Security Bulletins

The following vulnerability was discovered in Envoy Proxy:

• CVE-2025-54588

For instructions and more details, see the Cloud Service Mesh security bulletin .

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS nodes:

• CVE-2025-38350

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GDC software for VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GDC software for bare metal security bulletin

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS nodes:

• CVE-2025-38477

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GDC software for VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GDC software for bare metal security bulletin

Intel has notified Google of two new security vulnerabilities.

CVE-2025-21090: This vulnerability affects the following Intel processors:

• Sapphire Rapids: C3, Z3, H3, A3, v5p VM Families
• Emerald Rapids: N4, C4, M4, A3 Ultra, A4 VM Families
• Granite Rapids: N4, C4 VM Family

CVE-2025-22840: This vulnerability affects the following Intel processor:

• Granite Rapids: N4, C4 VM Family

What should I do?

No customer action is required for either vulnerability. Google will proactively update your systems during your standard and planned maintenance windows. At this time, no evidence of exploitation has been found or reported to Google.

What vulnerabilities are being addressed?

The vulnerability, CVE-2025-21090 , allows an unprivileged actor utilizing the AMX CPU instruction, in conjunction with the AVX CPU instruction, to render the host machine inoperative.

The vulnerability, CVE-2025-22840 , allows an unprivileged actor utilizing the prefetchit CPU instruction to load memory content it would otherwise not have access to, potentially leading to remote code execution.

• CVE-2025-21090
• CVE-2025-22840

A potential Denial of Service (DoS) vulnerability exists in the pure-Python implementation of protobuf-python . An attacker can cause a service to crash by sending a specially crafted message.

Impact

You could be affected if you import protobuf-python in your projects, either directly or transitively. Be aware that the Cloud Client Libraries for Python use protobuf-python as a dependency. If you use these libraries, make sure that you're using a version of protobuf-python mentioned in the following section.

What should I do?

Ensure that you're using the latest versions of the following software packages:

• protobuf-python (4.25.8, 5.29.5, 6.31.1)

What vulnerabilities are addressed by this patch?

The patch mitigates the following vulnerability:

The vulnerability arises from unbounded recursion when the pure-Python backend parses certain Protocol Buffers messages. An unauthenticated attacker can send a message containing deeply nested recursive groups, messages, or a series of SGROUP tags. This input causes the Python interpreter to exceed its maximum recursion depth, triggering a RecursionError that crashes the service, resulting in a Denial of Service. Any project parsing untrusted data with the affected backend is at risk.

For more information, see the Protobuf Security Advisory .

High

CVSS v4.0

Score: 8.2

This issue only affects the python Protobuf implementation backend .

Regardless of the value that is returned when checking the Protobuf implementation backend, an upgrade is recommended as the environment variable PROTOCOL_BUFFERS_PYTHON_IMPLEMENTATION can change the Protobuf implementation backend during runtime.

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Ubuntu nodes:

• CVE-2025-37890

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GDC software for VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GDC software for bare metal security bulletin

Per advisory VMSA-2025-0013, multiple vulnerabilities in VMware ESXi were privately reported to Broadcom.

We've either already patched these vulnerabilities or are in the process of applying the necessary patches supplied by Broadcom. There are no known workarounds for these reported vulnerabilities.

Once patched, your VMware Engine deployments should be running ESXi 7.0U3w or ESXi 8.0U3f or greater.

What should I do?

Google recommends customers to monitor their workloads on VMware Engine for any unusual activities.

• VMSA-2025-0013
• CVE-2025-41236
• CVE-2025-41237
• CVE-2025-41238
• CVE-2025-41239

2025-08-28 Update:Added patch versions for Ubuntu node pools on GKE.

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS nodes:

• CVE-2025-38083

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GDC software for VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GDC software for bare metal security bulletin

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS nodes:

• CVE-2025-37752

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GDC software for VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GDC software for bare metal security bulletin

AMD has disclosed two vulnerabilities affecting AMD EPYC 2nd generation (Rome), 3rd generation (Milan), and 4th generation (Genoa) CPUs. The vulnerabilities allow an attacker to infer data from previous stores or the L1D cache, potentially resulting in leakage of sensitive information.

Google has rolled out a mitigation that prevents this leakage of information between VMs.

There is still the potential that processes within a single VM can exploit these vulnerabilities.

What should I do?

After July 8, 2025, a guest-level mitigation that protects against intra-guest attacks is available to the following VMs:

• VMs that are started for the first time.
• VMs that are fully stopped and started again. Operating system reboots will not enable the mitigation, and the VM itself must be fully restarted to enable the mitigation. Guest operating system kernels must support this mitigation for it to be effective.

For more information see AMD security bulletin AMD-SB-7029 .

• CVE-2024-36350
• CVE-2024-36357

2025-07-21 Update:Added patch versions for Ubuntu node pools on GKE.

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS nodes:

• CVE-2025-38001

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GDC software for VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GDC software for bare metal security bulletin

2025-07-21 Update:Added patch versions for Ubuntu node pools on GKE.

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS nodes:

• CVE-2025-37997

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GDC software for VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GDC software for bare metal security bulletin

2025-07-21 Update:Added patch versions for Ubuntu node pools on GKE.

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS nodes:

• CVE-2025-38000

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GDC software for VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GDC software for bare metal security bulletin

A security issue was discovered where attackers might be able to bypass workload isolation restrictions on GKE clusters.

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GDC software for VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GDC software for bare metal security bulletin

2025-07-21 Update:Added patch versions for Ubuntu node pools on GKE.

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS nodes:

• CVE-2025-37798

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GDC software for VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GDC software for bare metal security bulletin

2025-08-26 Update:Added patch versions for Ubuntu node pools on GKE.

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS nodes:

• CVE-2025-37797

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GDC software for VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GDC software for bare metal security bulletin

Per VMware security advisory VMSA-2024-0017 , an SQL-injection vulnerability in VMware Aria Automation was privately reported to VMware. Patches are available to remediate this vulnerability in affected VMware products.

What should I do?

We recommend upgrading to VMware Aria Automation KB325790.

• VMSA-2024-0017
• CVE-2024-22280

Per VMware security advisory VMSA-2025-0006 , a local privilege escalation vulnerability in VMware Aria Operations was responsibly reported to VMware. Patches are available to remediate this vulnerability in affected VMware products.

What should I do?

We recommend upgrading to VMware Aria Operations 8.18 HF5.

• VMSA-2025-0006
• CVE-2025-22231

Per VMware security advisory VMSA-2025-0003 , multiple vulnerabilities in VMware Aria Operations for logs and VMware Aria Operations were privately reported to VMware. Patches are available to remediate this vulnerability in affected VMware products.

What should I do?

We recommend upgrading to VMware Aria Operations for Logs 8.18.3 and VMware Aria Operations to 8.18.3.

• VMSA-2025-0003
• CVE-2025-22218
• CVE-2025-22219
• CVE-2025-22220
• CVE-2025-22221
• CVE-2025-22222

Per VMware security advisory VMSA-2025-0008 , a DOM based Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability in VMware Aria Automation was privately reported to VMware. Patches are available to remediate this vulnerability in affected VMware products.

What should I do?

We recommend upgrading to VMware Aria Automation 8.18.1 patch 2.

• VMSA-2025-0008
• CVE-2025-22249

2025-05-22 Update:Added patch versions for Ubuntu node pools on GKE.

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS nodes:

• CVE-2025-21702

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GDC software for VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GDC software for bare metal security bulletin

2025-06-02 Update:Added patch versions for Ubuntu node pools on GKE.

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS nodes:

• CVE-2025-21971

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GDC software for VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GDC software for bare metal security bulletin

A vulnerability in Looker allowed users with admin permissions (specifically: manage_project_connections_restricted ) in Looker to read files from the underlying host filesystem and query internal network endpoints. This issue is now resolved, and no user action is required for Looker-hosted customers using Looker (Google Cloud core) and Looker (original). Self-hosted Looker instances are advised to update to the latest supported version.

This vulnerability has been patched in all supported versions of customer-hosted Looker, which are available on the Looker download page .

What should I do?

• For all Looker-hosted instances, including both Looker (Google Cloud core) and Looker (original) instances, there are no actions you need to take.
• For Looker customer-hosted instances, please update to the latest supported version of Looker as soon as possible. The versions below have all been updated to protect from this vulnerability. You can download these versions at the Looker download page:
  • 25.4 -> 25.4.29+
  • 25.2 -> 25.2.34+
  • 25.0 -> 25.0.55+
  • 24.18 -> 24.18.185+
  • 24.12 -> 24.12.95+
  • 24.6 -> 24.6.107+

2025-06-26 Update:Added patch versions for GDC software for VMware.

2025-05-22 Update:Added patch versions for Ubuntu node pools on GKE.

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS and Ubuntu nodes:

• CVE-2025-21701

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GDC software for VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GDC software for bare metal security bulletin

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS and Ubuntu nodes:

• CVE-2025-40364

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GDC software for VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GDC software for bare metal security bulletin

2025-05-22 Update:Added patch versions for Ubuntu node pools on GKE.

2025-05-05 Update:Added patch versions for GDC software for VMware. Updated severity for GDC software for VMware to High.

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS nodes:

• CVE-2025-21756

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GDC software for VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GDC software for bare metal security bulletin

2025-05-22 Update:Added patch versions for Ubuntu node pools on GKE.

2025-04-29 Update:Added patch version for GDC software for VMware. Updated severity for GDC software for VMware to High.

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS nodes:

• CVE-2023-52927

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GDC software for VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GDC software for bare metal security bulletin

2025-05-22 Update:Added patch versions for Ubuntu node pools on GKE.

2025-04-17 Update:Added patch versions for GDC (VMware). Updated GDC (VMware) severity from Pending to High.

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS nodes:

• CVE-2025-21700

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GDC software for VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GDC software for bare metal security bulletin

2025-05-22 Update:Added patch versions for Ubuntu node pools on GKE.

2025-05-05 Update:Added patch versions for GDC software for VMware. Updated severity for GDC software for VMware to High.

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS nodes:

• CVE-2025-21703

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GDC software for VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GDC software for bare metal security bulletin

Several security issues have been discovered in the NGINX Ingress Controller, ingress-nginx , an open source software component that runs inside Kubernetes clusters to help manage network traffic coming into the cluster. The most critical is CVE-2025-1974. For the full details and a complete list, see the Kubernetes CVE feed .

These issues affect ingress-nginx . If you do not have ingress-nginx installed on your cluster, you are not affected.

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GDC software for VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GDC software for bare metal security bulletin

2025-04-10 Update:Added patch versions for Ubuntu GKE nodes and GDC software for VMware. Updated severity for GDC software for VMware to High.

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS nodes:

• CVE-2024-53164

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GDC software for VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GDC software for bare metal security bulletin

VMware disclosed multiple vulnerabilities in VMSA-2025-0004 that impact ESXi components deployed in customer environments.

VMware Engine impact

Your private clouds are either already patched or are in the process of being updated to address the security vulnerability. As part of the VMware Engine service, all customers get dedicated bare metal hosts with local attached disks that are physically isolated from other hardware. This means that the vulnerability is scoped to guest VMs within your specific private cloud only.

Your private clouds will be updated to 7.0u3s Build number 24534642. This is equivalent to 7.0U3s: Build number 24585291.

