Google Sheets function list

Google Sheets supports cell formulas typically found in most desktop spreadsheet packages. Functions can be used to create formulas that manipulate data and calculate strings and numbers.

Here's a list of all the functions available in each category. When using them, don't forget to add quotation marks around all function components made of alphabetic characters that aren't referring to cells or columns.

You can change the language of Google Sheets functions between English and 21 other languages.

Type Name Syntax Description
Date
DATE DATE(year, month, day) Converts a provided year, month, and day into a date. Learn more
Date
DATEDIF DATEDIF(start_date, end_date, unit) Calculates the number of days, months, or years between two dates. Learn more
Date
DATEVALUE DATEVALUE(date_string) Converts a provided date string in a known format to a date value. Learn more
Date
DAY DAY(date) Returns the day of the month that a specific date falls on, in numeric format. Learn more
Date
DAYS DAYS(end_date, start_date) Returns the number of days between two dates. Learn more. 
Date
DAYS360 DAYS360(start_date, end_date, [method]) Returns the difference between two days based on the 360 day year used in some financial interest calculations. Learn more
Date
EDATE EDATE(start_date, months) Returns a date a specified number of months before or after another date. Learn more
Date
EOMONTH EOMONTH(start_date, months) Returns a date representing the last day of a month which falls a specified number of months before or after another date. Learn more
Date
EPOCHTODATE EPOCHTODATE(timestamp, [unit]) Converts a Unix epoch timestamp in seconds, milliseconds, or microseconds to a datetime in UTC. Learn more
Date
HOUR HOUR(time) Returns the hour component of a specific time, in numeric format. Learn more
Date
ISOWEEKNUM ISOWEEKNUM(date) Returns the number of the ISO week of the year where the provided date falls. Learn more
Date
MINUTE MINUTE(time) Returns the minute component of a specific time, in numeric format. Learn more
Date
MONTH MONTH(date) Returns the month of the year a specific date falls in, in numeric format. Learn more
Date
NETWORKDAYS NETWORKDAYS(start_date, end_date, [holidays]) Returns the number of net working days between two provided days. Learn more
Date
NETWORKDAYS.INTL NETWORKDAYS.INTL(start_date, end_date, [weekend], [holidays])  Returns the number of net working days between two provided days excluding specified weekend days and holidays. Learn more
Date
NOW NOW() Returns the current date and time as a date value. Learn more
Date
SECOND SECOND(time) Returns the second component of a specific time, in numeric format. Learn more
Date
TIME TIME(hour, minute, second) Converts a provided hour, minute, and second into a time. Learn more
Date
TIMEVALUE TIMEVALUE(time_string) Returns the fraction of a 24-hour day the time represents. Learn more
Date
TODAY TODAY() Returns the current date as a date value. Learn more
Date
WEEKDAY WEEKDAY(date, [type]) Returns a number representing the day of the week of the date provided. Learn more
Date
WEEKNUM WEEKNUM(date, [type]) Returns a number representing the week of the year where the provided date falls. Learn more
Date
WORKDAY WORKDAY(start_date, num_days, [holidays]) Calculates the end date after a specified number of working days. Learn more
Date
WORKDAY.INTL WORKDAY.INTL(start_date, num_days, [weekend], [holidays]) Calculates the date after a specified number of workdays excluding specified weekend days and holidays. Learn more
Date
YEAR YEAR(date) Returns the year specified by a given date. Learn more
Date
YEARFRAC YEARFRAC(start_date, end_date, [day_count_convention]) Returns the number of years, including fractional years, between two dates using a specified day count convention. Learn more
Engineering
BIN2DEC BIN2DEC(signed_binary_number) Converts a signed binary number to decimal format. Learn more
Engineering
BIN2HEX BIN2HEX(signed_binary_number, [significant_digits]) Converts a signed binary number to signed hexadecimal format. Learn more
Engineering
BIN2OCT BIN2OCT(signed_binary_number, [significant_digits]) Converts a signed binary number to signed octal format. Learn more
Engineering
BITAND BITAND(value1, value2) Bitwise boolean AND of two numbers. Learn more. 
Engineering
BITLSHIFT BITLSHIFT(value, shift_amount) Shifts the bits of the input a certain number of places to the left. Learn more.
Engineering
BITOR BITOR(value1, value2) Bitwise boolean OR of 2 numbers. Learn more. 
Engineering
BITRSHIFT BITRSHIFT(value, shift_amount) Shifts the bits of the input a certain number of places to the right. Learn more. 
Engineering
BITXOR BITXOR(value1, value2) Bitwise XOR (exclusive OR) of 2 numbers. Learn more. 
Engineering
COMPLEX COMPLEX(real_part, imaginary_part, [suffix]) Creates a complex number given real and imaginary coefficients. Learn more
Engineering
DEC2BIN DEC2BIN(decimal_number, [significant_digits]) Converts a decimal number to signed binary format. Learn more
Engineering
DEC2HEX DEC2HEX(decimal_number, [significant_digits]) Converts a decimal number to signed hexadecimal format. Learn more
Engineering
DEC2OCT DEC2OCT(decimal_number, [significant_digits]) Converts a decimal number to signed octal format. Learn more
Engineering
DELTA DELTA(number1, [number2]) Compare two numeric values, returning 1 if they're equal. Learn more
Engineering
ERF ERF(lower_bound, [upper_bound]) The ERF function returns the integral of the Gauss error function over an interval of values. Learn more .
Engineering
ERF.PRECISE ERF.PRECISE(lower_bound, [upper_bound]) See ERF
Engineering
GESTEP GESTEP(value, [step]) Returns 1 if the rate is strictly greater than or equal to the provided step value or 0 otherwise. If no step value is provided then the default value of 0 will be used. Learn more. 
Engineering
HEX2BIN HEX2BIN(signed_hexadecimal_number, [significant_digits]) Converts a signed hexadecimal number to signed binary format. Learn more
Engineering
HEX2DEC HEX2DEC(signed_hexadecimal_number) Converts a signed hexadecimal number to decimal format. Learn more
Engineering
HEX2OCT HEX2OCT(signed_hexadecimal_number, significant_digits) Converts a signed hexadecimal number to signed octal format. Learn more
Engineering
IMABS IMABS(number) Returns absolute value of a complex number. Learn more
Engineering
IMAGINARY IMAGINARY(complex_number) Returns the imaginary coefficient of a complex number. Learn more
Engineering
IMARGUMENT IMARGUMENT(number) The IMARGUMENT function returns the angle (also known as the argument or \theta) of the given complex number in radians. Learn more .
Engineering
IMCONJUGATE IMCONJUGATE(number) Returns the complex conjugate of a number. Learn more
Engineering
IMCOS IMCOS(number) The IMCOS function returns the cosine of the given complex number. Learn more .
Engineering
IMCOSH IMCOSH(number) Returns the hyperbolic cosine of the given complex number. For example, a given complex number "x+yi" returns "cosh(x+yi)." Learn more .
Engineering
IMCOT IMCOT(number) Returns the cotangent of the given complex number. For example, a given complex number "x+yi" returns "cot(x+yi)." Learn more .
Engineering
IMCOTH IMCOTH(number) Returns the hyperbolic cotangent of the given complex number. For example, a given complex number "x+yi" returns "coth(x+yi)."  Learn more .
Engineering
IMCSC IMCSC(number) Returns the cosecant of the given complex number. Learn more .
Engineering
IMCSCH IMCSCH(number) Returns the hyperbolic cosecant of the given complex number. For example, a given complex number "x+yi" returns "csch(x+yi)."  Learn more .
Engineering
IMDIV IMDIV(dividend, divisor) Returns one complex number divided by another. Learn more
Engineering
IMEXP IMEXP(exponent) Returns Euler's number, e (~2.718) raised to a complex power. Learn more .
Engineering
IMLOG IMLOG(value, base) Returns the logarithm of a complex number for a specified base.  Learn more .
Engineering
IMLOG10 IMLOG10(value) Returns the logarithm of a complex number with base 10.  Learn more .
Engineering
IMLOG2 IMLOG2(value) Returns the logarithm of a complex number with base 2.  Learn more .
Engineering
IMPRODUCT IMPRODUCT(factor1, [factor2, ...]) Returns the result of multiplying a series of complex numbers together. Learn more
Engineering
IMREAL IMREAL(complex_number) Returns the real coefficient of a complex number. Learn more
Engineering
IMSEC IMSEC(number) Returns the secant of the given complex number. For example, a given complex number "x+yi" returns "sec(x+yi)."  Learn more .
Engineering
IMSECH IMSECH(number) Returns the hyperbolic secant of the given complex number. For example, a given complex number "x+yi" returns "sech(x+yi)."  Learn more .
Engineering
IMSIN IMSIN (number) Returns the sine of the given complex number. Learn more .
Engineering
IMSINH IMSINH(number) Returns the hyperbolic sine of the given complex number. For example, a given complex number "x+yi" returns "sinh(x+yi)."  Learn more .
