VNP09GA: VIIRS Surface Reflectance Daily 500m and 1km

AI-generated Key Takeaways

The VNP09GA dataset provides daily surface reflectance data from the VIIRS sensor on the Suomi National Polar-Orbiting Partnership satellite.
The dataset includes twelve bands at either 500 meter or 1 kilometer resolution, representing estimated surface spectral reflectance corrected for atmospheric conditions.
Data is temporally aggregated daily, including only the first of the highest-quality observations when multiple passes occur.
This dataset is freely accessible from LP DAAC NASA, with a request to cite the data in publications.
The dataset is available from January 19, 2012, to October 15, 2025, with daily updates.

Dataset Availability: 2012-01-19T00:00:00Z–2025-11-11T00:00:00Z
Dataset Provider: NASA Land SIPS

Cadence: 1 Day
Tags: daily nasa noaa npp reflectance satellite-imagery sr viirs
vnp09ga

Description

The Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) daily surface reflectance (VNP09GA) product provides an estimate of land surface reflectance from the Suomi National Polar-Orbiting Partnership (S-NPP) VIIRS sensor. Data are provided for three imagery bands (I1, I2, I3) at nominal 500 meter resolution (~463 meter) and nine moderate-resolution bands (M1, M2, M3, M4, M5, M7, M8, M10, M11) at nominal 1 kilometer (~926 meter) resolution. The 500 meter and 1 kilometer datasets are derived through resampling the native 375 meter and 750 meter VIIRS resolutions, respectively, in the L2 input product. These bands are corrected for atmospheric conditions to provide an estimate of the surface spectral reflectance as it would be measured at ground level.

The data is temporally aggregated over each of the 16 possible passes per day. When multiple observations are present for each day, only the first of the highest-quality observations is included.

The band scale factors are already applied.

For additional information, visit the VIIRS Land Product Quality Assessment website

Documentation:

Bands

Bands

Name

Units

Min

Max

Pixel Size

Wavelength

Description

M1

-0.01

1.6

1000 meters

0.402 - 0.422µm

1km surface reflectance band M1

M2

-0.01

1.6

1000 meters

0.436 - 0.454µm

1km surface reflectance Band M2

M3

-0.01

1.6

1000 meters

0.478 - 0.488µm

1km surface reflectance band M3

M4

-0.01

1.6

1000 meters

0.545 - 0.565µm

1km surface reflectance band M4

M5

-0.01

1.6

1000 meters

0.662 - 0.682µm

1km surface reflectance band M5

M7

-0.01

1.6

1000 meters

0.846 - 0.885µm

1km surface reflectance band M7

M8

-0.01

1.6

1000 meters

1.230 - 1.250µm

1km surface reflectance band M8

M10

-0.01

1.6

1000 meters

1.580 - 1.640µm

1km surface reflectance band M10

M11

-0.01

1.6

1000 meters

2.230 - 2.280µm

1km surface reflectance band M11

I1

-0.01

1.6

500 meters

0.600 - 0.680µm

500m surface reflectance band I1

I2

-0.01

1.6

500 meters

0.850 - 0.880µm

500m surface reflectance band I2

I3

-0.01

1.6

500 meters

1.580 - 1.640µm

500m surface reflectance band I3

SensorAzimuth

deg

-180

180

1000 meters

None

Sensor azimuth angle

SensorZenith

deg

180

1000 meters

None

Sensor zenith angle

SolarAzimuth

deg

-180

180

1000 meters

None

Solar azimuth angle

SolarZenith

deg

180

1000 meters

None

Solar zenith angle

iobs_res

254

500 meters

None

Observation number

num_observations_1km

127

1000 meters

None

Number of observations 1km

num_observations_500m

127

500 meters

None

Number of observations 500m

obscov_1km

100

1000 meters

None

Observations coverage 1km

obscov_500m

100

500 meters

None

Observations coverage 500km

orbit_pnt

1000 meters

None

Orbit pointer

QF1

1000 meters

None

Quality flags 1

Bitmask for QF1

Bits 0-1: Cloud mask quality
- 0: Poor
- 1: Low
- 2: Medium
- 3: High
Bits 2-3: Cloud detection & confidence
- 0: Confident clear
- 1: Probably clear
- 2: Probably cloudy
- 3: Confident cloudy
Bit 4: Day/night
- 0: Day
- 1: Night
Bit 5: Low sun mask
- 0: High
- 1: Low
Bits 6-7: Sun glint
- 0: None
- 1: Geometry based
- 2: Wind speed based
- 3: Geometry and wind speed based

QF2

1000 meters

None

Quality flags 2

Bitmask for QF2

Bits 0-2: Land/water background
- 0: Land & desert
- 1: Land no desert
- 2: Inland water
- 3: Sea water
- 4:
- 5: Coastal
Bit 3: Shadow mask
- 0: No cloud shadow
- 1: Shadow
Bit 4: Heavy aerosol mask
- 0: No heavy aerosol
- 1: Heavy aerosol
Bit 5: Snow/ice
- 0: No snow/ice
- 1: Snow or ice
Bit 6: Thin cirrus reflective
- 0: No cloud
- 1: Cloud
Bit 7: This cirrus emissive
- 0: No cloud
- 1: Cloud

QF3

1000 meters

None

Quality flags 3

Bitmask for QF3

Bit 0: Bad M1 SDR data
- 0: No
- 1: Yes
Bit 1: Bad M2 SDR data
- 0: No
- 1: Yes
Bit 2: Bad M3 SDR data
- 0: No
- 1: Yes
Bit 3: Bad M4 SDR data
- 0: No
- 1: Yes
Bit 4: Bad M5 SDR data
- 0: No
- 1: Yes
Bit 5: Bad M7 SDR data
- 0: No
- 1: Yes
Bit 6: Bad M8 SDR data
- 0: No
- 1: Yes
Bit 7: Bad M10 SDR data
- 0: No
- 1: Yes