What should I do?

Follow instructions from Broadcom and your security vendors regarding this vulnerability.

• VMSA-2025-0004
• CVE-2025-22224
• CVE-2025-22225
• CVE-2025-22226

2025-06-02 Update:Added patch versions for Ubuntu node pools on GKE.

2025-04-10 Update:Added patch versions for GDC software for VMware. Updated severity for GDC software for VMware to High.

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS nodes:

• CVE-2024-56770

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GDC software for VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GDC software for bare metal security bulletin

The Envoy project recently announced several new security vulnerabilities ( CVE-2024-53269 , CVE-2024-53270 , and CVE-2024-53271 ) that could allow an attacker to crash Envoy.

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GDC software for VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GDC software for bare metal security bulletin

• CVE-2024-53269
• CVE-2024-53270
• CVE-2024-53271

2025-04-10 Update:Added patch versions for GDC software for VMware. Updated severity for GDC software for VMware to High.

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS and Ubuntu nodes:

• CVE-2024-53141

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GDC software for VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GDC software for bare metal security bulletin

A vulnerability in the Google Secret Manager Provider for Secret Store CSI Driver allows an attacker with Pod and Secret creation permissions in a namespace to exfiltrate the CSI driver's Kubernetes service account token by mounting a malicious volume on a Pod.

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GDC software for VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GDC software for bare metal security bulletin

Per VMware security advisory VMSA-2025-0001, a server-side request forgery (SSRF) vulnerability in VMware Aria Automation was responsibly reported to VMware. Patches are available to remediate this vulnerability in affected VMware products.

What should I do?

We recommend upgrading to VMware Aria Automation 8.18.2 HF.

• VMSA-2025-0001
• CVE-2025-22215

2025-01-23 Update:Added patch versions for Ubuntu node pools on GKE.

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS nodes:

• CVE-2024-50264

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GDC software for VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GDC software for bare metal security bulletin

2025-01-23 Update:Added patch versions for Ubuntu node pools on GKE.

2025-01-22 Update:Added patch versions for GDC (VMware). Updated severity for GDC (VMware) to Medium.

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS nodes:

• CVE-2024-53057

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GDC software for VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GDC software for bare metal security bulletin

2025-01-23 Update:Updated the Affected resourcessection in the GKE tab.

2025-01-08 Update:Corrected the start date and time of the issue.

A security issue impacted resources in VPCs with GKE Multi-Cluster Gateway (MCG) configured. MCG is an optional feature that is used by a small subset of GKE customers. We are individually notifying customers who had the feature enabled during that time period.

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GDC software for VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GDC software for bare metal security bulletin

The following CVEs expose Cloud Service Mesh to exploitable vulnerabilities:

• CVE-2024-53269: Happy Eyeballs: Validate that additional_address are IP addresses instead of crashing when sorting.
• CVE-2024-53270: HTTP/1: Sending overload crashes when the request is reset beforehand.
• CVE-2024-53271: HTTP/1.1 Multiple issues with envoy.reloadable_features.http1_balsa_delay_reset.

For instructions and more details, see the Cloud Service Mesh security bulletin.

• CVE-2024-53269
  
• CVE-2024-53270
  
• CVE-2024-53271
  

Per VMware security advisory VMSA-2024-0022, multiple vulnerabilities in VMware Aria Operations were responsibly reported to VMware. Updates are available to remediate these vulnerabilities in the affected VMware product.

What should I do?

We recommend upgrading to VMware Aria Operations 8.18.2.

• VMSA-2024-0022
• CVE-2024-38830
• CVE-2024-38831
• CVE-2024-38832
• CVE-2024-38833
• CVE-2024-38834

2025-01-22 Update:Added patch versions for GDC (VMware). Updated GDC (VMware) severity from Pending to High.

2024-12-12 Update:Added patch versions for Ubuntu node pools on GKE.

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS and Ubuntu nodes:

• CVE-2024-46800

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GDC software for VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GDC software for bare metal security bulletin

A security issue discovered in Kubernetes clusters could result in remote code execution using a gitRepo volume. If the git repository is maliciously constructed, a user with the ability to create a Pod and associate a gitRepo volume could execute arbitrary commands beyond the container boundary.

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GDC software for VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GDC software for bare metal security bulletin

Per VMware security advisory VMSA-2024-0020, multiple vulnerabilities in VMware NSX were responsibly reported to VMware.

The version NSX-T running on your VMware Engine environment is not impacted by CVE-2024-38815, CVE-2024-38818, or CVE-2024-38817.

What should I do?

Because VMware Engine clusters are not affected by this vulnerability, no further action is required.

• VMSA-2024-0020
• CVE-2024-38815
• CVE-2024-38817
• CVE-2024-38818

Per VMware security advisory VMSA-2024-0021, an authenticated SQL injection vulnerability in VMware HCX was privately reported to VMware.

We have applied the mitigation approved by VMware to address this vulnerability. This fix addresses a security vulnerability described in CVE-2024-38814. The image versions running in your VMware Engine private cloud don't reflect any change at this time to indicate the changes applied. Appropriate mitigations have been installed and your environment is secured from this vulnerability.

What should I do?

We recommend upgrading to VMware HCX version 4.9.2.

• VMSA-2024-0021
• CVE-2024-38814

Migrate to Containers for Windows versions 1.1.0 to 1.2.2 created a local m2cuser with administrator privileges. This posed a security risk if the analyze or generate commands were interrupted by the user or due to an internal error causing skipping the action to delete the local user m2cuser .

What should I do?

The following versions of Migrate to Containers CLI for Windows have been updated with code to fix this vulnerability. We recommend that you manually upgrade your Migrate to Containers CLI to the following version or higher:

• Migrate to Containers CLI for Windows 1.2.3 released on October 8, 2024 - Migrate to Containers CLI release notes | Google Cloud

What vulnerabilities are being addressed?

The vulnerability, CVE-2024-9858, allows an attacker to gain administrator access to impacted Windows machines using the local administrator user created by the Migrate to Containers software.

2024-11-19 Update:Added patch versions for Ubuntu node pools on GKE.

2024-10-15 Update:Added patch versions for GDC (VMware). Updated GKE and GDC (VMware) severity levels.

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS and Ubuntu nodes:

• CVE-2024-45016

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GDC software for VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GDC software for bare metal security bulletin

A vulnerability chain (CVE-2024-47076, CVE-2024-47175, CVE-2024-47176, CVE-2024-47177) that could result in remote code execution was discovered in the CUPS printing system used by some Linux distributions. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability if the CUPS services are listening on UDP port 631 and they can connect to it.

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GDC software for VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GDC software for bare metal security bulletin

• CVE-2024-47076
• CVE-2024-47175
• CVE-2024-47176
• CVE-2024-47177

An HTTP Request Smuggling vulnerability in Looker allowed an unauthorized attacker to capture HTTP responses destined for legitimate users.

There are two Looker versions that are hosted by Looker:

• Looker (Google Cloud core) was found to be vulnerable. This issue has already been mitigated and our investigation has found no signs of exploitation.
• Looker (original) was not vulnerable to this issue.

Customer-hosted Looker instances were found to be vulnerable and must be upgraded to one of the versions below.

This vulnerability has been patched in all supported versions of customer-hosted Looker, which are available on the Looker download page .

What should I do?

• For all Looker-hosted instances, including Looker (Google Cloud core) instances, there are no actions you need to take.
• For Looker customer-hosted instances, please update to the latest supported version of Looker as soon as possible. The versions below have all been updated to protect from this vulnerability. You can download these versions at the Looker download page:
  • 23.12 -> 23.12.123+
  • 23.18 -> 23.18.117+
  • 24.0 -> 24.0.92+
  • 24.6 -> 24.6.77+
  • 24.8 -> 24.8.66+
  • 24.10 -> 24.10.78+
  • 24.12 -> 24.12.56+
  • 24.14 -> 24.14.37+

What vulnerabilities are being addressed?

The vulnerability, CVE-2024-8912, allows an attacker to send crafted HTTP request headers to Looker, possibly resulting in the interception of HTTP responses destined for other users.

These responses could contain sensitive information.

This vulnerability is only exploitable under certain specific configurations.

A security issue was discovered in Kubernetes clusters with Windows nodes where BUILTIN\Users may be able to read container logs and NT AUTHORITY\Authenticated Users may be able to modify container logs.

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GDC software for VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GDC software for bare metal security bulletin

When parsing unknown fields in the Protobuf Java Full and Lite libraries, a maliciously crafted message can cause a StackOverflow error and lead to a program crash.

What should I do?

We have been working diligently to address this issue and have released a mitigation that is available now. We encourage that you're using the latest versions of the following software packages:

• protobuf-java (3.25.5, 4.27.5, 4.28.2)
• protobuf-javalite (3.25.5, 4.27.5, 4.28.2)
• protobuf-kotlin (3.25.5, 4.27.5, 4.28.2)
• protobuf-kotlin-lite (3.25.5, 4.27.5, 4.28.2)
• com-protobuf [JRuby gem only] (3.25.5, 4.27.5, 4.28.2)

What vulnerabilities are addressed by this patch?

This vulnerability is a potential Denial of Service.

Parsing nested groups as unknown fields with DiscardUnknownFieldsParser or Java Protobuf Lite parser, or against Protobuf map fields, creates unbounded recursions that can be abused by an attacker.

CVSS4.0 score 8.7

High

The following CVEs expose Cloud Service Mesh to exploitable vulnerabilities:

• CVE-2024-45807: oghttp2 crash on OnBeginHeadersForStream
• CVE-2024-45808: Malicious log injection via access logs
• CVE-2024-45806: Potential to manipulate `x-envoy` headers from external sources
• CVE-2024-45809: JWT filter crash in the clear route cache with remote JWKs
• CVE-2024-45810: Envoy crashes for LocalReply in http async client

For instructions and more details, see the Cloud Service Mesh security bulletin .

• CVE-2024-45807
  
• CVE-2024-45808
  
• CVE-2024-45806
  
• CVE-2024-45809
  
• CVE-2024-45810
  

VMware disclosed multiple vulnerabilities in VMSA-2024-0019 that impact vCenter components deployed in customer environments.

VMware Engine impact

• Google has already disabled any potential exploit of this vulnerability. For example, Google has blocked the ports through which this vulnerability could be exploited.
• In addition, Google ensures all future deployments of vCenter are not exposed to this vulnerability.

What should I do?

No further action is required at this time.

• CVE-2024-38812
• CVE-2024-38813

A new remote code execution vulnerability (CVE-2024-38063) has been discovered in Windows. An attacker could remotely exploit this vulnerability by sending specially crafted IPv6 packets to a host.

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GDC software for VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GDC software for bare metal security bulletin

2024-11-01 Update:Added patch versions for Ubuntu node pools on GKE.

2024-10-21 Update:Added patch versions and updated Severity for GDC (VMware).

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS and Ubuntu nodes:

• CVE-2024-36978

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GDC software for VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GDC software for bare metal security bulletin

2024-10-30 Update:Added patch versions for Ubuntu node pools on GKE.

2024-10-25 Update:Added patch versions and updated Severity for GDC (VMware).

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS and Ubuntu nodes:

• CVE-2024-41009

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GDC software for VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GDC software for bare metal security bulletin

2024-10-30 Update:Added patch versions for Ubuntu node pools on GKE.