Engineering
IMSUB IMSUB(first_number, second_number) Returns the difference between two complex numbers. Learn more
Engineering
IMSUM IMSUM(value1, [value2, ...]) Returns the sum of a series of complex numbers. Learn more
Engineering
IMTAN IMTAN(number) Returns the tangent of the given complex number. Learn more .
Engineering
IMTANH IMTANH(number) Returns the hyperbolic tangent of the given complex number. For example, a given complex number "x+yi" returns "tanh(x+yi)."  Learn more .
Engineering
OCT2BIN OCT2BIN(signed_octal_number, [significant_digits]) Converts a signed octal number to signed binary format. Learn more
Engineering
OCT2DEC OCT2DEC(signed_octal_number) Converts a signed octal number to decimal format. Learn more
Engineering
OCT2HEX OCT2HEX(signed_octal_number, [significant_digits]) Converts a signed octal number to signed hexadecimal format. Learn more
Filter
FILTER FILTER(range, condition1, [condition2]) Returns a filtered version of the source range, returning only rows or columns which meet the specified conditions. Learn more
Filter
SORT SORT(range, sort_column, is_ascending, [sort_column2], [is_ascending2]) Sorts the rows of a given array or range by the values in one or more columns. Learn more
Filter
SORTN SORTN(range, [n], [display_ties_mode], [sort_column1, is_ascending1], ...) Returns the first n items in a data set after performing a sort. Learn more
Filter
UNIQUE UNIQUE(range) Returns unique rows in the provided source range, discarding duplicates. Rows are returned in the order in which they first appear in the source range. Learn more
Financial
ACCRINT ACCRINT(issue, first_payment, settlement, rate, redemption, frequency, [day_count_convention]) Calculates the accrued interest of a security that has periodic payments. Learn more
Financial
ACCRINTM ACCRINTM(issue, maturity, rate, [redemption], [day_count_convention]) Calculates the accrued interest of a security that pays interest at maturity. Learn more
Financial
AMORLINC AMORLINC(cost, purchase_date, first_period_end, salvage, period, rate, [basis]) Returns the depreciation for an accounting period, or the prorated depreciation if the asset was purchased in the middle of a period. Learn more. 
Financial
COUPDAYBS COUPDAYBS(settlement, maturity, frequency, [day_count_convention]) Calculates the number of days from the first coupon, or interest payment, until settlement. Learn more
Financial
COUPDAYS COUPDAYS(settlement, maturity, frequency, [day_count_convention]) Calculates the number of days in the coupon, or interest payment, period that contains the specified settlement date. Learn more
Financial
COUPDAYSNC COUPDAYSNC(settlement, maturity, frequency, [day_count_convention])  Calculates the number of days from the settlement date until the next coupon, or interest payment. Learn more
Financial
COUPNCD COUPNCD(settlement, maturity, frequency, [day_count_convention]) Calculates next coupon, or interest payment, date after the settlement date. Learn more
Financial
COUPNUM COUPNUM(settlement, maturity, frequency, [day_count_convention]) Calculates the number of coupons, or interest payments, between the settlement date and the maturity date of the investment. Learn more
Financial
COUPPCD COUPPCD(settlement, maturity, frequency, [day_count_convention]) Calculates last coupon, or interest payment, date before the settlement date. Learn more
Financial
CUMIPMT CUMIPMT(rate, number_of_periods, present_value, first_period, last_period, end_or_beginning) Calculates the cumulative interest over a range of payment periods for an investment based on constant-amount periodic payments and a constant interest rate. Learn more
Financial
CUMPRINC CUMPRINC(rate, number_of_periods, present_value, first_period, last_period, end_or_beginning) Calculates the cumulative principal paid over a range of payment periods for an investment based on constant-amount periodic payments and a constant interest rate. Learn more
Financial
DB DB(cost, salvage, life, period, [month]) Calculates the depreciation of an asset for a specified period using the arithmetic declining balance method. Learn more
Financial
DDB DDB(cost, salvage, life, period, [factor]) Calculates the depreciation of an asset for a specified period using the double-declining balance method. Learn more
Financial
DISC DISC(settlement, maturity, price, redemption, [day_count_convention]) Calculates the discount rate of a security based on price. Learn more
Financial
DOLLARDE DOLLARDE(fractional_price, unit) Converts a price quotation given as a decimal fraction into a decimal value. Learn more
Financial
DOLLARFR DOLLARFR(decimal_price, unit) Converts a price quotation given as a decimal value into a decimal fraction. Learn more
Financial
DURATION DURATION(settlement, maturity, rate, yield, frequency, [day_count_convention]) . Calculates the number of compounding periods required for an investment of a specified present value appreciating at a given rate to reach a target value. Learn more
Financial
EFFECT EFFECT(nominal_rate, periods_per_year) Calculates the annual effective interest rate given the nominal rate and number of compounding periods per year. Learn more
Financial
FV FV(rate, number_of_periods, payment_amount, [present_value], [end_or_beginning]) Calculates the future value of an annuity investment based on constant-amount periodic payments and a constant interest rate. Learn more
Financial
FVSCHEDULE FVSCHEDULE(principal, rate_schedule) Calculates the future value of some principal based on a specified series of potentially varying interest rates. Learn more
Financial
INTRATE INTRATE(buy_date, sell_date, buy_price, sell_price, [day_count_convention])  Calculates the effective interest rate generated when an investment is purchased at one price and sold at another with no interest or dividends generated by the investment itself. Learn more
Financial
IPMT IPMT(rate, period, number_of_periods, present_value, [future_value], [end_or_beginning]) Calculates the payment on interest for an investment based on constant-amount periodic payments and a constant interest rate. Learn more
Financial
IRR IRR(cashflow_amounts, [rate_guess]) Calculates the internal rate of return on an investment based on a series of periodic cash flows. Learn more
Financial
ISPMT ISPMT(rate, period, number_of_periods, present_value) The ISPMT function calculates the interest paid during a particular period of an investment. Learn more .
Financial
MDURATION MDURATION(settlement, maturity, rate, yield, frequency, [day_count_convention]) Calculates the modified Macaulay duration of a security paying periodic interest, such as a US Treasury Bond, based on expected yield. Learn more
Financial
MIRR MIRR(cashflow_amounts, financing_rate, reinvestment_return_rate) Calculates the modified internal rate of return on an investment based on a series of periodic cash flows and the difference between the interest rate paid on financing versus the return received on reinvested income. Learn more
Financial
NOMINAL NOMINAL(effective_rate, periods_per_year) Calculates the annual nominal interest rate given the effective rate and number of compounding periods per year. Learn more
Financial
NPER NPER(rate, payment_amount, present_value, [future_value], [end_or_beginning])  Calculates the number of payment periods for an investment based on constant-amount periodic payments and a constant interest rate. Learn more
Financial
NPV NPV(discount, cashflow1, [cashflow2, ...]) Calculates the net present value of an investment based on a series of periodic cash flows and a discount rate. Learn more
Financial
PDURATION PDURATION(rate, present_value, future_value) Returns the number of periods for an investment to reach a specific value at a given rate.  Learn more .
Financial
PMT PMT(rate, number_of_periods, present_value, [future_value], [end_or_beginning]) Calculates the periodic payment for an annuity investment based on constant-amount periodic payments and a constant interest rate. Learn more
Financial
PPMT PPMT(rate, period, number_of_periods, present_value, [future_value], [end_or_beginning]) Calculates the payment on the principal of an investment based on constant-amount periodic payments and a constant interest rate. Learn more
Financial
PRICE PRICE(settlement, maturity, rate, yield, redemption, frequency, [day_count_convention]) Calculates the price of a security paying periodic interest, such as a US Treasury Bond, based on expected yield. Learn more
Financial
PRICEDISC PRICEDISC(settlement, maturity, discount, redemption, [day_count_convention]) Calculates the price of a discount (non-interest-bearing) security, based on expected yield. Learn more
Financial
PRICEMAT PRICEMAT(settlement, maturity, issue, rate, yield, [day_count_convention])  Calculates the price of a security paying interest at maturity, based on expected yield. Learn more
Financial
PV PV(rate, number_of_periods, payment_amount, [future_value], [end_or_beginning]) Calculates the present value of an annuity investment based on constant-amount periodic payments and a constant interest rate. Learn more
Financial
RATE RATE(number_of_periods, payment_per_period, present_value, [future_value], [end_or_beginning], [rate_guess]) Calculates the interest rate of an annuity investment based on constant-amount periodic payments and the assumption of a constant interest rate. Learn more
Financial
RECEIVED RECEIVED(settlement, maturity, investment, discount, [day_count_convention])  Calculates the amount received at maturity for an investment in fixed-income securities purchased on a given date. Learn more
Financial
RRI RRI(number_of_periods, present_value, future_value) Returns the interest rate needed for an investment to reach a specific value within a given number of periods.  Learn more .
