Unless otherwise configured, the client libraries useApplication Default Credentialsto authenticate with Google Cloud Services. While this works for most applications, in some cases you may need to override this default. You can do so by providing theUnifiedCredentialsOptionThe following example shows how to explicitly load a service account key file:
[](std::string const& keyfile) {
auto is = std::ifstream(keyfile);
is.exceptions(std::ios::badbit); // Minimal error handling in examples
auto contents = std::string(std::istreambuf_iterator<char>(is.rdbuf()), {});
auto options =
google::cloud::Options{}.set<google::cloud::UnifiedCredentialsOption>(
google::cloud::MakeServiceAccountCredentials(contents));
return google::cloud::optimization_v1::FleetRoutingClient(
google::cloud::optimization_v1::MakeFleetRoutingConnection(options));
}
[[["Easy to understand","easyToUnderstand","thumb-up"],["Solved my problem","solvedMyProblem","thumb-up"],["Other","otherUp","thumb-up"]],[["Hard to understand","hardToUnderstand","thumb-down"],["Incorrect information or sample code","incorrectInformationOrSampleCode","thumb-down"],["Missing the information/samples I need","missingTheInformationSamplesINeed","thumb-down"],["Other","otherDown","thumb-down"]],["Last updated 2025-09-04 UTC."],[[["\u003cp\u003eThis page provides documentation for overriding default authentication credentials in C++ client libraries when interacting with Google Cloud Services.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eThe latest version of the documentation is 2.37.0-rc, and a history of documentation versions from 2.11.0 to 2.36.0 is also available on the webpage.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eThe \u003ccode\u003eUnifiedCredentialsOption\u003c/code\u003e allows you to override the default Application Default Credentials (ADC), demonstrated using a service account key file example.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eFor further details and best practices regarding service account key management, the documentation references a guide to managing service account keys.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eThe documentation provides a link to the Authentication Components for more information on creating \u003ccode\u003egoogle::cloud::Credentials\u003c/code\u003e objects.\u003c/p\u003e\n"]]],[],null,["Version 2.30.0keyboard_arrow_down\n\n- [2.42.0-rc (latest)](/cpp/docs/reference/optimization/latest/optimization-override-authentication)\n- [2.41.0](/cpp/docs/reference/optimization/2.41.0/optimization-override-authentication)\n- [2.40.0](/cpp/docs/reference/optimization/2.40.0/optimization-override-authentication)\n- [2.39.0](/cpp/docs/reference/optimization/2.39.0/optimization-override-authentication)\n- [2.38.0](/cpp/docs/reference/optimization/2.38.0/optimization-override-authentication)\n- [2.37.0](/cpp/docs/reference/optimization/2.37.0/optimization-override-authentication)\n- [2.36.0](/cpp/docs/reference/optimization/2.36.0/optimization-override-authentication)\n- [2.35.0](/cpp/docs/reference/optimization/2.35.0/optimization-override-authentication)\n- [2.34.0](/cpp/docs/reference/optimization/2.34.0/optimization-override-authentication)\n- [2.33.0](/cpp/docs/reference/optimization/2.33.0/optimization-override-authentication)\n- [2.32.0](/cpp/docs/reference/optimization/2.32.0/optimization-override-authentication)\n- [2.31.0](/cpp/docs/reference/optimization/2.31.0/optimization-override-authentication)\n- [2.30.0](/cpp/docs/reference/optimization/2.30.0/optimization-override-authentication)\n- [2.29.0](/cpp/docs/reference/optimization/2.29.0/optimization-override-authentication)\n- [2.28.0](/cpp/docs/reference/optimization/2.28.0/optimization-override-authentication)\n- [2.27.0](/cpp/docs/reference/optimization/2.27.0/optimization-override-authentication)\n- [2.26.0](/cpp/docs/reference/optimization/2.26.0/optimization-override-authentication)\n- [2.25.1](/cpp/docs/reference/optimization/2.25.1/optimization-override-authentication)\n- [2.24.0](/cpp/docs/reference/optimization/2.24.0/optimization-override-authentication)\n- [2.23.0](/cpp/docs/reference/optimization/2.23.0/optimization-override-authentication)\n- [2.22.1](/cpp/docs/reference/optimization/2.22.1/optimization-override-authentication)\n- [2.21.0](/cpp/docs/reference/optimization/2.21.0/optimization-override-authentication)\n- [2.20.0](/cpp/docs/reference/optimization/2.20.0/optimization-override-authentication)\n- [2.19.0](/cpp/docs/reference/optimization/2.19.0/optimization-override-authentication)\n- [2.18.0](/cpp/docs/reference/optimization/2.18.0/optimization-override-authentication)\n- [2.17.0](/cpp/docs/reference/optimization/2.17.0/optimization-override-authentication)\n- [2.16.0](/cpp/docs/reference/optimization/2.16.0/optimization-override-authentication)\n- [2.15.1](/cpp/docs/reference/optimization/2.15.1/optimization-override-authentication)\n- [2.14.0](/cpp/docs/reference/optimization/2.14.0/optimization-override-authentication)\n- [2.13.0](/cpp/docs/reference/optimization/2.13.0/optimization-override-authentication)\n- [2.12.0](/cpp/docs/reference/optimization/2.12.0/optimization-override-authentication)\n- [2.11.0](/cpp/docs/reference/optimization/2.11.0/optimization-override-authentication) \n\nHow to Override the Authentication Credentials\n==============================================\n\nUnless otherwise configured, the client libraries use [Application Default Credentials](https://cloud.google.com/docs/authentication#adc) to authenticate with Google Cloud Services. While this works for most applications, in some cases you may need to override this default. You can do so by providing the [UnifiedCredentialsOption](https://cloud.google.com/cpp/docs/reference/common/latest/structgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1UnifiedCredentialsOption.html) The following example shows how to explicitly load a service account key file: \n\n [](std::string const& keyfile) {\n auto is = std::ifstream(keyfile);\n is.exceptions(std::ios::badbit); // Minimal error handling in examples\n auto contents = std::string(std::istreambuf_iterator\u003cchar\u003e(is.rdbuf()), {});\n auto options =\n google::cloud::Options{}.set\u003cgoogle::cloud::UnifiedCredentialsOption\u003e(\n google::cloud::MakeServiceAccountCredentials(contents));\n return google::cloud::optimization_v1::FleetRoutingClient(\n google::cloud::optimization_v1::MakeFleetRoutingConnection(options));\n }\n\nKeep in mind that we chose this as an example because it is relatively easy to understand. Consult the [Best practices for managing service account keys](https://cloud.google.com/iam/docs/best-practices-for-managing-service-account-keys) guide for more details.\n\n###### See Also\n\n[Authentication Components](https://cloud.google.com/cpp/docs/reference/common/latest/group__guac.html) - for more information on the factory functions to create [`google::cloud::Credentials`](https://cloud.google.com/cpp/docs/reference/common/latest/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1Credentials.html) objects."]]