2024-10-21 Update:Added patch versions and updated Severity for GDC (VMware).

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS and Ubuntu nodes:

• CVE-2024-39503

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GDC software for VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GDC software for bare metal security bulletin

2024-09-19 Update:Added patch versions for GDC software for VMware.

2024-08-21 Update:Added patch versions for Ubuntu node pools on GKE.

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS and Ubuntu nodes:

• CVE-2024-26925

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GDC software for VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GDC software for bare metal security bulletin

2024-10-30 Update:Added patch versions for Ubuntu node pools on GKE.

2024-10-21 Update:Added patch versions and updated Severity for GDC (VMware).

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS and Ubuntu nodes:

• CVE-2024-36972

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GDC software for VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GDC software for bare metal security bulletin

2024-10-02 Update:Added patch versions for Ubuntu node pools on GKE.

2024-09-20 Update:Added patch versions for GDC software for VMware.

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS and Ubuntu nodes:

• CVE-2024-26921

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GDC software for VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GDC software for bare metal security bulletin

2024-07-18 Update:Clarified that Autopilot clusters in the default configuration aren't impacted.

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS and Ubuntu nodes:

• CVE-2024-26809

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GDC software for VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GDC software for bare metal security bulletin

2024-09-16 Update:Added patch versions for GDC software for VMware.

2024-07-19 Update:Added patch versions for Ubuntu node pools on GKE.

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS and Ubuntu nodes:

• CVE-2023-52654
• CVE-2023-52656

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GDC software for VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GDC software for bare metal security bulletin

• CVE-2023-52654
• CVE-2023-52656

2024-07-16 Updates:

Some Serverless VPC Access customers are potentially impacted by a vulnerability in OpenSSH (CVE-2024-6387). In the case of successful exploit, this could allow a remote, unauthenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code as root on the target virtual machine. Exploitation is believed to be difficult. For example, customers can't access the VMs and the VMs don't have public IPs. We are not aware of any exploitation attempts.

What should I do?

Serverless VPC Access deployments have been automatically updated by Google where possible. However, you should verify that the Google-managed service agent has its required role . If not, your Serverless VPC Access connector might still be vulnerable. We recommend that you migrate to Direct VPC egress , or deploy a new connector and delete the old connector, to ensure that you have the required update with the fix.

2024-07-11 Update:Added patch versions for GDC software for VMware, GKE on AWS, and GKE on Azure. For details, in the GKE documentation, see the following bulletins:

• GDC software for VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin

2024-07-10 Update:

• Added security bulletin for Migrate to Virtual Machines.

2024-07-09 Updates:

Some App Engine flexible environment customers are potentially impacted by a vulnerability in OpenSSH (CVE-2024-6387). In the case of successful exploit, this could allow a remote, unauthenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code as root on the target virtual machine.

What should I do?

Google has already updated flexible environment deployments automatically where possible. However some customers who disabled the Google-managed service agent , or made changes to the Google Cloud APIs or other default configurations, could not be updated and might still be vulnerable. You should deploy a new version of your app to pick up the update with the fix.

Please note that updated deployments will report ssh version OpenSSH_9.6p1 . This version has been patched with a fix for CVE-2024-6387.

What vulnerabilities are being addressed?

The vulnerability CVE-2024-6387, which allows a remote, unauthenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code as root on the target machine.

2024-07-08 Updates:

Dataproc clusters on Google Compute Engine running on image version 2.2 (all operating systems) and 2.1 (Debian only) are impacted by a vulnerability in OpenSSH (CVE-2024-6387) which in case of successful exploit could allow a remote, unauthenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code as root on the target machine.

Dataproc on Google Compute Engine image versions 2.0 and 1.5, as well as Dataproc images version 2.1 not running on Debian, are not impacted. Dataproc clusters with Personal Authentication enabled are not impacted. Dataproc Serverless is also not impacted.

What should I do?

Please update your Dataproc clusters on Google Compute Engine to one the following versions:

• 2.2.24 or later
• 2.1.58 or later

In case you are not able to update your Dataproc clusters to one of the versions above, we recommend using the initialization action available at this location: gs://dataproc-initialization-actions/hotfixes/openssh-CVE-2024-6387-mitigation.sh

Please follow these instructions on how to specify initialization actions for Dataproc . Please note that the initialization action has to be run on every node (masters and workers) for pre-existing clusters.

2024-07-03 Updates:

• Added patch versions for GKE.
• Added security bulletin for GDC connected.

2024-07-02 Updates:

• Clarified that Autopilot clusters are impacted and will require user action.
• Added impact assessments and mitigation steps for GDC software for VMware, GKE on AWS, and GKE on Azure.
• Corrected the GDC software for bare metal security bulletin to clarify that GDC software for bare metal isn't directly affected and that customers should check with OS vendors for patches.

A remote code execution vulnerability, CVE-2024-6387 , was recently discovered in OpenSSH. The vulnerability exploits a race condition that can be used to obtain access to a remote shell, enabling attackers to gain root access. At the time of publication, exploitation is believed to be difficult and take several hours per machine being attacked. We are not aware of any exploitation attempts.

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• Compute Engine security bulletin
• GKE security bulletin
• GDC software for VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GDC software for bare metal security bulletin
• Google Cloud VMware Engine security bulletin
• Apigee security bulletin
• Dataflow security bulletin
• GDC connected security bulletin
• Migrate to Virtual Machines security bulletin

2024-09-25 Update:Added patch versions for GDC software for VMware.

2024-08-20 Update:Added patch versions for Ubuntu node pools on GKE.

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS and Ubuntu nodes:

• CVE-2024-26923

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GDC software for VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GDC software for bare metal security bulletin

2024-09-17 Update:Added patch versions for GDC software for VMware.

2024-08-06 Update:Added patch versions for Ubuntu node pools on GKE.

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS and Ubuntu nodes:

• CVE-2024-26924

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GDC software for VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GDC software for bare metal security bulletin

VMware disclosed multiple vulnerabilities in VMSA-2024-0012 that impact vCenter components deployed in customer environments.

Google Cloud VMware Engine impact

• The vulnerability can be exploited by accessing specific ports in vCenter Server. Google has already blocked the vulnerable ports on vCenter server, which prevents any potential exploits of this vulnerability.
• In addition, Google ensures all future deployments of vCenter are not exposed to this vulnerability.

What should I do?

No further action is required at this time.

• CVE-2024-37079
• CVE-2024-37080
• CVE-2024-37081

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS nodes:

• CVE-2024-26584

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GKE on Bare Metal security bulletin

2024-07-18 Update:Added patch versions for Ubuntu node pools on GKE and added a patch version for version 1.27 on Container-Optimized OS node pools.

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS and Ubuntu nodes:

• CVE-2024-26584

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GKE on Bare Metal security bulletin

2024-07-10 Update:Added patch versions for Container-Optimized OS nodes running minor version 1.26 and 1.27 and added patch versions for Ubuntu nodes.

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS nodes:

• CVE-2024-26583

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GKE on Bare Metal security bulletin

2024-09-26 Update:Added patch versions for GDC software for VMware.

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS nodes:

• CVE-2022-23222

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GKE on Bare Metal security bulletin

The following CVEs expose Cloud Service Mesh to exploitable vulnerabilities:

• CVE-2024-23326: Envoy incorrectly accepts HTTP 200 response for entering upgrade mode.
• CVE-2024-32974: Crash in EnvoyQuicServerStream::OnInitialHeadersComplete().
• CVE-2024-32975: Crash in QuicheDataReader::PeekVarInt62Length().
• CVE-2024-32976: Endless loop while decompressing Brotli data with extra input.
• CVE-2024-34362: Crash (use-after-free) in EnvoyQuicServerStream.
• CVE-2024-34363: Crash due to uncaught nlohmann JSON exception.
• CVE-2024-34364: Envoy OOM vector from HTTP async client with unbounded response buffer for mirror response.

For instructions and more details, see the Cloud Service Mesh security bulletin .

• CVE-2024-23326
  
• CVE-2024-32974
  
• CVE-2024-32975
  
• CVE-2024-32976
  
• CVE-2024-34362
  
• CVE-2024-34363
  
• CVE-2024-34364
  

A new vulnerability (CVE-2024-4323) has been discovered in Fluent Bit that could result in remote code execution. Fluent Bit versions 2.0.7 through 3.0.3 are affected.

GKE, GKE on VMware, GKE on AWS, GKE on Azure, and GKE on Bare Metal don't use a vulnerable version of Fluent Bit and are unaffected.

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GKE on Bare Metal security bulletin

2024-07-18 Update:Added patch versions for Ubuntu node pools on GKE

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS and Ubuntu nodes:

• CVE-2023-52620

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GKE on Bare Metal security bulletin

2024-08-19 Update:Added patch versions for Ubuntu node pools on GKE.

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS and Ubuntu nodes:

• CVE-2024-26642

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GKE on Bare Metal security bulletin

2024-05-22 Update:Added patch versions for Ubuntu

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS and Ubuntu nodes:

• CVE-2024-26581

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GKE on Bare Metal security bulletin

2024-09-25 Update:Added patch versions for GDC software for VMware.

2024-05-15 Update:Added patch versions for GKE Ubuntu node pools.

2024-05-09 Update:Corrected severity from Medium to High and clarified that GKE Autopilot clusters in the default configuration are not impacted.

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS and Ubuntu nodes:

• CVE-2024-26808

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GKE on Bare Metal security bulletin

2024-08-06 Update:Added patch versions for Ubuntu node pools on GKE.

2024-05-09 Update:Corrected severity from Medium to High.

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS and Ubuntu nodes:

• CVE-2024-26643

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GKE on Bare Metal security bulletin

Looker fixed vulnerabilities reported by an external researcher via the Google and Alphabet Vulnerability Reward Program (VRP) program, but found no evidence of exploitation. These issues are now resolved and no user action is required for Looker-hosted customers on Looker (Google Cloud core) and Looker (original). Self-hosted Looker instances are advised to update to the latest supported version.

What should I do?

Looker-hosted instances: Looker (Google Cloud core) and Looker (original) instances

No customer action is required.

Self-hosted Looker instances only

If your Looker instance is self-hosted, we recommend upgrading your Looker instances to one of the following versions :

• 24.6.12+
• 24.4.27+
• 24.2.58+
• 24.0.65+
• 23.18.100+
• 23.12.105+
• 23.6.163+

How was this fixed?

Google disabled direct administrative access to the internal database from the Looker application, removed elevated privileges that enabled cross-tenant access, and rotated the exposed secrets. Additionally, we have patched path traversal vulnerabilities that potentially exposed service account credentials. We are also conducting a thorough review of our code and systems to identify and address any similar potential vulnerabilities.

2024-07-18 Update:Added patch versions for Ubuntu node pools on GKE

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS and Ubuntu nodes:

• CVE-2024-26585

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GKE on Bare Metal security bulletin

The following CVEs expose Cloud Service Mesh to exploitable vulnerabilities:

• CVE-2024-27919: HTTP/2: memory exhaustion due to CONTINUATION frame flood.
• CVE-2024-30255: HTTP/2: CPU exhaustion due to CONTINUATION frame flood
• CVE-2024-32475: Abnormal termination when using 'auto_sni' with ':authority' header longer than 255 characters.
• CVE-2023-45288: HTTP/2 CONTINUATION frames can be utilized for DoS attacks.