Financial
SLN SLN(cost, salvage, life) Calculates the depreciation of an asset for one period using the straight-line method. Learn more
Financial
SYD SYD(cost, salvage, life, period) Calculates the depreciation of an asset for a specified period using the sum of years digits method. Learn more
Financial
TBILLEQ TBILLEQ(settlement, maturity, discount) Calculates the equivalent annualized rate of return of a US Treasury Bill based on discount rate. Learn more
Financial
TBILLPRICE TBILLPRICE(settlement, maturity, discount) Calculates the price of a US Treasury Bill based on discount rate. Learn more
Financial
TBILLYIELD TBILLYIELD(settlement, maturity, price) Calculates the yield of a US Treasury Bill based on price. Learn more
Financial
VDB VDB(cost, salvage, life, start_period, end_period, [factor], [no_switch]) Returns the depreciation of an asset for a particular period (or partial period).  Learn more .
Financial
XIRR XIRR(cashflow_amounts, cashflow_dates, [rate_guess]) Calculates the internal rate of return of an investment based on a specified series of potentially irregularly spaced cash flows. Learn more
Financial
XNPV XNPV(discount, cashflow_amounts, cashflow_dates) Calculates the net present value of an investment based on a specified series of potentially irregularly spaced cash flows and a discount rate. Learn more
Financial
YIELD YIELD(settlement, maturity, rate, price, redemption, frequency, [day_count_convention]) Calculates the annual yield of a security paying periodic interest, such as a US Treasury Bond, based on price. Learn more
Financial
YIELDDISC YIELDDISC(settlement, maturity, price, redemption, [day_count_convention])  Calculates the annual yield of a discount (non-interest-bearing) security, based on price. Learn more
Financial
YIELDMAT YIELDMAT(settlement, maturity, issue, rate, price, [day_count_convention]) Calculates the annual yield of a security paying interest at maturity, based on price. Learn more
Google
ARRAYFORMULA ARRAYFORMULA(array_formula) Enables the display of values returned from an array formula into multiple rows and/or columns and the use of non-array functions with arrays. Learn more
Google
DETECTLANGUAGE DETECTLANGUAGE(text_or_range) Identifies the language used in text within the specified range. Learn more
Google
GOOGLEFINANCE GOOGLEFINANCE(ticker, [attribute], [start_date], [end_date|num_days], [interval]) Fetches current or historical securities information from Google Finance. Learn more
Google
GOOGLETRANSLATE GOOGLETRANSLATE(text, [source_language], [target_language]) Translates text from one language into another  Learn more
Google
IMAGE IMAGE(url, [mode], [height], [width]) Inserts an image into a cell. Learn more
Google
QUERY QUERY(data, query, [headers]) Runs a Google Visualization API Query Language query across data. Learn more
Google
SPARKLINE SPARKLINE(data, [options]) Creates a miniature chart contained within a single cell. Learn more
Info
ERROR.TYPE ERROR.TYPE(reference) Returns a number corresponding to the error value in a different cell. Learn more
Info
ISBLANK ISBLANK(value) Checks whether the referenced cell is empty. Learn more
Info
ISDATE ISDATE(value) Returns whether a value is a date. Learn more. 
Info
ISEMAIL ISEMAIL(value) Checks whether a value is a valid email address. Learn more
Info
ISERR ISERR(value) Checks whether a value is an error other than `#N/A`. Learn more
Info
ISERROR ISERROR(value) Checks whether a value is an error. Learn more
Info
ISFORMULA ISFORMULA(cell) Checks whether a formula is in the referenced cell. Learn more
Info
ISLOGICAL ISLOGICAL(value) Checks whether a value is `TRUE` or `FALSE`. Learn more
Info
ISNA ISNA(value) Checks whether a value is the error `#N/A`. Learn more
Info
ISNONTEXT ISNONTEXT(value) Checks whether a value is non-textual. Learn more
Info
ISNUMBER ISNUMBER(value) Checks whether a value is a number. Learn more
Info
ISREF ISREF(value) Checks whether a value is a valid cell reference. Learn more
Info
ISTEXT ISTEXT(value) Checks whether a value is text. Learn more
Info
N N(value) Returns the argument provided as a number. Learn more
Info
NA NA() Returns the "value not available" error, `#N/A`. Learn more
Info
TYPE TYPE(value) Returns a number associated with the type of data passed into the function. Learn more
Info
CELL CELL(info_type, reference) Returns the requested information about the specified cell. Learn more
Logical
AND AND(logical_expression1, [logical_expression2, ...]) Returns true if all of the provided arguments are logically true, and false if any of the provided arguments are logically false. Learn more
Logical
FALSE FALSE() Returns the logical value `FALSE`. Learn more
Logical
IF IF(logical_expression, value_if_true, value_if_false) Returns one value if a logical expression is `TRUE` and another if it is `FALSE`. Learn more
Logical
IFERROR IFERROR(value, [value_if_error]) Returns the first argument if it is not an error value, otherwise returns the second argument if present, or a blank if the second argument is absent.  Learn more
Logical
IFNA IFNA(value, value_if_na) Evaluates a value. If the value is an #N/A error, returns the specified value. Learn more .
Logical
IFS IFS(condition1, value1, [condition2, value2], …) Evaluates multiple conditions and returns a value that corresponds to the first true condition. Learn more.
Logical
LAMBDA LAMBDA(name, formula_expression) Creates and returns a custom function with a set of names and a formula_expression that uses them. To calculate the formula_expression, you can call the returned function with as many values as the name declares. Learn more
Logical
LET LET(name1, value_expression1, [name2, …], [value_expression2, …], formula_expression ) Assigns name with the value_expression results and returns the result of the formula_expression. The formula_expression can use the names defined in the scope of the LET function. The value_expressions are evaluated only once in the LET function even if the following value_expressions or the formula_expression use them multiple times. Learn more
Logical
NOT NOT(logical_expression) Returns the opposite of a logical value - `NOT(TRUE)` returns `FALSE`; `NOT(FALSE)` returns `TRUE`. Learn more
Logical
OR OR(logical_expression1, [logical_expression2, ...]) Returns true if any of the provided arguments are logically true, and false if all of the provided arguments are logically false. Learn more
Logical
SWITCH SWITCH(expression, case1, value1, [default or case2, value2], …) Tests an expression against a list of cases and returns the corresponding value of the first matching case, with an optional default value if nothing else is met. Learn more
Logical
TRUE TRUE() Returns the logical value `TRUE`. Learn more
Logical
XOR XOR(logical_expression1, [logical_expression2, ...]) The XOR function performs an exclusive or of 2 numbers that returns a 1 if the numbers are different, and a 0 otherwise. Learn more .
Lookup
ADDRESS ADDRESS(row, column, [absolute_relative_mode], [use_a1_notation], [sheet]) Returns a cell reference as a string. Learn more
Lookup
CHOOSE CHOOSE(index, choice1, [choice2, ...]) Returns an element from a list of choices based on index. Learn more
Lookup
COLUMN COLUMN([cell_reference]) Returns the column number of a specified cell, with `A=1`. Learn more
Lookup
COLUMNS COLUMNS(range) Returns the number of columns in a specified array or range. Learn more
Lookup
FORMULATEXT FORMULATEXT(cell) Returns the formula as a string.  Learn more .
Lookup
GETPIVOTDATA GETPIVOTDATA(value_name, any_pivot_table_cell, [original_column, ...], [pivot_item, ...] Extracts an aggregated value from a pivot table that corresponds to the specified row and column headings. Learn more
Lookup
HLOOKUP HLOOKUP(search_key, range, index, [is_sorted]) Horizontal lookup. Searches across the first row of a range for a key and returns the value of a specified cell in the column found. Learn more
Lookup
INDEX INDEX(reference, [row], [column]) Returns the content of a cell, specified by row and column offset. Learn more
Lookup
INDIRECT INDIRECT(cell_reference_as_string, [is_A1_notation]) Returns a cell reference specified by a string. Learn more
Lookup
LOOKUP LOOKUP(search_key, search_range|search_result_array, [result_range]) Looks through a row or column for a key and returns the value of the cell in a result range located in the same position as the search row or column. Learn more
Lookup
MATCH MATCH(search_key, range, [search_type]) Returns the relative position of an item in a range that matches a specified value. Learn more
Lookup
OFFSET OFFSET(cell_reference, offset_rows, offset_columns, [height], [width]) Returns a range reference shifted a specified number of rows and columns from a starting cell reference. Learn more
Lookup
ROW ROW([cell_reference]) Returns the row number of a specified cell. Learn more
Lookup
ROWS ROWS(range) Returns the number of rows in a specified array or range. Learn more
Lookup
VLOOKUP VLOOKUP(search_key, range, index, [is_sorted]) Vertical lookup. Searches down the first column of a range for a key and returns the value of a specified cell in the row found. Learn more
Lookup
XLOOKUP XLOOKUP(search_key, lookup_range, result_range, missing_value, [match_mode], [search_mode]) Returns the values in the result range based on the position where a match was found in the lookup range. If no match is found, it returns the closest match. Learn more
Math
ABS ABS(value) Returns the absolute value of a number. Learn more
Math
ACOS ACOS(value) Returns the inverse cosine of a value, in radians. Learn more
Math
ACOSH ACOSH(value) Returns the inverse hyperbolic cosine of a number. Learn more
Math
ACOT ACOT(value) Returns the inverse cotangent of a value, in radians. Learn more .
