk | "dz\vjE~k | ˈdʑvjɛ̃k |
|
m
|
m | mama | "ma%ma | ˈmaˌma |
|
n_d
|
n̪ | noga | "n_dO%ga | ˈn̪ɔˌga |
|
J
|
ɲ | nieść | "JEs\ts\ | ˈɲɛɕtɕ |
|
l
|
l | lalka | "lal%ka | ˈlalˌka |
|
r
|
r | radar | "ra%d_dar | ˈraˌd̪ar |
|
j
|
j | jajo | "ja%jO | ˈjaˌjɔ |
|
w
|
w | łapa | "wa%pa | ˈwaˌpa |
|
a
|
a | lalka | "lal%ka | ˈlalˌka |
|
E
|
ɛ | niewielkie | JE%"vjElkjE | ˈɲɛˌvjɛlkjɛ |
|
i
|
i | kit | "kit_d | ˈkit̪ |
|
O
|
ɔ | lot | "lOt_d | ˈlɔt̪ |
|
u
|
u | buk | "buk | ˈbuk |
|
1
|
ɨ | krzyk | "ks`1k | ˈkɕɨk |
|
E~
|
ɛ̃ | pędzę | "pE~%dz_dE~ | ˈpɛ̃ˌd̪z̪ɛ̃ |
|
O~
|
ɔ̃ | siąść | "s\O~s\ts\ | ˈɕɔ̃ɕtɕ |
Levels of stress
| Symbol | IPA | X-SAMPA |
|---|---|---|
|
Primary stress
|
ˈ | " |
|
Secondary stress
|
ˌ | % |
|
Syllable boundary
|
. | . |
Russian (Russia), ru-RU
Phonemes
| X-SAMPA Phoneme | IPA Phoneme | Example word | X-SAMPA | IPA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
b
|
b | бар | "bar | ˈbar |
|
b_j
|
bʲ | бинт | "b_jint | ˈbʲint |
|
p
|
p | пар | "par | ˈpar |
|
p_j
|
pʲ | пить | "p_jit_j | ˈpʲitʲ |
|
d
|
d | дар | "dar | ˈdar |
|
d_j
|
dʲ | дядя | "d_jad_ja | ˈdʲadʲa |
|
t
|
t | тур | "tur | ˈtur |
|
t_j
|
tʲ | тяга | "t_jaga | ˈtʲaga |
|
g
|
g | гора | ga"ra | gaˈra |
|
g_j
|
gʲ | гиря | "g_jir_ja | ˈgʲirʲa |
|
k
|
k | кора | ka"ra | kaˈra |
|
k_j
|
kʲ | кит | "k_jit | ˈkʲit |
|
v
|
v | вор | "vor | ˈvor |
|
v_j
|
vʲ | вера | "v_jera | ˈvʲera |
|
f
|
f | фора | "fora | ˈfora |
|
f_j
|
fʲ | финал | f_ji"nal | fʲiˈnal |
|
z
|
z | зорь | "zor_j | ˈzorʲ |
|
z_j
|
zʲ | зима | z_ji"ma | zʲiˈma |
|
s
|
s | сор | "sor | ˈsor |
|
s_j
|
sʲ | синий | "s_jin_jij | ˈsʲinʲij |
|
Z
|
ʒ | жор | "Zor | ˈʒor |
|
S
|
ʃ | шар | "Sar | ˈʃar |
|
x
|
x | хор | "xor | ˈxor |
|
x_j
|
xʲ | химик | "x_jim_jik | ˈxʲimʲik |
|
S_j
|
ʃʲ | щель | "S_jel_j | ˈʃʲelʲ |
|
n
|
n | ноль | "nol_j | ˈnolʲ |
|
n_j
|
nʲ | няня | "n_jan_ja | ˈnʲanʲa |
|
m
|
m | моль | "mol_j | ˈmolʲ |
|
m_j
|
mʲ | мел | "m_jel | ˈmʲel |
|
l
|
l | лом | "lom | ˈlom |
|
l_j
|
lʲ | липа | "l_jipa | ˈlʲipa |
|
r
|
r | ром | "rom | ˈrom |
|
r_j
|
rʲ | ряса | "r_jasa | ˈrʲasa |
|
j
|
j | йод | "jot | ˈjot |
|
a
|
a | мак | "mak | ˈmak |
|
e
|
e | тег | "tek | ˈtek |
|
i
|
i | тик | "tik | ˈtik |
|
o
|
o | ток | "tok | ˈtok |
|
u
|
u | лук | "luk | ˈluk |
|
1
|
ɨ | мышь | "m1S | ˈmɨʃ |
Levels of stress
| Symbol | IPA | X-SAMPA |
|---|---|---|
|
Primary stress
|
ˈ | " |
|
Syllable boundary
|
. | . |
Korean (South Korea), ko-KR
Phonemes