For instructions and more details, see the Cloud Service Mesh security bulletin .

• CVE-2024-27919
  
• CVE-2024-30255
  
• CVE-2024-32475
  
• CVE-2023-45288
  

2024-07-17 Update:Added patch versions for GKE on VMware

2024-07-09 Update:Added patch versions for GKE on Bare Metal

2024-04-24 Update:Added patch versions for GKE.

A Denial-of-Service (DoS) vulnerability (CVE-2023-45288) was recently discovered in multiple implementations of the HTTP/2 protocol, including the golang HTTP server used by Kubernetes. The vulnerability could lead to a DoS of the Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE) control plane.

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GKE on Bare Metal security bulletin

2024-05-06 Update:Added patch versions for GKE Ubuntu node pools.

2024-04-04 Update:Corrected minimum versions for GKE Container-Optimized OS node pools.

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS and Ubuntu nodes:

• CVE-2024-1085

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GKE on Bare Metal security bulletin

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS and Ubuntu nodes:

• CVE-2023-3611

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GKE on Bare Metal security bulletin

VMware disclosed multiple vulnerabilities in VMSA-2024-0006 that impact ESXi components deployed in customer environments.

Google Cloud VMware Engine impact

Your private clouds have been updated to address the security vulnerability.

What should I do?

No action is needed on your part.

• VMSA-2024-0006
• CVE-2024-22252
• CVE-2024-22253
• CVE-2024-22254
• CVE-2024-22255

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS and Ubuntu nodes:

• CVE-2023-3776

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GKE on Bare Metal security bulletin

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS and Ubuntu nodes:

• CVE-2023-3610

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GKE on Bare Metal security bulletin

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS and Ubuntu nodes:

• CVE-2024-0193

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GKE on Bare Metal security bulletin

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS and Ubuntu nodes:

• CVE-2023-6932

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GKE on Bare Metal security bulletin

2024-04-17 Update:Added patch versions for GKE on VMware.

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS and Ubuntu nodes.

• CVE-2023-6931

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GKE on Bare Metal security bulletin

On February 13, 2024, AMD disclosed two vulnerabilities affecting SEV-SNP on EPYC CPUs based on third generation "Milan" and fourth generation "Genoa" Zen cores. The vulnerabilities allow privileged attackers to access stale data from guests or cause a loss of guest integrity.

Google has applied fixes to affected assets, including Google Cloud, to ensure customers are protected. At this time, no evidence of exploitation has been found or reported to Google.

What should I do?

No customer action is required. Fixes have already been applied to the Google server fleet for Google Cloud, including Compute Engine.

For more information, see AMD security bulletin AMD-SN-3007 .

• CVE-2023-31346
• CVE-2023-31347

CVE-2023-5528 allows an attacker to create pods and persistent volumes on Windows nodes in a way that enables admin privilege escalation on those nodes.

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GKE on Bare Metal security bulletin

The following CVEs expose Cloud Service Mesh to exploitable vulnerabilities:

• CVE-2024-23322: Envoy crashes when idle and requests per try timeout occur within the backoff interval.
• CVE-2024-23323: Excessive CPU usage when URI template matcher is configured using regex.
• CVE-2024-23324: External authorization can be bypassed when Proxy protocol filter sets invalid UTF-8 metadata.
• Envoy crashes when using an address type that isn't supported by the OS.
• CVE-2024-23327: Crash in proxy protocol when command type is LOCAL .

For instructions and more details, see the Cloud Service Meshsecurity bulletin .

• CVE-2024-23322
  
• CVE-2024-23323
  
• CVE-2024-23324
  
• CVE-2024-23325
  
• CVE-2024-23327
  

When an Apigee API Management proxy connects to a target endpoint or target server , the proxy does not perform hostname validation for the certificate presented by the target endpoint or target server by default. If hostname validation is not enabled using one of the following options, Apigee proxies connecting to a target endpoint or target server may be at risk for a man-in-the-middle attack by an authorized user. For more information, see Configuring TLS from Edge to the backend (Cloud and Private Cloud) .

Apigee proxy deployments on the following Apigee platforms are affected:

• Apigee Edge for Public Cloud
• Apigee Edge for Private Cloud

For instructions and more details, see the Apigee security bulletin .

2024-05-06 Update: Added patch versions for GKE on AWS and GKE on Azure.

2024-04-02 Update: Added patch versions for GKE on Bare Metal

2024-03-06 Update: Added patch versions for GKE on VMware

2024-02-28 Update: Added patch versions for Ubuntu

2024-02-15 Update: Clarified that the 1.25 and 1.26 Ubuntu patch versions in the 2024-02-14 update might cause unhealthy nodes.

2024-02-14 Update: Added patch versions for Ubuntu

2024-02-06 Update:Added patch versions for Container-Optimized OS.

A security vulnerability, CVE-2024-21626, has been discovered in runc where a user with permission to create Pods on Container-Optimized OS and Ubuntu nodes might be able to gain full access to the node filesystem.

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GKE on Bare Metal security bulletin

2024-02-07 Update:Added patch versions for Ubuntu.

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS and Ubuntu nodes.

• CVE-2023-6817

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GKE on Bare Metal security bulletin

2024-01-26 Update:Clarified the number of affected clusters and the actions that we took to help mitigate the impact. For details, see the GCP-2024-003 security bulletin .

We have identified several clusters where users have granted Kubernetes privileges to the system:authenticated group, which includes all users with a Google account. These types of bindings are not recommended , as they violate the principle of least privilege and grant access to very large groups of users. See guidance under 'What should I do' for instructions on how to find these types of bindings.

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin

2024-02-20 Update:Added patch versions for GKE on VMware.

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS nodes.

• CVE-2023-6111

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GKE on Bare Metal security bulletin

Several vulnerabilities were discovered in the TianoCore EDK II UEFI firmware. This firmware is used in Google Compute Engine VMs. If exploited, the vulnerabilities could allow a bypass of secure boot, which would provide false measurements in the secure boot process, including when used in Shielded VMs.

What should I do?

No action is required. Google has patched this vulnerability across Compute Engine and all VMs are protected from this vulnerability.

What vulnerabilities are addressed by this patch?

The patch mitigated the following vulnerabilities:

• CVE-2022-36763
• CVE-2022-36764
• CVE-2022-36765

• CVE-2022-36763
• CVE-2022-36764
• CVE-2022-36765

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS and Ubuntu nodes.

• CVE-2023-3609

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GKE on Bare Metal security bulletin

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS and Ubuntu nodes.

• CVE-2023-3389

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GKE on Bare Metal security bulletin

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS and Ubuntu nodes.

• CVE-2023-3090

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GKE on Bare Metal security bulletin

2023-12-21 Update:Clarify that GKE Autopilot clusters in the default configuration are not impacted.

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS and Ubuntu nodes.

• CVE-2023-3390

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GKE on Bare Metal security bulletin

An attacker who has compromised the Fluent Bit logging container could combine that access with high privileges required by Cloud Service Mesh (on clusters that have enabled it) to escalate privileges in the cluster.

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GKE on Bare Metal security bulletin

2024-03-04 Update:Added GKE versions for GKE on VMware.

2024-01-22 Update:Added Ubuntu patch versions

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS and Ubuntu nodes.

• CVE-2023-5717

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• GKE on Bare Metal security bulletin

2023-12-21 Update:Clarify that GKE Autopilot clusters in the default configuration are not impacted.

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS and Ubuntu nodes.

• CVE-2023-5197

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• Google Distributed Cloud Virtual for Bare Metal security bulletin

On November 14, AMD disclosed multiple vulnerabilities that impact various AMD server CPUs. Specifically, the vulnerabilities impact EPYC Server CPUs leveraging Zen core generation 2 "Rome," gen 3 "Milan," and gen 4 "Genoa."

Google has applied fixes to affected assets, including Google Cloud, to ensure customers are protected. At this time, no evidence of exploitation has been found or reported to Google.

What should I do?

No customer action is required.

Fixes have already been applied to the Google server fleet for Google Cloud, including Google Compute Engine.

What vulnerabilities are being addressed?

The patch mitigated the following vulnerabilities:

• CVE-2022-23820
• CVE-2021-46774
• CVE-2023-20533
• CVE-2023-20519
• CVE-2023-20592
• CVE-2023-20566
• CVE-2023-20521
• CVE-2021-46766
• CVE-2022-23830
• CVE-2023-20526
• CVE-2021-26345

For more information, see AMD's security advisory AMD-SN-3005: "AMD INVD Instruction Security Notice" , also published as CacheWarp, and AMD-SN-3002: "AMD Server Vulnerabilities – November 2023" .

• CVE-2022-23820
• CVE-2021-46774
• CVE-2023-20533
• CVE-2023-20519
• CVE-2023-20592
• CVE-2023-20566
• CVE-2022-23830
• CVE-2023-20526
• CVE-2021-26345

Intel disclosed a CPU vulnerability in select processors. Google has taken steps to mitigate its server fleet, including Google Compute Engine for Google Cloud, and Chrome OS devices to ensure customers are protected.

The vulnerability details:

• CVE-2023-23583

What should I do?

No customer action is required.

The mitigation provided by Intel for the affected processors has been applied to the Google server fleet, including Google Compute Engine for Google Cloud.

At this time, Google Distributed Cloud Edge requires an update from the OEM. Google will remediate this product once the update has been made available, and this bulletin will be updated accordingly.

Chrome OS devices with the affected processors received the fix automatically as part of releases 119, 118, and 114 (LTS).

What vulnerabilities are being addressed?

CVE-2023-23583. For details, see Intel Security Advisory INTEL-SA-00950 .

2023-11-15 Update:Clarify that only the listed minor versions need to upgrade to a corresponding patched version for GKE.

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS and Ubuntu nodes.

• CVE-2023-4147

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• Google Distributed Cloud Virtual for Bare Metal security bulletin

2023-12-21 Update:Clarify that GKE Autopilot clusters in the default configuration are not impacted.

2023-12-05 Update:Added additional GKE versions for Container-Optimized OS node pools.

2023-11-21 Update:Clarify that only the listed minor versions need to upgrade to a corresponding patched version for GKE.

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS and Ubuntu nodes.

• CVE-2023-4004

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• Google Distributed Cloud Virtual for Bare Metal security bulletin

2023-12-21 Update:Clarify that GKE Autopilot clusters in the default configuration are not impacted.

2023-11-21 Update:Clarify that only the listed minor versions need to upgrade to a corresponding patched version for GKE.

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS and Ubuntu nodes.

• CVE-2023-4921

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• Google Distributed Cloud Virtual for Bare Metal security bulletin

2023-11-21 Update:Clarify that only the listed minor versions need to upgrade to a corresponding patched version for GKE.

2023-11-16 Update:The vulnerability associated with this security bulletin is CVE-2023-4622 . CVE-2023-4623 was incorrectly listed as the vulnerability in a previous version of the security bulletin.

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS and Ubuntu nodes.

• CVE-2023-4623

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• Google Distributed Cloud Virtual for Bare Metal security bulletin

2023-12-21 Update:Clarify that GKE Autopilot clusters in the default configuration are not impacted.