Math
ACOTH ACOTH(value) Returns the inverse hyperbolic cotangent of a value, in radians. Must not be between -1 and 1, inclusive. Learn more .
Math
ASIN ASIN(value) Returns the inverse sine of a value, in radians. Learn more
Math
ASINH ASINH(value) Returns the inverse hyperbolic sine of a number. Learn more
Math
ATAN ATAN(value) Returns the inverse tangent of a value, in radians. Learn more
Math
ATAN2 ATAN2(x, y) Returns the angle between the x-axis and a line segment from the origin (0,0) to specified coordinate pair (`x`,`y`), in radians. Learn more
Math
ATANH ATANH(value) Returns the inverse hyperbolic tangent of a number. Learn more
Math
BASE BASE(value, base, [min_length]) Converts a number into a text representation in another base, for example, base 2 for binary. Learn more .
Math
CEILING CEILING(value, [factor]) Rounds a number up to the nearest integer multiple of specified significance. Learn more
Math
CEILING.MATH CEILING.MATH(number, [significance], [mode]) Rounds a number up to the nearest integer multiple of specified significance, with negative numbers rounding toward or away from 0 depending on the mode. Learn more.
Math
CEILING.PRECISE CEILING.PRECISE(number, [significance]) Rounds a number up to the nearest integer multiple of specified significance. If the number is positive or negative, it is rounded up. Learn more.
Math
COMBIN COMBIN(n, k) Returns the number of ways to choose some number of objects from a pool of a given size of objects. Learn more
Math
COMBINA COMBINA(n, k) Returns the number of ways to choose some number of objects from a pool of a given size of objects, including ways that choose the same object multiple times. Learn more .
Math
COS COS(angle) Returns the cosine of an angle provided in radians. Learn more
Math
COSH COSH(value) Returns the hyperbolic cosine of any real number. Learn more
Math
COT COT(angle) Cotangent of an angle provided in radians. Learn more .
Math
COTH COTH(value) Returns the hyperbolic cotangent of any real number. Learn more .
Math
COUNTBLANK COUNTBLANK(range) Returns the number of empty cells in a given range. Learn more
Math
COUNTIF COUNTIF(range, criterion) Returns a conditional count across a range. Learn more
Math
COUNTIFS COUNTIFS(criteria_range1, criterion1, [criteria_range2, criterion2, ...]) Returns the count of a range depending on multiple criteria. Learn more
Math
COUNTUNIQUE COUNTUNIQUE(value1, [value2, ...]) Counts the number of unique values in a list of specified values and ranges. Learn more
Math
CSC CSC(angle) Returns the cosecant of an angle provided in radians. Learn more .
Math
CSCH CSCH(value) The CSCH function returns the hyperbolic cosecant of any real number. Learn more .
Math
DECIMAL DECIMAL(value, base) The DECIMAL function converts the text representation of a number in another base, to base 10 (decimal). Learn more .
Math
DEGREES DEGREES(angle) Converts an angle value in radians to degrees. Learn more
Math
ERFC ERFC(z) Returns the complementary Gauss error function of a value. Learn more
Math
ERFC.PRECISE ERFC.PRECISE(z) See ERFC
Math
EVEN EVEN(value) Rounds a number up to the nearest even integer. Learn more
Math
EXP EXP(exponent) Returns Euler's number, e (~2.718) raised to a power. Learn more
Math
FACT FACT(value) Returns the factorial of a number. Learn more
Math
FACTDOUBLE FACTDOUBLE(value) Returns the "double factorial" of a number. Learn more
Math
FLOOR FLOOR(value, [factor]) Rounds a number down to the nearest integer multiple of specified significance. Learn more
Math
FLOOR.MATH FLOOR.MATH(number, [significance], [mode]) Rounds a number down to the nearest integer multiple of specified significance, with negative numbers rounding toward or away from 0 depending on the mode. Learn more.
Math
FLOOR.PRECISE FLOOR.PRECISE(number, [significance]) The FLOOR.PRECISE function rounds a number down to the nearest integer or multiple of specified significance. Learn more .
Math
GAMMALN GAMMALN(value) Returns the the logarithm of a specified Gamma function, base e (Euler's number). Learn more
Math
GAMMALN.PRECISE GAMMALN.PRECISE(value) See GAMMALN
Math
GCD GCD(value1, value2) Returns the greatest common divisor of one or more integers. Learn more
Math
IMLN IMLN(complex_value) Returns the logarithm of a complex number, base e (Euler's number). Learn more
Math
IMPOWER IMPOWER(complex_base, exponent) Returns a complex number raised to a power. Learn more
Math
IMSQRT IMSQRT(complex_number) Computes the square root of a complex number. Learn more
Math
INT INT(value) Rounds a number down to the nearest integer that is less than or equal to it. Learn more
Math
ISEVEN ISEVEN(value) Checks whether the provided value is even. Learn more
Math
ISO.CEILING ISO.CEILING(number, [significance]) See CEILING.PRECISE
Math
ISODD ISODD(value) Checks whether the provided value is odd. Learn more
Math
LCM LCM(value1, value2) Returns the least common multiple of one or more integers. Learn more
Math
LN LN(value) Returns the the logarithm of a number, base e (Euler's number). Learn more
Math
LOG LOG(value, base) Returns the the logarithm of a number given a base. Learn more
Math
LOG10 LOG10(value) Returns the the logarithm of a number, base 10. Learn more
Math
MOD MOD(dividend, divisor) Returns the result of the modulo operator, the remainder after a division operation. Learn more
Math
MROUND MROUND(value, factor) Rounds one number to the nearest integer multiple of another.  Learn more
Math
MULTINOMIAL MULTINOMIAL(value1, value2) Returns the factorial of the sum of values divided by the product of the values' factorials. Learn more
Math
MUNIT MUNIT(dimension) Returns a unit matrix of size dimension x dimension.  Learn more .
Math
ODD ODD(value) Rounds a number up to the nearest odd integer. Learn more
Math
PI PI() Returns the value of Pi to 14 decimal places. Learn more
Math
POWER POWER(base, exponent) Returns a number raised to a power. Learn more
Math
PRODUCT PRODUCT(factor1, [factor2, ...]) Returns the result of multiplying a series of numbers together. Learn more
Math
QUOTIENT QUOTIENT(dividend, divisor) Returns one number divided by another. Learn more
Math
RADIANS RADIANS(angle) Converts an angle value in degrees to radians. Learn more
Math
RAND RAND() Returns a random number between 0 inclusive and 1 exclusive. Learn more
Math
RANDARRAY RANDARRAY(rows, columns) Generates an array of random numbers between 0 and 1.  Learn more .
Math
RANDBETWEEN RANDBETWEEN(low, high) Returns a uniformly random integer between two values, inclusive. Learn more
Math
ROUND ROUND(value, [places]) Rounds a number to a certain number of decimal places according to standard rules. Learn more
Math
ROUNDDOWN ROUNDDOWN(value, [places]) Rounds a number to a certain number of decimal places, always rounding down to the next valid increment. Learn more
Math
ROUNDUP ROUNDUP(value, [places]) Rounds a number to a certain number of decimal places, always rounding up to the next valid increment. Learn more
Math
SEC SEC(angle) The SEC function returns the secant of an angle, measured in radians. Learn more .
Math
SECH SECH(value) The SECH function returns the hyperbolic secant of an angle. Learn more
Math
SEQUENCE SEQUENCE(rows, columns, start, step) Returns an array of sequential numbers, such as 1, 2, 3, 4.  Learn more .