| X-SAMPA Phoneme | IPA Phoneme | Example Word | X-SAMPA | IPA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
p
|
p | 불 | pul | pul |
|
p_h
|
pʰ | 풀 | p_hul | pʰul |
|
p*
|
p͈ | 뿔 | p*ul | p͈ul |
|
t
|
t | 달 | tal | tal |
|
t_h
|
tʰ | 탈 | t_hal | tʰal |
|
t*
|
t͈ | 딸 | t*al | t͈al |
|
k
|
k | 가다 | kata | kata |
|
k_h
|
kʰ | 칼 | k_hal | kʰal |
|
k*
|
k͈ | 까다 | k*ata | k͈ata |
|
s_h
|
sʰ | 살 | s_hal | sʰal |
|
s*
|
s͈ | 쌀 | s*al | s͈al |
|
h
|
h | 하다 | hata | hata |
|
ts\
|
tɕ | 자다 | ts\ata | tɕata |
|
ts\_h
|
tɕʰ | 차다 | ts\_hata | tɕʰata |
|
ts\*
|
t͈ɕ | 짜다 | ts\*ata | t͈ɕata |
|
m
|
m | 물 | mul | mul |
|
n
|
n | 날 | nal | nal |
|
N
|
ŋ | 방 | paN | paŋ |
|
4
|
ɾ | 바람 | pa4am | paɾam |
|
l
|
l | 스쿨 | s_hMk_hul | sʰɯkʰul |
|
w
|
w | 문화 | munhwa | munhwa |
|
j
|
j | 양명 | jaNmjVN | jaŋmjʌŋ |
|
i
|
i | 시장 | s_hits\aN | sʰitɕaŋ |
|
a
|
a | 말 | mal | mal |
|
e
|
e | 베개 | pekE | pekɛ |
|
M
|
ɯ | 음악 | Mmak | ɯmak |
|
V
|
ʌ | 어머니 | VmVni | ʌmʌni |
|
u
|
u | 우리 | u4i | uɾi |
|
o
|
o | 오리 | o4i | oɾi |
|
2
|
ø | 교회 | kjoh2 | kjohø |
|
E
|
ɛ | 태양 | t_hEjaN | tʰɛjaŋ |
Levels of stress
| Symbol | IPA | X-SAMPA |
|---|---|---|
|
Syllable boundary
|
. | . |
Chinese, Mandarin (Simplified, China), cmn-Hans-CN
Phonemes
| Pinyin | Example | Transcription |
|---|---|---|
|
b
|
北 | bei3 |
|
p
|
盘 | pan2 |
|
d
|
对 | dui4 |
|
t
|
谈 | tan2 |
|
g
|
给 | gei3 |
|
k
|
看 | kan4 |
|
f
|
放 | fang4 |
|
s
|
三 | san1 |
|
sh
|
手 | shou3 |
|
h
|
花 | hua1 |
|
l
|
累 | lei4 |
|
r
|
入 | ru4 |
|
m
|
马 | ma3 |
|
n
|
那 | na4 |
|
ng
|
定 | ding4 |
|
z
|
在 | zai4 |
|
c
|
菜 | cai4 |
|
zh
|
只 | zhi3 |
|
ch
|
吃 | chi1 |
|
j
|
讲 | jiang3 |
|
q
|
强 | qiang2 |
|
x
|
西 | xi1 |
|
w
|
哇 | wa1 |
|
y
|
眼 | yan3 |
|
yi/i
|
意,第 | yi4, di4 |
|
wu/u
|
五,露 | wu3, lu4 |
|
yu/ü/u
|
鱼, 绿, 序 | yu2, lü4, xu4 |
|
a
|
打 | da3 |
|
ye/ie
|
夜,杰 | ye4, jie2 |
|
er
|
二 | er4 |
|
e
|
饿 | e4 |
|
o
|
龙 | long2 |
|
wo/uo/o
|
我,作,脖 | wo3, zuo1, bo2 |
|
ai
|
带 | dai4 |
|
ei
|
飞 | fei1 |
|
ao
|
猫 | mao1 |
|
ou
|
有 | you3 |
|
ya/ia
|
牙,强 | ya2, qiang2 |
|
you/iu
|
油,六 | you2, liu4 |
|
wa/ua
|
挖,花 | wa1, hua1 |
|
yue/üe/ue
|
月,略,学 | yue4, lüe4, xue2 |
|
wei/ui
|
為, 对 | wei4, dui4 |
|
yao/iao
|
药,料 | yao4, liao4 |
|
wai/uai
|
外,帅 | wai4, shuai4 |
|
yua/ua
|
远,捐 | yuan4, juan1 |
Levels of stress
See below a list of tones in Pinyin. The tone should be placed at the end of a
syllable. To denote multiple syllables use a whitespace between each, for
example /wo3 de5/
for 我 的
.