2023-11-21 Update:Clarify that only the listed minor versions need to upgrade to a corresponding patched version for GKE.

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS and Ubuntu nodes.

• CVE-2023-4623

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• Google Distributed Cloud Virtual for Bare Metal security bulletin

2023-12-21 Update:Clarify that GKE Autopilot clusters in the default configuration are not impacted.

2023-11-21 Update:Clarify that only the listed minor versions need to upgrade to a corresponding patched version for GKE.

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS and Ubuntu nodes.

• CVE-2023-4015

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• Google Distributed Cloud Virtual for Bare Metal security bulletin

2023-12-21 Update:Clarify that GKE Autopilot clusters in the default configuration are not impacted.

2023-11-21 Update:Clarify that only the listed minor versions need to upgrade to a corresponding patched version for GKE.

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS and Ubuntu nodes.

• CVE-2023-4206
• CVE-2023-4207
• CVE-2023-4208
• CVE-2023-4128

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• Google Distributed Cloud Virtual for Bare Metal security bulletin

VMware disclosed multiple vulnerabilities in VMSA-2023-0023 that impact vCenter components deployed in customer environments.

Cloud Customer Care impact

• The vulnerability can be exploited by accessing specific ports in vCenter Server. These ports are not exposed to the public internet.
• If your vCenter ports 2012/tcp, 2014/tcp, and 2020/tcp are not accessible by untrusted systems, then you are not exposed to this vulnerability.
• Google has already blocked the vulnerable ports on vCenter server, preventing any potential exploit of this vulnerability.
• In addition, Google will ensure all future deployments of vCenter server are not exposed to this vulnerability.
• At the time of the bulletin, VMware is not aware of any exploitation "in the wild". For more details please refer to the VMware documentation for more information.

What should I do?

No further action is required at this time

2023-12-21 Update:Clarify that GKE Autopilot clusters in the default configuration are not impacted and GKE Sandbox workloads are not impacted.

2023-11-21 Update:Clarify that only the listed minor versions need to upgrade to a corresponding patched version for GKE.

The following vulnerabilities were discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on Container-Optimized OS and Ubuntu nodes.

• CVE-2023-3777

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• Google Distributed Cloud Virtual for Bare Metal security bulletin

2024-03-20 Update:Added patch versions for GKE on AWS and GKE on Azure with the latest patches for CVE-2023-44487.

2024-02-14 Update:Added patch versions for GKE on VMware.

2023-11-09 Update:Added CVE-2023-39325. Updated GKE versions with the latest patches for CVE-2023-44487 and CVE-2023-39325.

A Denial-of-Service (DoS) vulnerability was recently discovered in multiple implementations of the HTTP/2 protocol (CVE-2023-44487), including the golang HTTP server used by Kubernetes. The vulnerability could lead to a DoS of the Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE) control plane. GKE clusters with authorized networks configured are protected by limiting network access, but all other clusters are affected.

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• Google Distributed Cloud Virtual for Bare Metal security bulletin

TorchServe is used to host PyTorch machine learning models for online prediction. Vertex AI provides prebuilt PyTorch model serving containers which depend on TorchServe. Vulnerabilities were recently discovered in TorchServe which would allow an attacker to take control of a TorchServe deployment if its model management API is exposed. Customers with PyTorch models deployed to Vertex AI online prediction are not affected by these vulnerabilities, since Vertex AI does not expose TorchServe's model management API. Customers using TorchServe outside of Vertex AI should take precautions to ensure their deployments are set up securely.

What should I do?

Vertex AI customers with deployed models using Vertex AI's prebuilt PyTorch serving containers do not need to take any action to address the vulnerabilities, since Vertex AI's deployments do not expose TorchServe's management server to the internet.

Customers who are using the prebuilt PyTorch containers in other contexts, or who are using a custom-built or third-party distribution of TorchServe, should do the following:

• Ensure that TorchServe's model management API is not exposed to the internet. The model management API can be restricted to local access only by ensuring that the management_address is bound to 127.0.0.1 .
• Use the allowed_urls setting to ensure that models can be loaded from intended sources only.
• Upgrade TorchServe to version 0.8.2, which includes mitigations for this issue, as soon as possible. As a precaution, Vertex AI will release fixed prebuilt containers by 2023-10-13.

What vulnerabilities are being addressed?

TorchServe's management API is bound to 0.0.0.0 by default in most TorchServe Docker images, including those released by Vertex AI, making it accessible to external requests. The default IP address for the management API is changed to 127.0.0.1 in TorchServe 0.8.2, mitigating this issue.

CVE-2023-43654 and CVE-2022-1471 allow a user with access to the management API to load models from arbitrary sources and remotely execute code. Mitigations for both of these issues are included in TorchServe 0.8.2: the remote code execution path is removed, and a warning is emitted if the default value for allowed_urls is used.

VMware vCenter Server updates address multiple memory corruption vulnerabilities (CVE-2023-20892, CVE-2023-20893, CVE-2023-20894, CVE-2023-20895, CVE-2023-20896)

Customer Care impact

VMware vCenter Server (vCenter Server) and VMware Cloud Foundation (Cloud Foundation).

What should I do?

Customers are not impacted and no action needs to be taken.

• CVE-2023-20893

Three vulnerabilities (CVE-2023-3676, CVE-2023-3955, CVE-2023-3893) have been discovered in Kubernetes where a user that can create Pods on Windows nodes may be able to escalate to admin privileges on those nodes. These vulnerabilities affect the Windows versions of Kubelet and the Kubernetes CSI proxy.

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• Google Distributed Cloud Virtual for Bare Metal security bulletin

Intel recently announced Intel Security Advisory INTEL-SA-00828 impacting some of their processor families. You are encouraged to assess your risks based on the advisory.

Google Cloud VMware Engine impact

Our fleet utilizes the impacted processor families. In our deployment, the entire server is dedicated to one customer. Hence, our deployment model doesn't add any additional risk to your assessment of this vulnerability.

We are working with our partners to obtain necessary patches and will be deploying these patches on priority across the fleet using the standard upgrade process in the next several weeks.

What should I do?

No action is needed on your part, we are working on upgrading all the impacted systems.

• CVE-2022-40982

2024-06-04 Update:The following missing products have now been updated to fix this vulnerability:

• Google Distributed Cloud Hosted
• Google Distributed Cloud Edge

2023-08-10 Update:Added ChromeOS LTS version number.

Intel disclosed a vulnerability in select processors (CVE-2022-40982). Google has taken steps to mitigate its server fleet, including Google Cloud, to ensure customers are protected.

The vulnerability details:

• CVE-2022-40982 (Intel IPU 2023.3, "GDS" aka "Downfall")

What should I do?

No customer action is required.

All available patches have already been applied to the Google server fleet for Google Cloud, including Google Compute Engine.

At this time, the following products require additional updates from partners and vendors.

• Google Cloud VMware Engine
• Google Distributed Cloud Hosted
• Google Distributed Cloud Edge
• Google Cloud Bare Metal Solution
• Evolved Packet Core

Google will remediate these products once these patches have been made available, and this bulletin will be updated accordingly.

Google Chromebook and ChromeOS Flex customers automatically received the Intel provided mitigations in Stable (115), LTS (108), Beta (116), and LTC (114). Chromebook and ChromeOS Flex customers pinned to an older release should consider unpinning and moving to Stable or LTS releases to ensure they receive this and other vulnerability fixes.

What vulnerabilities are being addressed?

CVE-2022-40982 - For more information, see Intel Security Advisory INTEL-SA-00828 .

AMD disclosed a vulnerability in select processors (CVE-2023-20569). Google has taken steps to mitigate its server fleet, including Google Cloud, to ensure customers are protected.

The vulnerability details:

• CVE-2023-20569 (AMD SB-7005 aka "Inception")

What should I do?

Users of Compute Engine VMs should consider OS provided mitigations if using intra-instance untrusted code execution. We recommend customers to contact their OS vendors for more specific guidance.

Fixes have already been applied to the Google server fleet for Google Cloud, including Google Compute Engine.

What vulnerabilities are being addressed?

CVE-2023-20569 - For more information, see AMD SB-7005 .

Google identified a vulnerability in gRPC C++ Implementations prior to the 1.57 release. This was a Denial-of-Service vulnerability within the gRPC's C++ implementation. These have been fixed in the 1.53.2, 1.54.3, 1.55.2, 1.56.2, and 1.57 releases.

What should I do?

Ensure that you're using the latest versions of the following software packages:

• gRPC (C++, Python, Ruby) versions 1.53, 1.54, 1.55, and 1.56 need to upgrade to the following patch releases:
• 1.53.2
• 1.54.3
• 1.55.2
• 1.56.2
• gRPC (C++, Python, Ruby) versions 1.52 and earlier need to upgrade to one of the approved patch releases. For example, 1.53.2, 1.54.3, 1.53.4, etc.

What vulnerabilities are being addressed?

These patches mitigate the following vulnerabilities:

• Denial-Of-Service vulnerability in gRPC C++ implementations: Specially crafted requests can cause a termination of connection between a proxy and a backend.

The following CVEs expose Cloud Service Mesh to exploitable vulnerabilities:

• CVE-2023-35941: A malicious client is able to construct credentials with permanent validity in some specific scenarios. For example, the combination of host and expiration time in the HMAC payload can be always valid in OAuth2 filter's HMAC check.
• CVE-2023-35942: gRPC access loggers using the listener's global scope can cause a use-after-free crash when the listener is drained. This can be triggered by an LDS update with the same gRPC access log configuration.
• CVE-2023-35943: If origin header is configured to be removed with request_headers_to_remove: origin , CORS filter will segfault and crash Envoy.
• CVE-2023-35944: Attackers can send mixed scheme requests to bypass scheme checks in Envoy. For example, if a request with mixed scheme HTTP is sent to the OAuth2 filter, it will fail the exact-match checks for HTTP, and inform the remote endpoint the scheme is HTTPS, thus potentially bypassing OAuth2 checks specific to HTTP requests.

For instructions and more details, see the Cloud Service Mesh security bulletin .

• CVE-2023-35941
  
• CVE-2023-35942
  
• CVE-2023-35943
  
• CVE-2023-35944
  

A new vulnerability (CVE-2023-2235) has been discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on the node. GKE Autopilot clusters are affected as GKE Autopilot nodes always use Container-Optimized OS node images. GKE Standard clusters with versions 1.25 or later that are running Container-Optimized OS node images are affected.

GKE clusters are not affected if they are running only Ubuntu node images, or running versions before 1.25, or using GKE Sandbox .

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• Google Distributed Cloud Virtual for Bare Metal security bulletin

2023-07-11 Update:New GKE versions have been updated to include the latest Ubuntu versions that patch CVE-2023-31436.

A new vulnerability (CVE-2023-31436) has been discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on the node. GKE clusters, including Autopilot clusters, are affected. GKE clusters using GKE Sandbox are not affected.

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• Google Distributed Cloud Virtual for Bare Metal security bulletin

A number of vulnerabilities have been discovered in Envoy, which is used in Cloud Service Mesh that allow a malicious attacker to cause a denial of service or crash Envoy. These were reported separately as GCP-2023-002 .

