Citing Sources in Turabian: Formatting in Turabian

Formatting the Turabian Paper

• These are the requirements for formatting a Turabian style paper.
• Pay particular attention to the spacing, as it changes from single to double depending on the section. 

Page setup:

• 1 inch margins.
• Times New Roman.
• 12pt font for the body, 10pt font for notes.

Spacing:

Single-spaced:

• Block quotes, titles of tables, figure captions.
• Footnotes/endnotes, table of contents, and bibliography.<
  • Single space within entries, but add a single blank line between entries.

Double-spaced:

• Everything not in the list above.

Indent:

• Left aligned.
• Text: First line, .5 inches.
• Bibliography: Hanging indent, .5 inches.
• Use the indent settings of Word, not spaces, to set indents.

Header:

• Page numbers top flush right.
• The page number does not appear on the title page, but the title page counts as page 1.

Title page: 

• The title appears 1/3 of the way down the page, in bold, with every major word capitalized.
• Beginning 7 double-spaced lines below that place the following, in regular type, each on their own line with a blank line between:
  • Student Name
  • Course number and title
  • Month Day, Year

• First level: centered, double spaced, boldface type, headline-style capitalization

Topic to Final Draft

• Second level: centered, double spaced, regular type, headline-style capitalization

Processing the Topic

• Third level: flush left, double spaced, italic type, headline-style capitalization

Formatting Notes:

• Note numbers, in superscript, follow ending punctuation, including quotation marks--except dashes. Note numbers may come before a dash. 
• Note numbers may follow clauses rather than the end of a sentence; they still follow after the punctuation, usually a comma. 
• Number notes consecutively.

Inserting a footnote in Microsoft Word 365:

1. Make sure the cursor is in the right place. 

2. Go to References and choose Insert Footnote.

3. Once the footnote is inserted, go down to the note number at the bottom and highlight the number.

4. Then go to the Home tab and click on Superscript to remove the superscript.

5. The note number must be in regular type. Then add the period and a space.

Bibliography Order:

Bibliography entries follow the following order rules:

• Sources are alphabetical by first author's last name.
• If two authors have the same last name, next use first name for the order.
• For two entries by exactly the same author or authors, alphabetize next by title, ignoring articles (a, an, the). 
• Works written by one author come before works that same author edited or translated.
• Works by one author come before works that same author wrote with others.

Thus the order when you have multiple works by the same author or authors is the following:
--Works by Author alone
--Works translated or edited by Author
--Works by Author and Co-Author  
--Works by the next author alphabetically. An example can be found at the bottom of this tab. 

For works written, edited, or translated by exactly the same author(s), replace the names with a 3-em dash. 

• The em dash, a long dash, is not the same as the hyphen, which on most keyboards is between 0 and =. 

Ways to insert an em dash:

Keyboard Shortcuts

• Windows: 
  • On keyboards with a number pad, turn on Num Lock, hold down the ctrl and alt keys and click the minus sign (-) on the number pad.
• Mac:
  • On keyboards with a number pad, hold down Shift and Option and press the minus sign (-) on the number pad.

Autoformatting

• In some versions of Word on both Windows and Mac, you may be able to type two hyphens and then a space to convert the hyphens to an em dash. 

Symbol Menu

• To add from the Symbol menu in Word or PowerPoint, on the Insert tab click Symbol and choose More Symbols. 

• Switch to Special Characters tab. Select Em Dash from the list and click insert.

Example Bibliography:

Tolkien, Christopher, trans. Saga of King Heidrek the Wise . London: Nelson, 1960.

Tolkien, J. R. R. Beowulf: The Monsters and the Critics . London: Oxford University Press, 1958.

———. The Hobbit, or There and Back Again . New York: Harper Perennial, 1999.

———. A Middle English Vocabulary: Designed for Use with Sisam's Fourteeth Century Verse and Prose . Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1950.

———, trans. English Text of the Ancrene Riwle: Ancrene Wisse . New York: Oxford University Press, 1962.

Tolkein, J. R. R., and Christopher Tolkien. Unfinished Tales of Numenor and Middle-Earth . London: Allen & Unwin, 1980.

Removing Hyperlinks

• Turabian 9th Edition Style at GCU uses all black text in papers, without hyperlinks.
• Most word processing programs will automatically add hyperlinks when a URL is added so it can be clicked, changing the text to blue and adding an underline, along with the coding to allow the address to be clicked.
• You will need to remove this formatting if it is added.

In Word 365 for Windows

• Right click on the link.
• Choose Remove Hyperlink from the popup menu.

In Word 365 for Mac

• Hold down Control and Click.
• Choose Remove Hyperlink from the Link menu on the popup menu.