QF4

1000 meters

None

Quality flags 4

Bitmask for QF4

Bit 0: Bad M11 SDR data
- 0: No
- 1: Yes
Bit 1: Bad I1 SDR data
- 0: No
- 1: Yes
Bit 2: Bad I2 SDR data
- 0: No
- 1: Yes
Bit 3: Bad I3 SDR data
- 0: No
- 1: Yes
Bit 4: Overall quality of AOT
- 0: Good
- 1: Bad
Bit 5: Missing AOT input data
- 0: No
- 1: Yes
Bit 6: Invalid land AM input data
- 0: Valid
- 1: Invalid AM input over land or over ocean
Bit 7: Missing PW input data
- 0: No
- 1: Yes

QF5

1000 meters

None

Quality flags 5

Bitmask for QF5

Bit 0: Missing ozone input data
- 0: No
- 1: Yes
Bit 1: Missing surface pressure input data
- 0: No
- 1: Yes
Bit 2: Overall quality M1 surface reflection data
- 0: Good
- 1: Bad
Bit 3: Overall quality M2 surface reflection data
- 0: Good
- 1: Bad
Bit 4: Overall quality M3 surface reflection data
- 0: Good
- 1: Bad
Bit 5: Overall quality M4 surface reflection data
- 0: Good
- 1: Bad
Bit 6: Overall quality M5 surface reflection data
- 0: Good
- 1: Bad
Bit 7: Overall quality M7 surface reflection data
- 0: Good
- 1: Bad

QF6

1000 meters

None

Quality flags 6

Bitmask for QF6

Bit 0: Overall quality M8 surface reflection data
- 0: Good
- 1: Bad
Bit 1: Overall quality M10 surface reflection data
- 0: Good
- 1: Bad
Bit 2: Overall quality M11 surface reflection data
- 0: Good
- 1: Bad
Bit 3: Overall quality I1 surface reflection data
- 0: Good
- 1: Bad
Bit 4: Overall quality I2 surface reflection data
- 0: Good
- 1: Bad
Bit 5: Overall quality I3 surface reflection data
- 0: Good
- 1: Bad

QF7

1000 meters

None

Quality flags 7

Bitmask for QF7

Bit 0: Snow present
- 0: No
- 1: Yes
Bit 1: Adjacent to cloud
- 0: No
- 1: Yes
Bits 2-3: Aerosol quantity
- 0: Climatology
- 1: Low
- 2: Average
- 3: High
Bit 4: Thin cirrus flag
- 0: No
- 1: Yes

land_water_mask

1000 meters

None

Land/water mask.

land_water_mask Class Table

Value	Color	Description
0	#0000ff	Shallow_Ocean
1	#008000	Land
2	#ffff00	Coastline
3	#808000	Shallow_Inland
4	#00ffff	Ephemeral
5	#800000	Deep_Inland
6	#ff0000	Continental
7	#000080	Deep_Ocean

Terms of Use

Terms of Use

LP DAAC NASA data are freely accessible; however, when an author publishes these data or works based on the data, it is requested that the author cite the datasets within the text of the publication and include a reference to them in the reference list.

Citations

Vermote, E., Franch, B., Claverie, M. (2023). VIIRS/NPP Surface Reflectance Daily L2G Global 1km and 500m SIN Grid V002 [Data set]. NASA EOSDIS Land Processes Distributed Active Archive Center.

DOIs

https://doi.org/10.5067/VIIRS/VNP09GA.002

Explore with Earth Engine

Code Editor (JavaScript)

 var 
  
 dataset 
  
 = 
  
 ee 
 . 
 ImageCollection 
 ( 
 'NASA/VIIRS/002/VNP09GA' 
 ) 
  
 . 
 filter 
 ( 
 ee 
 . 
 Filter 
 . 
 date 
 ( 
 '2014-05-01' 
 , 
  
 '2014-05-31' 
 )); 
 var 
  
 rgb 
  
 = 
  
 dataset 
 . 
 select 
 ([ 
 'M5' 
 , 
  
 'M4' 
 , 
  
 'M3' 
 ]); 
 var 
  
 rgbVis 
  
 = 
  
 { 
  
 min 
 : 
  
 0.0 
 , 
  
 max 
 : 
  
 0.3 
 }; 
 Map 
 . 
 setCenter 
 ( 
 17.93 
 , 
  
 7.71 
 , 
  
 2 
 ); 
 Map 
 . 
 addLayer 
 ( 
 rgb 
 , 
  
 rgbVis 
 , 
  
 'RGB' 
 );

Open in Code Editor

VNP09GA: VIIRS Surface Reflectance Daily 500m and 1km

NASA/VIIRS/002/VNP09GA, daily,nasa,noaa,npp,reflectance,satellite-imagery,sr,viirs

2012-01-19T00:00:00Z/2025-11-11T00:00:00Z

-90 -180 90 180

Google Earth Engine

https://developers.google.com/earth-engine/datasets

VNP09GA: VIIRS Surface Reflectance Daily 500m and 1km Stay organized with collections Save and categorize content based on your preferences.

AI-generated Key Takeaways

Description

Bands

Terms of Use

Citations

DOIs

Explore with Earth Engine

Code Editor (JavaScript)

VNP09GA: VIIRS Surface Reflectance Daily 500m and 1km