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• Google Distributed Cloud Virtual for Bare Metal security bulletin

A new vulnerability, CVE-2023-0468, has been discovered in the Linux kernel that could allow an unprivileged user to escalate privileges to root when io_poll_get_ownership will keep increasing req->poll_refs on every io_poll_wake then overflow to 0 which will fput req->file twice and cause a struct file refcount issue. GKE clusters, including Autopilot clusters, with Container-Optimized OS using Linux Kernel version 5.15 are affected. GKE clusters using Ubuntu images or using GKE Sandbox are unaffected.

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• Google Distributed Cloud Virtual for Bare Metal security bulletin

2023-08-11 Update:Added patch versions for GKE on VMware, GKE on AWS, GKE on Azure, and Google Distributed Cloud Virtual for Bare Metal.

Two new security issues were discovered in Kubernetes where users may be able to launch containers that bypass policy restrictions when using ephemeral containers and either ImagePolicyWebhook (CVE-2023-2727) or the ServiceAccount admission plugin (CVE-2023-2728).

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• Google Distributed Cloud Virtual for Bare Metal security bulletin

Google identified three new vulnerabilities in the gRPC C ++ implementation. These will be published soon publicly as CVE-2023-1428 , CVE-2023-32731 and CVE-2023-32732 .

In April, we identified two vulnerabilities in 1.53 and 1.54 releases. One was a Denial-of-Service vulnerability within the gRPC's C++ implementation and the other was a remote data exfiltration vulnerability. These have been fixed in 1.53.1, 1.54.2 and later releases.

Previously in March, our internal teams discovered a Denial-of-Service vulnerability within the gRPC's C++ implementation while performing routine fuzzing activities. It was found in the gRPC 1.52 release, and has been fixed in the 1.52.2 and 1.53 releases.

What should I do?

Ensure that you're using the latest versions of the following software packages:

• grpc (C++, Python, Ruby) version 1.52, 1.53, and 1.54 need to upgrade to the following patch releases;
• 1.52.2
• 1.53.1
• 1.54.2
• grpc (C++, Python, Ruby) version 1.51 and earlier are not affected, so users with these versions can take no action

What vulnerabilities are addressed by these patches?

These patches mitigate the following vulnerabilities:

• 1.53.1, 1.54.2 and later releases address the following: Denial-Of-Service vulnerability in gRPC C++ implementation. Specially crafted requests can cause a termination of connection between a proxy and a backend. Remote data exfiltration vulnerability: Desynchronisation in the HPACK table due to header size limitations can lead to proxy backends leaking header data from other clients connected to a proxy.
• 1.52.2, 1.53, and later releases address the following: Denial-of-Service vulnerability within the gRPC's C++ implementation. Parsing some specifically formed requests can lead to a crash impacting a server.

We recommend upgrading to the latest versions of the following software packages as listed above.

A new vulnerability (CVE-2023-2878) has been discovered in the secrets-store-csi-driver where an actor with access to the driver logs could observe service account tokens.

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• Google Distributed Cloud Virtual for Bare Metal security bulletin

A new vulnerability (CVE-2023-1872) has been discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation to root on the node.

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• Google Distributed Cloud Virtual for Bare Metal security bulletin

2023-06-06 Update:New GKE versions have been updated to include the latest Ubuntu versions that patch CVE-2023-1281 and CVE-2023-1829.

Two new vulnerabilities (CVE-2023-1281, CVE-2023-1829) have been discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation to root on the node.

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• Google Distributed Cloud Virtual for Bare Metal security bulletin

Two vulnerabilities ( CVE-2023-1017 and CVE-2023-1018 ) were discovered in Trusted Platform Module (TPM) 2.0.

The vulnerabilities could have allowed a sophisticated attacker to exploit a 2-byte out of bounds read/write on certain Compute Engine VMs.

For instructions and more details, see the Compute Engine security bulletin .

• CVE-2023-1017
• CVE-2023-1018

2023-12-21 Update:Clarify that GKE Autopilot clusters in the default configuration are not impacted.

Two new vulnerabilities, CVE-2023-0240 and CVE-2023-23586, have been discovered in the Linux kernel that could allow an unprivileged user to escalate privileges.

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• Google Distributed Cloud Virtual for Bare Metal security bulletin

The following CVEs expose Cloud Service Mesh to exploitable vulnerabilities:

• CVE-2023-27496: If Envoy is running with the OAuth filter enabled exposed, a malicious actor could construct a request which would cause denial of service by crashing Envoy.
• CVE-2023-27488: The attacker can use this vulnerability to bypass auth checks when ext_authz is used.
• CVE-2023-27493: Envoy configuration must also include an option to add request headers that were generated using inputs from the request, such as the peer certificate SAN.
• CVE-2023-27492: Attackers can send large request bodies for routes that have Lua filter enabled and trigger crashes.
• CVE-2023-27491: Attackers can send specifically crafted HTTP/2 or HTTP/3 requests to trigger parsing errors on HTTP/1 upstream service.
• CVE-2023-27487: The header `x-envoy-original-path` should be an internal header, but Envoy does not remove this header from the request at the beginning of request processing when it is sent from an untrusted client.

For instructions and more details, see the Cloud Service Mesh security bulletin .:

• CVE-2023-27496
  
• CVE-2023-27488
  
• CVE-2023-27493
  
• CVE-2023-27492
  
• CVE-2023-27491
  
• CVE-2023-27487
  

2023-12-21 Update:Clarify that GKE Autopilot clusters in the default configuration are not impacted.

A new vulnerability (CVE-2022-4696) has been discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a privilege escalation on the node.

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• Google Distributed Cloud Virtual for Bare Metal security bulletin

Two new vulnerabilities (CVE-2022-3786 and CVE-2022-3602) have been discovered in OpenSSL v3.0.6 that can potentially cause a crash.

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• Google Distributed Cloud Virtual for Bare Metal security bulletin

• CVE-2022-3786
• CVE-2022-3602

2023-12-21 Update:Clarify that GKE Autopilot clusters in the default configuration are not impacted.

2023-01-19 Update:Added information that GKE version 1.21.14-gke.14100 is available.

Two new vulnerabilities (CVE-2022-3786 and CVE-2022-3602) have been discovered in OpenSSL v3.0.6 that can potentially cause a crash.

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• Google Distributed Cloud Virtual for Bare Metal security bulletin

• CVE-2022-3786
• CVE-2022-3602

2023-01-19 Update:Added information that GKE version 1.21.14-gke.14100 is available.

2022-12-16 Update:Added patch versions for GKE and GKE on VMware.

Two new vulnerabilities (CVE-2022-2585 and CVE-2022-2588) have been discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to a full container break out to root on the node.

For instructions and more details, see the:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• Google Distributed Cloud Virtual for Bare Metal security bulletin

• CVE-2022-2585
• CVE-2022-2588

A security vulnerability, CVE-2022-39278, has been discovered in Istio, which is used in Cloud Service Mesh, that allows a malicious attacker to crash the control plane.

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• Google Distributed Cloud Virtual for Bare Metal security bulletin

2022-12-14 Update:Added patch versions for GKE and GKE on VMware.

A new vulnerability, CVE-2022-20409, has been discovered in the Linux kernel that could allow an unprivileged user to escalate to system execution privilege.

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• Google Distributed Cloud Virtual for Bare Metal security bulletin

2023-12-21 Update:Clarify that GKE Autopilot clusters in the default configuration are not impacted.

2023-01-19 Update:Added information that GKE version 1.21.14-gke.14100 is available.

2022-12-15 Update:Updated information that version 1.21.14-gke.9400 of Google Kubernetes Engine is pending rollout and may be superseded by a higher version number.

2022-11-22 Update:Added patch versions for GKE on VMware, GKE on AWS, and GKE on Azure.

A new vulnerability, CVE-2022-3176, has been discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to local privilege escalation. This vulnerability allows an unprivileged user to achieve full container breakout to root on the node.

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• Google Distributed Cloud Virtual for Bare Metal security bulletin

A message parsing and memory management vulnerability in ProtocolBuffer’s C++ and Python implementations can trigger an out of memory (OOM) failure when processing a specially crafted message. This could lead to a denial of service (DoS) on services using the libraries.

What should I do?

Ensure that you're using the latest versions of the following software packages:

• protobuf-cpp (3.18.3, 3.19.5, 3.20.2, 3.21.6)
• protobuf-python (3.18.3, 3.19.5, 3.20.2, 4.21.6)

What vulnerabilities are addressed by this patch?

The patch mitigates the following vulnerability:

A specially constructed small message that causes the running service to allocate large amounts of RAM. The small size of the request means that it is easy to take advantage of the vulnerability and exhaust resources. C++ and Python systems that consume untrusted protobufs would be vulnerable to DoS attacks if they contain a MessageSet object in their RPC request.

2023-12-21 Update:Clarify that GKE Autopilot clusters in the default configuration are not impacted.

2022-09-14 Update:Added patch versions for GKE on VMware, GKE on AWS, and GKE on Azure.

A new vulnerability (CVE-2022-2327) has been discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to local privilege escalation. This vulnerability allows an unprivileged user to achieve a full container breakout to root on the node.

For instructions and more details, see the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• Google Distributed Cloud Virtual for Bare Metal security bulletin

2022-11-22 Update:Workloads using GKE Sandbox are not affected by these vulnerabilities.

2022-07-21 Update:additional information on GKE on VMware.

A new vulnerability (CVE-2022-1786) has been discovered in the Linux kernel versions 5.10 and 5.11. This vulnerability allows an unprivileged user with local access to the cluster to achieve a full container breakout to root on the node. Only clusters that run Container-Optimized OS are affected. GKE Ubuntu versions use either version 5.4 or 5.15 of the kernel and are not affected.

For instructions and more details, see the:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• Google Distributed Cloud Virtual for Bare Metal security bulletin

2022-11-22 Update:Autopilot clusters are not affected by by CVE-2022-29581 but are vulnerable to CVE-2022-29582 and CVE-2022-1116.

Three new memory corruption vulnerabilities (CVE-2022-29581, CVE-2022-29582, CVE-2022-1116) have been discovered in the Linux kernel. These vulnerabilities allow an unprivileged user with local access to the cluster to achieve a full container breakout to root on the node. All Linux clusters (Container-Optimized OS and Ubuntu) are affected.

For instructions and more details, refer to the following bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• Google Distributed Cloud Virtual for Bare Metal security bulletin

• CVE-2022-29581
• CVE-2022-29582
• CVE-2022-1116

2022-06-10 Update:The Cloud Service Mesh versions have been updated. For instructions and more details, see the Cloud Service Mesh security bulletin .

The following Envoy and Istio CVEs expose Cloud Service Mesh and Istio on GKE to remotely exploitable vulnerabilities:

• CVE-2022-31045: Istio data plane can potentially access memory unsafely when the Metadata Exchange and Stats extensions are enabled.
• CVE-2022-29225: Data can exceed intermediate buffer limits if a malicious attacker passes a small highly compressed payload (zip bomb attack).
• CVE-2021-29224: Potential null pointer dereference in GrpcHealthCheckerImpl.
• CVE-2021-29226: OAuth filter allows trivial bypass.
• CVE-2022-29228: OAuth filter can corrupt memory (earlier versions) or trigger an ASSERT() (later versions).
• CVE-2022-29227: Internal redirects crash for requests with body or trailers.

For instructions and more details, see the Cloud Service Mesh security bulletin .