Math
SERIESSUM SERIESSUM(x, n, m, a) Given parameters x , n , m , and a , returns the power series sum a 1 x n + a 2 x (n+m) + ... + a i x (n+(i-1)m) , where i is the number of entries in range `a`. Learn more
Math
SIGN SIGN(value) Given an input number, returns `-1` if it is negative, `1` if positive, and `0` if it is zero. Learn more
Math
SIN SIN(angle) Returns the sine of an angle provided in radians. Learn more
Math
SINH SINH(value) Returns the hyperbolic sine of any real number. Learn more
Math
SQRT SQRT(value) Returns the positive square root of a positive number. Learn more
Math
SQRTPI SQRTPI(value) Returns the positive square root of the product of Pi and the given positive number. Learn more
Math
SUBTOTAL SUBTOTAL(function_code, range1, [range2, ...]) Returns a subtotal for a vertical range of cells using a specified aggregation function. Learn more
Math
SUM SUM(value1, [value2, ...]) Returns the sum of a series of numbers and/or cells. Learn more
Math
SUMIF SUMIF(range, criterion, [sum_range]) Returns a conditional sum across a range.  Learn more
Math
SUMIFS SUMIFS(sum_range, criteria_range1, criterion1, [criteria_range2, criterion2, ...]) Returns the sum of a range depending on multiple criteria. Learn more
Math
SUMSQ SUMSQ(value1, [value2, ...]) Returns the sum of the squares of a series of numbers and/or cells. Learn more
Math
TAN TAN(angle) Returns the tangent of an angle provided in radians. Learn more
Math
TANH TANH(value) Returns the hyperbolic tangent of any real number. Learn more
Math
TRUNC TRUNC(value, [places]) Truncates a number to a certain number of significant digits by omitting less significant digits. Learn more
Operator
ADD ADD(value1, value2) Returns the sum of two numbers. Equivalent to the `+` operator. Learn more
Operator
CONCAT CONCAT(value1, value2) Returns the concatenation of two values. Equivalent to the `&` operator. Learn more
Operator
DIVIDE DIVIDE(dividend, divisor) Returns one number divided by another. Equivalent to the `/` operator. Learn more
Operator
EQ EQ(value1, value2) Returns `TRUE` if two specified values are equal and `FALSE` otherwise. Equivalent to the `=` operator. Learn more
Operator
GT GT(value1, value2) Returns `TRUE` if the first argument is strictly greater than the second, and `FALSE` otherwise. Equivalent to the `>` operator. Learn more
Operator
GTE GTE(value1, value2) Returns `TRUE` if the first argument is greater than or equal to the second, and `FALSE` otherwise. Equivalent to the `>=` operator. Learn more
Operator
ISBETWEEN ISBETWEEN(value_to_compare, lower_value, upper_value, lower_value_is_inclusive, upper_value_is_inclusive) Checks whether a provided number is between two other numbers either inclusively or exclusively. Learn more
Operator
LT LT(value1, value2) Returns `TRUE` if the first argument is strictly less than the second, and `FALSE` otherwise. Equivalent to the `<` operator. Learn more
Operator
LTE LTE(value1, value2) Returns `TRUE` if the first argument is less than or equal to the second, and `FALSE` otherwise. Equivalent to the `<=` operator. Learn more
Operator
MINUS MINUS(value1, value2) Returns the difference of two numbers. Equivalent to the `-` operator. Learn more
Operator
MULTIPLY MULTIPLY(factor1, factor2) Returns the product of two numbers. Equivalent to the `*` operator. Learn more
Operator
NE NE(value1, value2) Returns `TRUE` if two specified values are not equal and `FALSE` otherwise. Equivalent to the `<>` operator. Learn more
Operator
POW POW(base, exponent) Returns a number raised to a power. Learn more
Operator
UMINUS UMINUS(value) Returns a number with the sign reversed. Learn more
Operator
UNARY_PERCENT UNARY_PERCENT(percentage) Returns a value interpreted as a percentage; that is, `UNARY_PERCENT(100)` equals `1`. Learn more
Operator
UNIQUE UNIQUE(range, by_column, exactly_once) Returns unique rows in the provided source range, discarding duplicates. Rows are returned in the order in which they first appear in the source range. Learn more
Operator
UPLUS UPLUS(value) Returns a specified number, unchanged.  Learn more
Statistical
AVEDEV AVEDEV(value1, [value2, ...]) Calculates the average of the magnitudes of deviations of data from a dataset's mean. Learn more
Statistical
AVERAGE AVERAGE(value1, [value2, ...]) Returns the numerical average value in a dataset, ignoring text. Learn more
Statistical
AVERAGE.WEIGHTED AVERAGE.WEIGHTED(values, weights, [additional values], [additional weights]) Finds the weighted average of a set of values, given the values and the corresponding weights. Learn more .
Statistical
AVERAGEA AVERAGEA(value1, [value2, ...]) Returns the numerical average value in a dataset. Learn more
Statistical
AVERAGEIF AVERAGEIF(criteria_range, criterion, [average_range]) Returns the average of a range depending on criteria. Learn more
Statistical
AVERAGEIFS AVERAGEIFS(average_range, criteria_range1, criterion1, [criteria_range2, criterion2, ...]) Returns the average of a range depending on multiple criteria. Learn more
Statistical
BETA.DIST BETA.DIST(value, alpha, beta, cumulative, lower_bound, upper_bound) Returns the probability of a given value as defined by the beta distribution function. Learn more .
Statistical
BETA.INV BETA.INV(probability, alpha, beta, lower_bound, upper_bound) Returns the value of the inverse beta distribution function for a given probability. Learn more. 
Statistical
BETADIST BETADIST(value, alpha, beta, lower_bound, upper_bound) See  BETA.DIST .
Statistical
BETAINV BETAINV(probability, alpha, beta, lower_bound, upper_bound)  See  BETA.INV 
Statistical
BINOM.DIST BINOM.DIST(num_successes, num_trials, prob_success, cumulative) See BINOMDIST
Statistical
BINOM.INV BINOM.INV(num_trials, prob_success, target_prob) See CRITBINOM
Statistical
BINOMDIST BINOMDIST(num_successes, num_trials, prob_success, cumulative) Calculates the probability of drawing a certain number of successes (or a maximum number of successes) in a certain number of tries given a population of a certain size containing a certain number of successes, with replacement of draws. Learn more
Statistical
CHIDIST CHIDIST(x, degrees_freedom) Calculates the right-tailed chi-squared distribution, often used in hypothesis testing. Learn more
Statistical
CHIINV CHIINV(probability, degrees_freedom) Calculates the inverse of the right-tailed chi-squared distribution. Learn more
Statistical
CHISQ.DIST CHISQ.DIST(x, degrees_freedom, cumulative) Calculates the left-tailed chi-squared distribution, often used in hypothesis testing. Learn more
Statistical
CHISQ.DIST.RT CHISQ.DIST.RT(x, degrees_freedom) Calculates the right-tailed chi-squared distribution, which is commonly used in hypothesis testing. Learn more
Statistical
CHISQ.INV CHISQ.INV(probability, degrees_freedom) Calculates the inverse of the left-tailed chi-squared distribution. Learn more
Statistical
CHISQ.INV.RT CHISQ.INV.RT(probability, degrees_freedom) Calculates the inverse of the right-tailed chi-squared distribution. Learn more
Statistical
CHISQ.TEST CHISQ.TEST(observed_range, expected_range) See CHITEST
Statistical
CHITEST CHITEST(observed_range, expected_range) Returns the probability associated with a Pearson’s chi-squared test on the two ranges of data. Determines the likelihood that the observed categorical data is drawn from an expected distribution. Learn more
Statistical
CONFIDENCE CONFIDENCE(alpha, standard_deviation, pop_size) See CONFIDENCE.NORM
Statistical
CONFIDENCE.NORM CONFIDENCE.NORM(alpha, standard_deviation, pop_size) Calculates the width of half the confidence interval for a normal distribution. Learn more .
Statistical
CONFIDENCE.T CONFIDENCE.T(alpha, standard_deviation, size) Calculates the width of half the confidence interval for a Student’s t-distribution. Learn more .
Statistical
CORREL CORREL(data_y, data_x) Calculates r, the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient of a dataset. Learn more
Statistical
COUNT COUNT(value1, [value2, ...]) Returns a count of the number of numeric values in a dataset. Learn more
Statistical
COUNTA COUNTA(value1, [value2, ...]) Returns a count of the number of values in a dataset. Learn more
Statistical
COVAR COVAR(data_y, data_x) Calculates the covariance of a dataset. Learn more
Statistical
COVARIANCE.P COVARIANCE.P(data_y, data_x) See COVAR
Statistical
COVARIANCE.S COVARIANCE.S(data_y, data_x) Calculates the covariance of a dataset, where the dataset is a sample of the total population. Learn more .
Statistical
CRITBINOM CRITBINOM(num_trials, prob_success, target_prob) Calculates the smallest value for which the cumulative binomial distribution is greater than or equal to a specified criteria. Learn more
Statistical
DEVSQ DEVSQ(value1, value2) Calculates the sum of squares of deviations based on a sample. Learn more
Statistical
EXPON.DIST EXPON.DIST(x, LAMBDA, cumulative) Returns the value of the exponential distribution function with a specified LAMBDA at a specified value. Learn more
Statistical
EXPONDIST EXPONDIST(x, LAMBDA, cumulative) See  EXPON.DIST
Statistical
F.DIST F.DIST(x, degrees_freedom1, degrees_freedom2, cumulative) Calculates the left-tailed F probability distribution (degree of diversity) for two data sets with given input x. Alternately called Fisher-Snedecor distribution or Snedecor's F distribution. Learn more
Statistical
F.DIST.RT F.DIST.RT(x, degrees_freedom1, degrees_freedom2) Calculates the right-tailed F probability distribution (degree of diversity) for two data sets with given input x. Alternately called Fisher-Snedecor distribution or Snedecor's F distribution. Learn more
Statistical
F.INV F.INV(probability, degrees_freedom1, degrees_freedom2) Calculates the inverse of the left-tailed F probability distribution. Also called the Fisher-Snedecor distribution or Snedecor’s F distribution. Learn more
Statistical
F.INV.RT F.INV.RT(probability, degrees_freedom1, degrees_freedom2) Calculates the inverse of the right-tailed F probability distribution. Also called the Fisher-Snedecor distribution or Snedecor’s F distribution. Learn more
Statistical
F.TEST F.TEST(range1, range2) See FTEST .