| Tone | Description |
|---|---|
| 1 | High tone |
| 2 | Mid Rising tone |
| 3 | Low Dipping tone |
| 4 | High Falling tone |
| 0 | Neutral tone |
Chinese, Mandarin (Traditional, Taiwan), cmn-Hant-TW
Phonemes
| Pinyin | Example | Transcription |
|---|---|---|
|
b
|
北 | bei3 |
|
p
|
盤 | pan2 |
|
d
|
對 | dui4 |
|
t
|
炭 | tan4 |
|
g
|
給 | gei3 |
|
k
|
看 | kan4 |
|
f
|
放 | fang4 |
|
s
|
三 | san1 |
|
sh
|
瘦 | shou4 |
|
h
|
華 | hua2 |
|
l
|
樂 | le4 |
|
r
|
入 | ru4 |
|
m
|
媽 | ma1 |
|
n
|
那 | na4 |
|
ng
|
定 | ding4 |
|
z
|
在 | zai4 |
|
c
|
彩 | cai3 |
|
zh
|
只 | zhi3 |
|
ch
|
持 | chi2 |
|
j
|
講 | jiang3 |
|
y
|
月 | yue4 |
|
q
|
槍 | qiang1 |
|
x
|
西 | xi1 |
|
w
|
哇 | wa1 |
|
j
|
具 | ju4 |
|
i
|
第 | di4 |
|
u
|
魯 | lu3 |
|
ü
|
縷 | lü3 |
|
a
|
搭 | da1 |
|
e
|
頁 | ye4 |
|
er
|
二 | er4 |
|
e
|
餓 | e4 |
|
o
|
龍 | long2 |
|
wo
|
我 | wo3 |
|
ai
|
帶 | dai4 |
|
ei
|
飛 | fei1 |
|
ao
|
奧 | ao4 |
|
ou
|
歐 | ou4 |
Levels of stress
See below a list of tones in Pinyin. The tone should be placed at the end of a
syllable. To denote multiple syllables use a whitespace between each, for
example /wo3 de5/
for 我 的
.
| Tone | Description |
|---|---|
| 1 | High tone |
| 2 | Mid Rising tone |
| 3 | Low Dipping tone |
| 4 | High Falling tone |
| 0 | Neutral tone |
Japanese Yomigana
Japanese pronunciations must be specified using yomigana, for example:
<phoneme alphabet="yomigana" ph="ちゅう">中</phoneme>
<phoneme alphabet="yomigana" ph="なか">中</phoneme>
The pronunciation can also contain pitch accents.
The start of a pitch phrase is specified with ^
and the down-pitch
position is specified with !
, for example:
<phoneme alphabet="yomigana" ph="^はし">端</phoneme>
<phoneme alphabet="yomigana" ph="^は!し">箸</phoneme>
<phoneme alphabet="yomigana" ph="^はし!">橋</phoneme>
Vowel elongation is performed automatically, for example <phoneme alphabet="yomigana" phoneme="じょおう">女王</phoneme>
will be correctly
pronounced as じょおー (not じょーう).
Compound words are allowed, and segmentation is performed automatically.
Both katakana and hiragana are allowed.
Chinese, Cantonese (Traditional, Hong Kong), yue-Hant-HK
Phonemes
| Jyutping | Example | Transcription |
|---|---|---|
|
p
|
怕 | paa3 |
|
b
|
巴 | baa1 |
|
t
|
他 | taa1 |
|
d
|
打 | daa2 |
|
k
|
卡 | kaa1 |
|
g
|
家 | gaa1 |
|
f
|
花 | faa1 |
|
s
|
沙 | saa1 |
|
h
|
蝦 | haa1 |
|
m
|
媽 | maa1 |
|
n
|
那 | naa5 |
|
ng
|
牙 | ngaa4 |
|
c
|
叉 | caa1 |
|
z
|
渣 | zaa1 |
|
l
|
啦 | laa1 |
|
kw
|
誇 | kwaa1 |
|
gw
|
瓜 | gwaa1 |
|
w
|
汚 | wu1 |
|
j
|
廿 | jaa6 |
|
ng
|
伍 | ng5 |
|
m
|
唔 | m4 |
|
a
|
新 | san1 |
|
o
|
疏 | so1 |
|
e
|
些 | se1 |
|
i
|
詩 | si1 |
|
u
|
夫 | fu1 |
|
yu
|
書 | syu1 |
|
aa
|
沙 | saa1 |
|
oe
|
鋸 | goe3 |
Levels of stress
See below a list of tones in Jyutping. The tone should be placed at the end of a
syllable. To denote multiple syllables use a whitespace between each, for
example: /gong2 waa6/
for 講話
| Tone | Description |
|---|---|
| 1 | Top tone |
| 2 | High Rising tone |
| 3 | Mid tone |
| 4 | Low Falling tone |
| 5 | Low Rising tone |
| 6 | Low tone |