• CVE-2022-31045
  
• CVE-2022-29225
  
• CVE-2021-29224
  
• CVE-2021-29226
  
• CVE-2022-29228
  
• CVE-2022-29227
  

2022-11-22 Update:GKE Autopilot clusters and workloads running in GKE Sandbox are unaffected.

2022-05-12 Update:The GKE on AWS and GKE on Azure versions have been updated. For instructions and more details, see the:

• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• Google Distributed Cloud Virtual for Bare Metal security bulletin

---

Two security vulnerabilities, CVE-2022-1055 and CVE-2022-27666 have been discovered in the Linux kernel. Each can lead to a local attacker being able to perform a container breakout, privilege escalation on the host, or both. These vulnerabilities affect all GKE node operating systems (Container-Optimized OS and Ubuntu). For instructions and more details, see the following security bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• Google Distributed Cloud Virtual for Bare Metal security bulletin

A security vulnerability, CVE-2022-23648, has been discovered in containerd's handling of path traversal in the OCI image volume specification. Containers launched through containerd's CRI implementation with a specially-crafted image configuration could gain full read access to arbitrary files and directories on the host. This vulnerability may bypass any policy-based enforcement on container setup (including a Kubernetes Pod Security Policy).

For instructions and more details, see the following security bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• Google Distributed Cloud Virtual for Bare Metal security bulletin

2022-11-22 Update:For GKE clusters in both modes, Standard and Autopilot, workloads using GKE Sandbox are unaffected.

A security vulnerability, CVE-2022-0847, has been discovered in the Linux kernel version 5.8 and later that can potentially escalate container privileges to root. This vulnerability affects the following products:

• GKE node pool versions 1.22 and later that use Container-Optimized OS images (Container-Optimized OS 93 and later)
• GKE on VMware v1.10 for Container-Optimized OS images
• GKE on AWS v1.21 and GKE on AWS (previous generation) v1.19, v1.20, v1.21, which use Ubuntu
• Managed clusters of GKE on Azure v1.21 which use Ubuntu

For instructions and more details, see the following security bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin
• Google Distributed Cloud Virtual for Bare Metal security bulletin

Update 2022-08-11:Added more information about the Simultaneous Multi-Threading (SMT) configuration. SMT was intended to be disabled, but was enabled on the versions listed.

If you manually enabled SMT for a sandboxed node pool, SMT will remain manually enabled despite this issue.

There is a misconfiguration with Simultaneous Multi-Threading (SMT), also known as Hyper-threading, on GKE Sandbox images. The misconfiguration leaves nodes potentially exposed to side channel attacks such as Microarchitectural Data Sampling (MDS) (for more context, see GKE Sandbox documentation ). We do not recommend using the following affected versions:

• 1.22.4-gke.1501
• 1.22.6-gke.300
• 1.23.2-gke.300
• 1.23.3-gke.600

For instructions and more details, see the: GKE security bulletin .

The following Istio CVE exposes Cloud Service Mesh to a remotely exploitable vulnerability:

• CVE-2022-24726: The Istio control plane, `istiod`, is vulnerable to a request processing error, allowing a malicious attacker that sends a specially crafted message which results in the control plane crashing when the validating webhook for a cluster is exposed publicly. This endpoint is served over TLS port 15017 but does not require any authentication from the attacker.

For instructions and more details, see the following security bulletin:

• Cloud Service Mesh security bulletin .

• CVE-2022-24726

2022-04-28 Update:Added versions of GKE on VMware that fix these vulnerabilities. For details, see the GKE on VMware security bulletin .

• CVE-2022-23606 : When a cluster is deleted via Cluster Discovery Service (CDS) all idle connections established to endpoints in that cluster are disconnected. A recursion was erroneously introduced in Envoy version 1.19 to the procedure of disconnecting idle connections that can lead to stack exhaustion and abnormal process termination when a cluster has a large number of idle connections.
• CVE-2022-21655 : Envoy's internal redirect code assumes that a route entry exists. When an internal redirect is done to a route which has a direct response entry and no route entry, it results in dereferencing a null pointer and crashing.
• CVE-2021-43826 : When Envoy is configured to use tcp_proxy which uses upstream tunneling (over HTTP), and downstream TLS termination, Envoy will crash if the downstream client disconnects during the TLS handshake while the upstream HTTP stream is still being established. The downstream disconnect can be either client or server initiated. The client can disconnect for any reason. The server may disconnect if, for example, it has no TLS ciphers or TLS protocol versions compatible with the client. It may be possible to trigger this crash in other downstream configurations as well.
• CVE-2021-43825 : Sending a locally generated response must stop further processing of request or response data. Envoy tracks the amount of buffered request and response data and aborts the request if the amount of buffered data is over the limit by sending 413 or 500 responses. However when locally generated response is sent because of the internal buffer overflows while response is processed by the filter chain the operation may not be aborted correctly and result in accessing a freed memory block.
• CVE-2021-43824 : Envoy crashes when using the JWT filter with a "safe_regex" match rule and a specially crafted request like "CONNECT host:port HTTP/1.1". When reaching the JWT filter, a "safe_regex" rule should evaluate the URL path but there is none here, and Envoy crashes with segfaults.
• CVE-2022-21654 : Envoy would incorrectly allow TLS session resumption after mTLS validation settings had been reconfigured. If a client certificate was allowed with the old configuration but disallowed with the new configuration, the client could resume the previous TLS session even though the current configuration should disallow it. Changes to the following settings are affected:
  • match_subject_alt_names
  • CRL changes
  • allow_expired_certificate
  • Trust_chain_verification
  • only_verify_leaf_cert_crl
• CVE-2022-21657 : Envoy does not restrict the set of certificates it accepts from the peer, either as a TLS client or a TLS server, to only those certificates that contain the necessary extendedKeyUsage (id-kp-serverAuth and id-kp-clientAuth, respectively). This means that a peer may present an e-mail certificate (e.g. id-kp-emailProtection), either as a leaf certificate or as a CA in the chain, and it will be accepted for TLS. This is particularly bad when combined with CVE-2022-21656 , in that it allows a Web PKI CA that is intended only for use with S/MIME, and thus exempted from audit or supervision, to issue TLS certificates that will be accepted by Envoy.
• CVE-2022-21656 : The validator implementation used to implement the default certificate validation routines has a "type confusion" bug when processing subjectAltNames. This processing allows, for example, an rfc822Name or uniformResourceIndicator to be authenticated as a domain name. This confusion allows for the bypassing of nameConstraints, as processed by the underlying OpenSSL/BoringSSL implementation, exposing the possibility of impersonation of arbitrary servers.

• Cloud Service Mesh security bulletin

• Istio on GKE security bulletin

• GKE
• GKE on VMware
• Google Distributed Cloud Virtual for Bare Metal

The following Envoy and Istio CVEs expose Cloud Service Mesh and Istio on GKE to remotely exploitable vulnerabilities:

• CVE-2022-23635: Istiod crashes upon receiving requests with a specially crafted authorization header.
• CVE-2021-43824: Potential null pointer dereference when using JWT filter safe_regex match
• CVE-2021-43825: Use-after-free when response filters increase response data, and increased data exceeds downstream buffer limits.
• CVE-2021-43826: Use-after-free when tunneling TCP over HTTP, if downstream disconnects during upstream connection establishment.
• CVE-2022-21654: Incorrect configuration handling allows mTLS session re-use without re-validation after validation settings have changed.
• CVE-2022-21655: Incorrect handling of internal redirects to routes with a direct response entry.
• CVE-2022-23606: Stack exhaustion when a cluster is deleted via Cluster Discovery Service.

For instructions and more details, see the following security bulletins:

• Cloud Service Mesh security bulletin .
• Istio on GKE security bulletin .

• CVE-2022-23635
  
• CVE-2021-43824
  
• CVE-2021-43825
  
• CVE-2021-43826
  
• CVE-2022-21654
  
• CVE-2022-21655
  
• CVE-2022-23606
  

2022-05-16 Update:Added GKE version 1.19.16-gke.7800 or later to the list of versions that have code to fix this vulnerability. For details, see the GKE security bulletin .

2022-05-12 Update:The GKE, GKE on VMware, GKE on AWS, and GKE on Azure versions have been updated. For instructions and more details, see the:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin

A security vulnerability, CVE-2022-0492, has been discovered in the Linux kernel's cgroup_release_agent_write function. The attack uses unprivileged user namespaces and under certain circumstances this vulnerability can be exploitable for container breakout.

For instructions and more details, see the:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin

A security vulnerability, CVE-2021-43527, has been discovered in any binary that links to the vulnerable versions of libnss3 found in NSS (Network Security Services) versions prior to 3.73 or 3.68.1. Applications using NSS for certificate validation or other TLS, X.509, OCSP or CRL functionality may be impacted, depending on how NSS is used/configured.

For instructions and more details, see the:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin

A security vulnerability, CVE-2021-4034 , has been discovered in pkexec, a part of the Linux policy kit package (polkit), that allows an authenticated user to perform a privilege escalation attack. PolicyKit is generally used only on Linux desktop systems to allow non-root users to perform actions such as rebooting the system, installing packages, restarting services etc, as governed by a policy.

For instructions and more details, see the:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on Azure security bulletin

2022-02-25 Update:The GKE versions have been updated. For instructions and more details, see the:

• GKE security bulletin

2022-02-23 Update:The GKE and GKE on VMware versions have been updated. For instructions and more details, see the:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin

2022-02-04 Update: The rollout start date for GKE patch versions was February 2.

Three security vulnerabilities, CVE-2021-4154 , CVE-2021-22600 , and CVE-2022-0185 , have been discovered in the Linux kernel, each of which can lead to either a container breakout, privilege escalation on the host, or both. These vulnerabilities affect all node operating systems (COS and Ubuntu) on GKE, GKE on VMware, GKE on AWS (current and previous generation), and GKE on Azure. Pods using GKE Sandbox are not vulnerable to these vulnerabilities. See the COS release notes for more details.

For instructions and more details, see the:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin

• CVE-2021-4154
• CVE-2021-22600
• CVE-2022-0185

A potential Denial of Service issue in protobuf-java was discovered in the parsing procedure for binary data.

What should I do?

Ensure that you're using the latest versions of the following software packages:

• protobuf-java (3.16.1, 3.18.2, 3.19.2)
• protobuf-kotlin (3.18.2, 3.19.2)
• google-protobuf [JRuby gem] (3.19.2)

Protobuf "javalite" users (typically Android) are not affected.

What vulnerabilities are addressed by this patch?

The patch mitigates the following vulnerability:

An implementation weakness in how unknown fields are parsed in Java. A small (~800 KB) malicious payload can occupy the parser for several minutes by creating large numbers of short-lived objects that cause frequent, repeated garbage collection pauses.

A security issue was discovered in the Kubernetes ingress-nginxcontroller, CVE-2021-25742 . Ingress-nginx custom snippets allows retrieval of ingress-nginx service account tokens and secrets across all namespaces.

For instructions and more details, see the:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• Google Distributed Cloud Virtual for Bare Metal security bulletin

A security vulnerability, CVE-2020-8561, has been discovered in Kubernetes where certain webhooks can be made to redirect kube-apiserver requests to private networks of that API server.