Statistical
FDIST FDIST(x, degrees_freedom1, degrees_freedom2) See  F.DIST.RT .
Statistical
FINV FINV(probability, degrees_freedom1, degrees_freedom2) See F.INV.RT
Statistical
FISHER FISHER(value) Returns the Fisher transformation of a specified value. Learn more
Statistical
FISHERINV FISHERINV(value) Returns the inverse Fisher transformation of a specified value. Learn more
Statistical
FORECAST FORECAST(x, data_y, data_x) Calculates the expected y-value for a specified x based on a linear regression of a dataset. Learn more
Statistical
FORECAST.LINEAR FORECAST.LINEAR(x, data_y, data_x) See FORECAST
Statistical
FTEST FTEST(range1, range2) Returns the probability associated with an F-test for equality of variances. Determines whether two samples are likely to have come from populations with the same variance. Learn more
Statistical
GAMMA GAMMA(number) Returns the Gamma function evaluated at the specified value. Learn more .
Statistical
GAMMA.DIST GAMMA.DIST(x, alpha, beta, cumulative) Calculates the gamma distribution, a two-parameter continuous probability distribution. Learn more
Statistical
GAMMA.INV GAMMA.INV(probability, alpha, beta) The GAMMA.INV function returns the value of the inverse gamma cumulative distribution function for the specified probability and alpha and beta parameters. Learn more .
Statistical
GAMMADIST GAMMADIST(x, alpha, beta, cumulative) See  GAMMA.DIST
Statistical
GAMMAINV GAMMAINV(probability, alpha, beta) See  GAMMA.INV .
Statistical
GAUSS GAUSS(z) The GAUSS function returns the probability that a random variable, drawn from a normal distribution, will be between the mean and z standard deviations above (or below) the mean. Learn more .
Statistical
GEOMEAN GEOMEAN(value1, value2) Calculates the geometric mean of a dataset. Learn more
Statistical
HARMEAN HARMEAN(value1, value2) Calculates the harmonic mean of a dataset. Learn more
Statistical
HYPGEOM.DIST HYPGEOM.DIST(num_successes, num_draws, successes_in_pop, pop_size) See HYPGEOMDIST
Statistical
HYPGEOMDIST HYPGEOMDIST(num_successes, num_draws, successes_in_pop, pop_size)  Calculates the probability of drawing a certain number of successes in a certain number of tries given a population of a certain size containing a certain number of successes, without replacement of draws. Learn more
Statistical
INTERCEPT INTERCEPT(data_y, data_x) Calculates the y-value at which the line resulting from linear regression of a dataset will intersect the y-axis (x=0). Learn more
Statistical
KURT KURT(value1, value2) Calculates the kurtosis of a dataset, which describes the shape, and in particular the "peakedness" of that dataset. Learn more
Statistical
LARGE LARGE(data, n) Returns the nth largest element from a data set, where n is user-defined. Learn more
Statistical
LOGINV LOGINV(x, mean, standard_deviation) Returns the value of the inverse log-normal cumulative distribution with given mean and standard deviation at a specified value. Learn more
Statistical
LOGNORM.DIST LOGNORM.DIST(x, mean, standard_deviation) See LOGNORMDIST
Statistical
LOGNORM.INV LOGNORM.INV(x, mean, standard_deviation) See LOGINV
Statistical
LOGNORMDIST LOGNORMDIST(x, mean, standard_deviation) Returns the value of the log-normal cumulative distribution with given mean and standard deviation at a specified value. Learn more
Statistical
MARGINOFERROR MARGINOFERROR(range, confidence) Calculates the amount of random sampling error given a range of values and a confidence level. Learn more
Statistical
MAX MAX(value1, [value2, ...]) Returns the maximum value in a numeric dataset. Learn more
Statistical
MAXA MAXA(value1, value2) Returns the maximum numeric value in a dataset. Learn more
Statistical
MAXIFS MAXIFS(range, criteria_range1, criterion1, [criteria_range2, criterion2], …) Returns the maximum value in a range of cells, filtered by a set of criteria. Learn more.
Statistical
MEDIAN MEDIAN(value1, [value2, ...]) Returns the median value in a numeric dataset. Learn more
Statistical
MIN MIN(value1, [value2, ...]) Returns the minimum value in a numeric dataset. Learn more
Statistical
MINA MINA(value1, value2) Returns the minimum numeric value in a dataset. Learn more
Statistical
MINIFS MINIFS(range, criteria_range1, criterion1, [criteria_range2, criterion2], …) Returns the minimum value in a range of cells, filtered by a set of criteria. Learn more.
Statistical
MODE MODE(value1, [value2, ...]) Returns the most commonly occurring value in a dataset. Learn more
Statistical
MODE.MULT MODE.MULT(value1, value2) Returns the most commonly occurring values in a dataset.  Learn more .
Statistical
MODE.SNGL MODE.SNGL(value1, [value2, ...]) See MODE
Statistical
NEGBINOM.DIST NEGBINOM.DIST(num_failures, num_successes, prob_success) See NEGBINOMDIST
Statistical
NEGBINOMDIST NEGBINOMDIST(num_failures, num_successes, prob_success) Calculates the probability of drawing a certain number of failures before a certain number of successes given a probability of success in independent trials. Learn more
Statistical
NORM.DIST NORM.DIST(x, mean, standard_deviation, cumulative) See NORMDIST
Statistical
NORM.INV NORM.INV(x, mean, standard_deviation) See NORMINV
Statistical
NORM.S.DIST NORM.S.DIST(x) See NORMSDIST
Statistical
NORM.S.INV NORM.S.INV(x) See NORMSINV
Statistical
NORMDIST NORMDIST(x, mean, standard_deviation, cumulative) Returns the value of the normal distribution function (or normal cumulative distribution function) for a specified value, mean, and standard deviation. Learn more
Statistical
NORMINV NORMINV(x, mean, standard_deviation) Returns the value of the inverse normal distribution function for a specified value, mean, and standard deviation. Learn more
Statistical
NORMSDIST NORMSDIST(x) Returns the value of the standard normal cumulative distribution function for a specified value. Learn more
Statistical
NORMSINV NORMSINV(x) Returns the value of the inverse standard normal distribution function for a specified value. Learn more
Statistical
PEARSON PEARSON(data_y, data_x) Calculates r, the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient of a dataset. Learn more
Statistical
PERCENTILE PERCENTILE(data, percentile) Returns the value at a given percentile of a dataset. Learn more
Statistical
PERCENTILE.EXC PERCENTILE.EXC(data, percentile) Returns the value at a given percentile of a dataset, exclusive of 0 and 1.  Learn more .
Statistical
PERCENTILE.INC PERCENTILE.INC(data, percentile) See PERCENTILE
Statistical
PERCENTRANK PERCENTRANK(data, value, [significant_digits]) Returns the percentage rank (percentile) of a specified value in a dataset. Learn more
Statistical
PERCENTRANK.EXC PERCENTRANK.EXC(data, value, [significant_digits]) Returns the percentage rank (percentile) from 0 to 1 exclusive of a specified value in a dataset.  Learn more
Statistical
PERCENTRANK.INC PERCENTRANK.INC(data, value, [significant_digits]) Returns the percentage rank (percentile) from 0 to 1 inclusive of a specified value in a dataset. Learn more
Statistical
PERMUTATIONA PERMUTATIONA(number, number_chosen) Returns the number of permutations for selecting a group of objects (with replacement) from a total number of objects.  Learn more .
Statistical
PERMUT PERMUT(n, k) Returns the number of ways to choose some number of objects from a pool of a given size of objects, considering order. Learn more
Statistical
PHI PHI(x) The PHI function returns the value of the normal distribution with mean 0 and standard deviation 1. Learn more .
Statistical
POISSON POISSON(x, mean, cumulative) See  POISSON.DIST
Statistical
POISSON.DIST POISSON.DIST(x, mean, [cumulative]) Returns the value of the Poisson distribution function (or Poisson cumulative distribution function) for a specified value and mean. Learn more
Statistical
PROB PROB(data, probabilities, low_limit, [high_limit]) Given a set of values and corresponding probabilities, calculates the probability that a value chosen at random falls between two limits. Learn more
Statistical
QUARTILE QUARTILE(data, quartile_number) Returns a value nearest to a specified quartile of a dataset. Learn more
Statistical
QUARTILE.EXC QUARTILE.EXC(data, quartile_number) Returns value nearest to a given quartile of a dataset, exclusive of 0 and 4.  Learn more .
Statistical
QUARTILE.INC QUARTILE.INC(data, quartile_number) See QUARTILE
Statistical
RANK RANK(value, data, [is_ascending]) Returns the rank of a specified value in a dataset. Learn more
Statistical
RANK.AVG RANK.AVG(value, data, [is_ascending]) Returns the rank of a specified value in a dataset. If there is more than one entry of the same value in the dataset, the average rank of the entries will be returned. Learn more
Statistical
RANK.EQ RANK.EQ(value, data, [is_ascending]) Returns the rank of a specified value in a dataset. If there is more than one entry of the same value in the dataset, the top rank of the entries will be returned. Learn more
Statistical
RSQ RSQ(data_y, data_x) Calculates the square of r, the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient of a dataset. Learn more
Statistical
SKEW SKEW(value1, value2) Calculates the skewness of a dataset, which describes the symmetry of that dataset about the mean. Learn more
Statistical
SKEW.P SKEW.P(value1, value2) Calculates the skewness of a dataset that represents the entire population.  Learn more .
Statistical
SLOPE SLOPE(data_y, data_x) Calculates the slope of the line resulting from linear regression of a dataset. Learn more
Statistical
SMALL SMALL(data, n) Returns the nth smallest element from a data set, where n is user-defined. Learn more
Statistical
STANDARDIZE STANDARDIZE(value, mean, standard_deviation) Calculates the normalized equivalent of a random variable given mean and standard deviation of the distribution. Learn more
Statistical
STDEV STDEV(value1, [value2, ...]) Calculates the standard deviation based on a sample. Learn more
Statistical
STDEV.P STDEV.P(value1, [value2, ...]) See STDEVP
Statistical
STDEV.S STDEV.S(value1, [value2, ...]) See STDEV
Statistical
STDEVA STDEVA(value1, value2) Calculates the standard deviation based on a sample, setting text to the value `0`. Learn more
Statistical
STDEVP STDEVP(value1, value2) Calculates the standard deviation based on an entire population. Learn more
Statistical
STDEVPA STDEVPA(value1, value2) Calculates the standard deviation based on an entire population, setting text to the value `0`. Learn more
Statistical
STEYX STEYX(data_y, data_x) Calculates the standard error of the predicted y-value for each x in the regression of a dataset. Learn more
Statistical
T.DIST T.DIST(x, degrees_freedom, cumulative) Returns the right tailed Student distribution for a value x.  Learn more .
Statistical
T.DIST.2T T.DIST.2T(x, degrees_freedom) Returns the two tailed Student distribution for a value x.  Learn more .
Statistical
T.DIST.RT T.DIST.RT(x, degrees_freedom) Returns the right tailed Student distribution for a value x.  Learn more .
Statistical
T.INV T.INV(probability, degrees_freedom) Calculates the negative inverse of the one-tailed TDIST function. Learn more
Statistical
T.INV.2T T.INV.2T(probability, degrees_freedom) Calculates the inverse of the two-tailed TDIST function. Learn more
Statistical
T.TEST T.TEST(range1, range2, tails, type) Returns the probability associated with Student's t-test. Determines whether two samples are likely to have come from the same two underlying populations that have the same mean. Learn more
Statistical
TDIST TDIST(x, degrees_freedom, tails) Calculates the probability for Student's t-distribution with a given input (x). Learn more
Statistical
TINV TINV(probability, degrees_freedom) See T.INV.2T
Statistical
TRIMMEAN TRIMMEAN(data, exclude_proportion) Calculates the mean of a dataset excluding some proportion of data from the high and low ends of the dataset. Learn more
Statistical
TTEST TTEST(range1, range2, tails, type) See  T.TEST .
Statistical
VAR VAR(value1, [value2, ...]) Calculates the variance based on a sample. Learn more
Statistical
VAR.P VAR.P(value1, [value2, ...]) See VARP
Statistical
VAR.S VAR.S(value1, [value2, ...]) See VAR
Statistical
VARA VARA(value1, value2) Calculates an estimate of variance based on a sample, setting text to the value `0`. Learn more
Statistical
VARP VARP(value1, value2) Calculates the variance based on an entire population. Learn more
Statistical
VARPA VARPA(value1, value2,...) Calculates the variance based on an entire population, setting text to the value `0`. Learn more
Statistical
WEIBULL WEIBULL(x, shape, scale, cumulative) Returns the value of the Weibull distribution function (or Weibull cumulative distribution function) for a specified shape and scale. Learn more
Statistical
WEIBULL.DIST WEIBULL.DIST(x, shape, scale, cumulative) See WEIBULL
Statistical
Z.TEST Z.TEST(data, value, [standard_deviation]) Returns the one-tailed P-value of a Z-test with standard distribution. Learn more
Statistical
ZTEST ZTEST(data, value, [standard_deviation]) See  Z.TEST .
Text
ARABIC ARABIC(roman_numeral) Computes the value of a Roman numeral. Learn more
Text
ASC ASC(text) Converts full-width ASCII and katakana characters to their half-width counterparts. All standard-width characters will remain unchanged. Learn more.
Text
CHAR CHAR(table_number) Convert a number into a character according to the current Unicode table. Learn more
Text
CLEAN CLEAN(text) Returns the text with the non-printable ASCII characters removed. Learn more
Text
CODE CODE(string) Returns the numeric Unicode map value of the first character in the string provided.  Learn more
Text
CONCATENATE CONCATENATE(string1, [string2, ...]) Appends strings to one another. Learn more
Text
DOLLAR DOLLAR(number, [number_of_places]) Formats a number into the locale-specific currency format. Learn more
Text
EXACT EXACT(string1, string2) Tests whether two strings are identical. Learn more
Text
FIND FIND(search_for, text_to_search, [starting_at]) Returns the position at which a string is first found within text. Learn more
Text
FINDB FINDB(search_for, text_to_search, [starting_at]) Returns the position at which a string is first found within text counting each double-character as 2. Learn more
Text
FIXED FIXED(number, [number_of_places], [suppress_separator]) Formats a number with a fixed number of decimal places. Learn more
Text
JOIN JOIN(delimiter, value_or_array1, [value_or_array2, ...]) Concatenates the elements of one or more one-dimensional arrays using a specified delimiter. Learn more
Text
LEFT LEFT(string, [number_of_characters]) Returns a substring from the beginning of a specified string. Learn more
Text
LEFTB LEFTB(string, num_of_bytes) Returns the left portion of a string up to a certain number of bytes.  Learn more .
Text
LEN LEN(text) Returns the length of a string. Learn more
Text
LENB LENB(string) Returns the length of a string in bytes."  Learn more .
Text
LOWER LOWER(text) Converts a specified string to lowercase. Learn more
Text
MID MID(string, starting_at, extract_length) Returns a segment of a string. Learn more
Text
MIDB MIDB(string) Returns a section of a string starting at a given character and up to a specified number of bytes.  Learn more .
Text
PROPER PROPER(text_to_capitalize) Capitalizes each word in a specified string. Learn more
Text
REGEXEXTRACT REGEXEXTRACT(text, regular_expression) Extracts matching substrings according to a regular expression. Learn more
Text
REGEXMATCH REGEXMATCH(text, regular_expression) Whether a piece of text matches a regular expression. Learn more
Text
REGEXREPLACE REGEXREPLACE(text, regular_expression, replacement) Replaces part of a text string with a different text string using regular expressions. Learn more
Text
REPLACE REPLACE(text, position, length, new_text) Replaces part of a text string with a different text string. Learn more
Text
REPLACEB REPLACEB(text, position, num_bytes, new_text) Replaces part of a text string, based on a number of bytes, with a different text string.  Learn more .
Text
REPT REPT(text_to_repeat, number_of_repetitions) Returns specified text repeated a number of times. Learn more
Text
RIGHT RIGHT(string, [number_of_characters]) Returns a substring from the end of a specified string. Learn more
Text
RIGHTB RIGHTB(string, num_of_bytes) Returns the right portion of a string up to a certain number of bytes.  Learn more .