For instructions and more details, see the:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• Google Distributed Cloud Virtual for Bare Metal security bulletin

Per VMware security advisory VMSA-2021-0020, VMware received reports of multiple vulnerabilities in vCenter. VMware has made updates available to remediate these vulnerabilities in affected VMware products.

We have already applied the patches provided by VMware for the vSphere stack to Google Cloud VMware Engine per the VMware security advisory. This update addresses the security vulnerabilities described in CVE-2021-22005, CVE-2021-22006, CVE-2021-22007, CVE-2021-22008, and CVE-2021-22010. Other non-critical security issues will be addressed in the upcoming VMware stack upgrade (per the advance notice sent in July, more details will be provided soon on the specific timeline of the upgrade).

VMware Engine impact

Based on our investigations, no customers were found to be impacted.

What should I do?

Because VMware Engine clusters are not affected by this vulnerability, no further action is required.

• VMSA-2021-0020
• CVE-2021-22005
• CVE-2021-22006
• CVE-2021-22007
• CVE-2021-22008
• CVE-2021-22010

Certain Google Cloud load balancers routing to an Identity-Aware Proxy (IAP) enabled Backend Service could have been vulnerable to an untrusted party under limited conditions. This addresses an issue reported through our Vulnerability Reward Program.

• Were HTTP(S) load balancers and
• Used a default backend or a backend that had a wildcard host mapping rule (that is, host="*")

In addition, a user in your organization must have clicked a specifically-crafted link sent by an untrusted party.

This issue has now been resolved. IAP has been updated to issue cookies only to authorized hosts as of September 17, 2021. A host is considered authorized if it matches at least one Subject Alternative Name (SAN) in one of the certificates installed on your load balancers.

What to do

Some of your users may experience an HTTP 401 Unauthorized response with an IAP error code 52 while trying to access apps or services. This error code means that the client sent a Host header which does not match any Subject Alternative Names associated with the load balancer's SSL certificate(s). The load balancer administrator needs to update the SSL certificate to ensure that the Subject Alternative Name (SAN) list contains all the hostnames through which users are accessing the IAP-protected apps or services. Learn more about IAP error codes .

A security issue was discovered in Kubernetes, CVE-2021-25741, where a user may be able to create a container with subpath volume mounts to access files & directories outside of the volume, including on the host filesystem.

For instructions and more details, see the:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• Google Distributed Cloud Virtual for Bare Metal security bulletin

2021-09-23 update:Containers running inside of GKE Sandbox are unaffected by this vulnerability for attacks originating inside the container.

Two security vulnerabilities, CVE-2021-33909 and CVE-2021-33910, have been discovered in the Linux kernel that can lead to an OS crash or an escalation to root by an unprivileged user. This vulnerability affects all GKE node operating systems (COS and Ubuntu).

For instructions and more details, see the following security bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin .
• GKE on AWS security bulletin .

The following Envoy and Istio CVEs expose Cloud Service Mesh and Istio on GKE to remotely exploitable vulnerabilities:

• CVE-2021-39156: HTTP requests with a fragment (a section in the end of a URI that begins with a # character) in the URI path could bypass Istio's URI path-based authorization policies.
• CVE-2021-39155: HTTP requests could potentially bypass an Istio authorization policy when using rules based on hosts or notHosts .
• CVE-2021-32781: Affects Envoy's decompressor , json-transcoder , or grpc-web extensions or proprietary extensions that modify and increase the size of request or response bodies. Modifying and increasing the size of the body in an Envoy's extension beyond the internal buffer size could lead to Envoy accessing deallocated memory and terminating abnormally.
• CVE-2021-32780: An untrusted upstream service could cause Envoy to terminate abnormally by sending the GOAWAY frame followed by the SETTINGS frame with the SETTINGS_MAX_CONCURRENT_STREAMS parameter set to 0 . (Not applicable to Istio on GKE)
• CVE-2021-32778: An Envoy client opening and then resetting a large number of HTTP/2 requests could lead to excessive CPU consumption. (Not applicable to Istio on GKE)
• CVE-2021-32777: HTTP requests with multiple value headers could do an incomplete authorization policy check when the ext_authz extension is used.

For instructions and more details, see the following security bulletins:

• Cloud Service Mesh security bulletin .
• Istio on GKE security bulletin .

• CVE-2021-39156
• CVE-2021-39155
• CVE-2021-32781
• CVE-2021-32780
• CVE-2021-32778
• CVE-2021-32777

A new security vulnerability, CVE-2021-22555 , has been discovered where a malicious actor with CAP_NET_ADMIN privileges can potentially cause a container breakout to root on the host. This vulnerability affects all GKE clusters and GKE on VMware running Linux version 2.6.19 or later.

For instructions and more details, see the following security bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin .
• GKE on VMware security bulletin .

The Istio project recently announced a security vulnerability where credentials specified in the Gateway and DestinationRule credentialName field can be accessed from different namespaces.

For product-specific instructions and more details, see:

• Cloud Service Mesh security bulletin .
• GKE Enterprise security bulletin GCP-2021-012 for information specific to Google Kubernetes Engine, Google Distributed Cloud Virtual for Bare Metal, and GKE on VMware.

2021-10-19 update:

For instructions and more details, see the following security bulletins:

• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• Google Distributed Cloud Virtual for Bare Metal security bulletin

The security community recently disclosed a new security vulnerability ( CVE-2021-30465 ) found in runc that has the potential to allow full access to a node filesystem.

For GKE, because exploiting this vulnerability requires the ability to create pods, we have rated the severity of this vulnerability at MEDIUM.

For instructions and more details, see the GKE security bulletin .

Per VMware security advisory VMSA-2021-0010, remote code execution and authentication bypass vulnerabilities in vSphere Client (HTML5) were privately reported to VMware. VMware has made updates available to remediate these vulnerabilities in affected VMware products.

We have applied the patches provided by VMware for the vSphere stack per the VMware security advisory. This update addresses security vulnerabilities described in CVE-2021-21985 and CVE-2021-21986. The image versions running in your VMware Engine private cloud do not reflect any change at this time to indicate the patches applied. Please rest assured that appropriate patches have been installed and your environment is secured from these vulnerabilities.

VMware Engine impact

Based on our investigations, no customers were found to be impacted.

What should I do?

Because VMware Engine clusters are not affected by this vulnerability, no further action is required.

• VMSA-2021-0010
• CVE-2021-21985
• CVE-2021-21986

The Istio project recently disclosed a new security vulnerability ( CVE-2021-31920 ) affecting Istio.

Istio contains a remotely-exploitable vulnerability where an HTTP request with multiple slashes or escaped slash characters can bypass Istio authorization policy when path based authorization rules are used.

For instructions and more details, see the:

• GKE security bulletin

High

The Envoy and Istio projects recently announced several new security vulnerabilities ( CVE-2021-28683 , CVE-2021-28682 and CVE-2021-29258 ), that could allow an attacker to crash Envoy.

Google Kubernetes Engine clusters do not run Istio by default and are not vulnerable. If Istio has been installed in a cluster and configured to expose services to the internet, those services may be vulnerable to denial of service.

Google Distributed Cloud Virtual for Bare Metal and GKE on VMware use Envoy by default for Ingress, so Ingress services may be vulnerable to denial of service.

For instructions and more details, see the following security bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• Google Distributed Cloud Virtual for Bare Metal security bulletin

Medium

• CVE-2021-28683
• CVE-2021-28682
• CVE-2021-29258

The Kubernetes project recently announced a new security vulnerability, CVE-2021-25735 , that could allow node updates to bypass a Validating Admission Webhook.

In a scenario where an attacker has sufficient privileges and where a Validating Admission Webhook is implemented that uses old Node object properties (for example fields in Node.NodeSpec ), the attacker could update properties of a node that could lead to a cluster compromise. None of the policies enforced by GKE and Kubernetes built-in admission controllers are affected, but we recommend customers check any additional admission webhooks they have installed.

For instructions and more details, see the following security bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• Google Distributed Cloud Virtual for Bare Metal security bulletin

Medium

CVE-2021-25735

Per VMware security advisory VMSA-2021-0002, VMware received reports of multiple vulnerabilities in VMware ESXi and vSphere Client (HTML5). VMware has made updates available to remediate these vulnerabilities in affected VMware products.

We have applied the officially documented workarounds for the vSphere stack per the VMware security advisory. This update addresses security vulnerabilities described in CVE-2021-21972, CVE-2021-21973, and CVE-2021-21974.

VMware Engine impact

Based on our investigations, no customers were found to be impacted.

What should I do?

Because VMware Engine clusters are not affected by this vulnerability, no further action is required.

• VMSA-2021-0002
• CVE-2021-21972
• CVE-2021-21973
• CVE-2021-21974

A vulnerability was recently discovered in the Linux utility sudo , described in CVE-2021-3156 , that may allow an attacker with unprivileged local shell access on a system with sudo installed to escalate their privileges to root on the system.

The underlying infrastructure that runs Compute Engine is not impacted by this vulnerability.

All Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE), GKE on VMware, GKE on AWS, and Google Distributed Cloud Virtual for Bare Metal clusters are not affected by this vulnerability.

For instructions and more details, see the following security bulletins:

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin
• Google Distributed Cloud Virtual for Bare Metal security bulletin
• Compute Engine security bulletin

Updated: 2021-12-22The command for GKE in the following section should use gcloud beta instead of the gcloud command.

gcloud container clusters update –no-enable-service-externalips

1. Starting in GKE version 1.21, services with ExternalIPs are blocked by a DenyServiceExternalIPs admission controller that is enabled by default for new clusters.
2. Customers who upgrade to GKE version 1.21 can block services with ExternalIPs using the following command:

   gcloud container clusters update –no-enable-service-externalips

For more information, see Hardening your cluster's security .

The Kubernetes project recently discovered a new security vulnerability, CVE-2020-8554 , that might allow an attacker who has obtained permissions to create a Kubernetes Service of type LoadBalancer or ClusterIP to intercept network traffic originating from other Pods in the cluster. This vulnerability by itself does not give an attacker permissions to create a Kubernetes Service.

All Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE), GKE on VMware, and GKE on AWS clusters are affected by this vulnerability.

What should I do?

• GKE security bulletin
• GKE on VMware security bulletin
• GKE on AWS security bulletin

Medium

The Kubernetes project recently discovered several issues that allow for the exposure of secret data when verbose logging options are enabled. The issues are:

• CVE-2020-8563: Secret leaks in logs for vSphere Provider kube-controller-manager
• CVE-2020-8564: Docker config secrets leaked when file is malformed and loglevel >= 4
• CVE-2020-8565: Incomplete fix for CVE-2019-11250 in Kubernetes allows for token leak in logs when logLevel >= 9. Discovered by GKE Security.
• CVE-2020-8566: Ceph RBD adminSecrets exposed in logs when loglevel >= 4

What should I do?

No further action is required due to the default verbosity logging levels of GKE.

None

• CVE-2020-8563
• CVE-2020-8564
• CVE-2020-8565
• CVE-2020-8566

A vulnerability was recently discovered in the Linux kernel, described in CVE-2020-14386 , that may allow container escape to obtain root privileges on the host node.

All GKE nodes are affected. Pods running in GKE Sandbox are not able to leverage this vulnerability.

For instructions and more details, see the:

• GKE security bulletin.
• GKE on VMware security bulletin.
• GKE on AWS security bulletin.