Text
ROMAN ROMAN(number, [rule_relaxation]) Formats a number in Roman numerals. Learn more
Text
SEARCH SEARCH(search_for, text_to_search, [starting_at]) Returns the position at which a string is first found within text. Learn more
Text
SEARCHB SEARCHB(search_for, text_to_search, [starting_at]) Returns the position at which a string is first found within text counting each double-character as 2. Learn more
Text
SPLIT SPLIT(text, delimiter, [split_by_each], [remove_empty_text]) Divides text around a specified character or string, and puts each fragment into a separate cell in the row. Learn more
Text
SUBSTITUTE SUBSTITUTE(text_to_search, search_for, replace_with, [occurrence_number]) Replaces existing text with new text in a string. Learn more
Text
T T(value) Returns string arguments as text. Learn more
Text
TEXT TEXT(number, format) Converts a number into text according to a specified format. Learn more
Text
TEXTJOIN TEXTJOIN(delimiter, ignore_empty, text1, [text2], …) Combines the text from multiple strings and/or arrays, with a specifiable delimiter separating the different texts. Learn more.
Text
TRIM TRIM(text) Removes leading and trailing spaces in a specified string. Learn more
Text
UNICHAR UNICHAR(number) Returns the Unicode character for a number.  Learn more .
Text
UNICODE UNICODE(text) Returns the decimal Unicode value of the first character of the text. Learn more.
Text
UPPER UPPER(text) Converts a specified string to uppercase. Learn more
Text
VALUE VALUE(text) Converts a string in any of the date, time or number formats that Google Sheets understands into a number. Learn more
Database
DAVERAGE DAVERAGE(database, field, criteria) Returns the average of a set of values selected from a database table-like array or range using a SQL-like query. Learn more
Database
DCOUNT DCOUNT(database, field, criteria) Counts numeric values selected from a database table-like array or range using a SQL-like query. Learn more
Database
DCOUNTA DCOUNTA(database, field, criteria) Counts values, including text, selected from a database table-like array or range using a SQL-like query. Learn more
Database
DGET DGET(database, field, criteria) Returns a single value from a database table-like array or range using a SQL-like query. Learn more
Database
DMAX DMAX(database, field, criteria) Returns the maximum value selected from a database table-like array or range using a SQL-like query. Learn more
Database
DMIN DMIN(database, field, criteria) Returns the minimum value selected from a database table-like array or range using a SQL-like query. Learn more
Database
DPRODUCT DPRODUCT(database, field, criteria) Returns the product of values selected from a database table-like array or range using a SQL-like query. Learn more
Database
DSTDEV DSTDEV(database, field, criteria) Returns the standard deviation of a population sample selected from a database table-like array or range using a SQL-like query. Learn more
Database
DSTDEVP DSTDEVP(database, field, criteria) Returns the standard deviation of an entire population selected from a database table-like array or range using a SQL-like query. Learn more
Database
DSUM DSUM(database, field, criteria) Returns the sum of values selected from a database table-like array or range using a SQL-like query.  Learn more
Database
DVAR DVAR(database, field, criteria) Returns the variance of a population sample selected from a database table-like array or range using a SQL-like query. Learn more
Database
DVARP DVARP(database, field, criteria) Returns the variance of an entire population selected from a database table-like array or range using a SQL-like query. Learn more
Parser
CONVERT CONVERT(value, start_unit, end_unit) Converts a numeric value to a different unit of measure. Learn more
Parser
TO_DATE TO_DATE(value) Converts a provided number to a date. Learn more
Parser
TO_DOLLARS TO_DOLLARS(value) Converts a provided number to a dollar value. Learn more
Parser
TO_PERCENT TO_PERCENT(value) Converts a provided number to a percentage. Learn more
Parser
TO_PURE_NUMBER TO_PURE_NUMBER(value) Converts a provided date/time, percentage, currency or other formatted numeric value to a pure number without formatting. Learn more
Parser
TO_TEXT TO_TEXT(value) Converts a provided numeric value to a text value. Learn more
Array
ARRAY_CONSTRAIN ARRAY_CONSTRAIN(input_range, num_rows, num_cols) Constrains an array result to a specified size. Learn more
Array
BYCOL BYCOL(array_or_range, LAMBDA) Groups an array by columns by application of a LAMBDA function to each column. Learn more
Array
BYROW BYROW(array_or_range, LAMBDA) Groups an array by rows by application of a LAMBDA function to each row. Learn more
Array
CHOOSECOLS CHOOSECOLS(array, col_num1, [col_num2])  Creates a new array from the selected columns in the existing range. Learn more
Array
CHOOSEROWS CHOOSEROWS(array, row_num1, [row_num2]) Creates a new array from the selected rows in the existing range. Learn more
Array
FLATTEN FLATTEN(range1,[range2,...]) Flattens all the values from one or more ranges into a single column. Learn more
Array
FREQUENCY FREQUENCY(data, classes) Calculates the frequency distribution of a one-column array into specified classes. Learn more
Array
GROWTH GROWTH(known_data_y, [known_data_x], [new_data_x], [b]) Given partial data about an exponential growth trend, fits an ideal exponential growth trend and/or predicts further values. Learn more
Array
HSTACK HSTACK(range1; [range2, …]) Appends ranges horizontally and in sequence to return a larger array.  Learn more
Array
LINEST LINEST(known_data_y, [known_data_x], [calculate_b], [verbose]) Given partial data about a linear trend, calculates various parameters about the ideal linear trend using the least-squares method. Learn more
Array
LOGEST LOGEST(known_data_y, [known_data_x], [b], [verbose]) Given partial data about an exponential growth curve, calculates various parameters about the best fit ideal exponential growth curve. Learn more
Array
MAKEARRAY MAKEARRAY(rows, columns, LAMBDA) Returns an array of specified dimensions with values calculated by application of a LAMBDA function. Learn more
Array
MAP MAP(array1, [array2, ...], LAMBDA) Maps each value in the given arrays to a new value by application of a LAMBDA function to each value. Learn more
Array
MDETERM MDETERM(square_matrix) Returns the matrix determinant of a square matrix specified as an array or range. Learn more
Array
MINVERSE MINVERSE(square_matrix) Returns the multiplicative inverse of a square matrix specified as an array or range. Learn more
Array
MMULT MMULT(matrix1, matrix2) Calculates the matrix product of two matrices specified as arrays or ranges. Learn more
Array
REDUCE REDUCE(initial_value, array_or_range, LAMBDA) Reduces an array to an accumulated result by application of a LAMBDA function to each value. Learn more
Array
SCAN SCAN(initial_value, array_or_range, LAMBDA) Scans an array and produces intermediate values by application of a LAMBDA function to each value. Returns an array of the intermediate values obtained at each step. Learn more
Array
SUMPRODUCT SUMPRODUCT(array1, [array2, ...]) Calculates the sum of the products of corresponding entries in two equal-sized arrays or ranges. Learn more
Array
SUMX2MY2 SUMX2MY2(array_x, array_y) Calculates the sum of the differences of the squares of values in two arrays. Learn more
Array
SUMX2PY2 SUMX2PY2(array_x, array_y) Calculates the sum of the sums of the squares of values in two arrays. Learn more
Array
SUMXMY2 SUMXMY2(array_x, array_y) Calculates the sum of the squares of differences of values in two arrays. Learn more
Array
TOCOL TOCOL(array_or_range, [ignore], [scan_by_column]) Transforms an array or range of cells into a single column. Learn more
Array
TOROW TOROW(array_or_range, [ignore], [scan_by_column]) Transforms an array or range of cells into a single row. Learn more
Array
TRANSPOSE TRANSPOSE(array_or_range) Transposes the rows and columns of an array or range of cells. Learn more
Array
TREND TREND(known_data_y, [known_data_x], [new_data_x], [b]) Given partial data about a linear trend, fits an ideal linear trend using the least squares method and/or predicts further values. Learn more
Array
VSTACK VSTACK(range1; [range2, …]) Appends ranges vertically and in sequence to return a larger array. Learn more
Array
WRAPCOLS WRAPCOLS(range, wrap_count, [pad_with]) Wraps the provided row or column of cells by columns after a specified number of elements to form a new array.  Learn more
Array
WRAPROWS WRAPROWS(range, wrap_count, [pad_with]) Wraps the provided row or column of cells by rows after a specified number of elements to form a new array.  Learn more
Web
ENCODEURL ENCODEURL(text) Encodes a string of text for the purpose of using in a URL query.  Learn more .
Web
HYPERLINK HYPERLINK(url, [link_label]) Creates a hyperlink inside a cell. Learn more
Web
IMPORTDATA IMPORTDATA(url) Imports data at a given url in .csv (comma-separated value) or .tsv (tab-separated value) format. Learn more
Web
IMPORTFEED IMPORTFEED(url, [query], [headers], [num_items]) Imports a RSS or ATOM feed. Learn more
Web
IMPORTHTML IMPORTHTML(url, query, index) Imports data from a table or list within an HTML page. Learn more
Web
IMPORTRANGE IMPORTRANGE(spreadsheet_url, range_string) Imports a range of cells from a specified spreadsheet. Learn more
Web
IMPORTXML IMPORTXML(url, xpath_query) Imports data from any of various structured data types including XML, HTML, CSV, TSV, and RSS and ATOM XML feeds. Learn more
Web
ISURL ISURL(value) Checks whether a value is a valid URL. Learn more
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