Refactor code for concurrent requests

In the Content API for Shopping, a batch request could have multiple entries, and each entry can be any method (insert, update, delete, or custom) defined on the resource.

Merchant API does not offer custom batch methods. Instead, you can arrange parallel execution of individual requests.

With the client library

The following example shows asynchronous calls (or batching in Content API for Shopping) for product insertion. You can apply this example to other resources and sub-APIs (such as inventories, accounts, and so on). We have also provided code samples covering all examples.

If using the client library, consider this Content API for Shopping code.

  package 
  
 shopping.content.v2_1.samples.products 
 ; 
 import 
  
 com.google.api.services.content.model.ProductsCustomBatchResponse 
 ; 
 import 
  
 java.io.IOException 
 ; 
 import 
  
 shopping.content.v2_1.samples.ContentSample 
 ; 
 /** Sample that shows batching product inserts. */ 
 public 
  
 class 
 ProductsBatchInsertSample 
  
 extends 
  
 ContentSample 
  
 { 
  
 public 
  
 ProductsBatchInsertSample 
 ( 
 String 
 [] 
  
 args 
 ) 
  
 throws 
  
 IOException 
  
 { 
  
 super 
 ( 
 args 
 ); 
  
 } 
  
 @Override 
  
 public 
  
 void 
  
 execute 
 () 
  
 throws 
  
 IOException 
  
 { 
  
 checkNonMCA 
 (); 
  
 ProductsCustomBatchResponse 
  
 batchResponse 
  
 = 
  
 content 
 . 
 products 
 (). 
 custombatch 
 ( 
 ExampleProductFactory 
 . 
 createBatch 
 ( 
 config 
 , 
  
 "book" 
 )). 
 execute 
 (); 
  
 ProductUtils 
 . 
 printProductBatchResults 
 ( 
 batchResponse 
 ); 
  
 } 
  
 public 
  
 static 
  
 void 
  
 main 
 ( 
 String 
 [] 
  
 args 
 ) 
  
 throws 
  
 IOException 
  
 { 
  
 new 
  
 ProductsBatchInsertSample 
 ( 
 args 
 ). 
 execute 
 (); 
  
 } 
 } 
  
 

Write the Merchant API equivalent as follows.

Java

  // Copyright 2024 Google LLC 
 // 
 // Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); 
 // you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. 
 // You may obtain a copy of the License at 
 // 
 //     https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 
 // 
 // Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software 
 // distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, 
 // WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. 
 // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and 
 // limitations under the License. 
 package 
  
 shopping.merchant.samples.products.v1 
 ; 
 import 
  
 com.google.api.core.ApiFuture 
 ; 
 import 
  
 com.google.api.core.ApiFutureCallback 
 ; 
 import 
  
 com.google.api.core.ApiFutures 
 ; 
 import 
  
 com.google.api.gax.core.FixedCredentialsProvider 
 ; 
 import 
  
 com.google.auth.oauth2.GoogleCredentials 
 ; 
 import 
  
 com.google.common.util.concurrent.MoreExecutors 
 ; 
 import 
  
 com.google.shopping.merchant.products.v1.Availability 
 ; 
 import 
  
 com.google.shopping.merchant.products.v1.Condition 
 ; 
 import 
  
 com.google.shopping.merchant.products.v1.InsertProductInputRequest 
 ; 
 import 
  
 com.google.shopping.merchant.products.v1.ProductAttributes 
 ; 
 import 
  
 com.google.shopping.merchant.products.v1.ProductInput 
 ; 
 import 
  
 com.google.shopping.merchant.products.v1.ProductInputsServiceClient 
 ; 
 import 
  
 com.google.shopping.merchant.products.v1.ProductInputsServiceSettings 
 ; 
 import 
  
 com.google.shopping.merchant.products.v1.Shipping 
 ; 
 import 
  
 com.google.shopping.type.Price 
 ; 
 import 
  
 java.util.ArrayList 
 ; 
 import 
  
 java.util.List 
 ; 
 import 
  
 java.util.Random 
 ; 
 import 
  
 java.util.stream.Collectors 
 ; 
 import 
  
 shopping.merchant.samples.utils.Authenticator 
 ; 
 import 
  
 shopping.merchant.samples.utils.Config 
 ; 
 /** This class demonstrates how to insert a product input */ 
 public 
  
 class 
 InsertProductInputAsyncSample 
  
 { 
  
 private 
  
 static 
  
 String 
  
 getParent 
 ( 
 String 
  
 accountId 
 ) 
  
 { 
  
 return 
  
 String 
 . 
 format 
 ( 
 "accounts/%s" 
 , 
  
 accountId 
 ); 
  
 } 
  
 private 
  
 static 
  
 String 
  
 generateRandomString 
 () 
  
 { 
  
 String 
  
 characters 
  
 = 
  
 "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789" 
 ; 
  
 Random 
  
 random 
  
 = 
  
 new 
  
 Random 
 (); 
  
 StringBuilder 
  
 sb 
  
 = 
  
 new 
  
 StringBuilder 
 ( 
 8 
 ); 
  
 for 
  
 ( 
 int 
  
 i 
  
 = 
  
 0 
 ; 
  
 i 
 < 
 8 
 ; 
  
 i 
 ++ 
 ) 
  
 { 
  
 sb 
 . 
 append 
 ( 
 characters 
 . 
 charAt 
 ( 
 random 
 . 
 nextInt 
 ( 
 characters 
 . 
 length 
 ()))); 
  
 } 
  
 return 
  
 sb 
 . 
 toString 
 (); 
  
 } 
  
 private 
  
 static 
  
 ProductInput 
  
 createRandomProduct 
 () 
  
 { 
  
 Price 
  
 price 
  
 = 
  
 Price 
 . 
 newBuilder 
 (). 
 setAmountMicros 
 ( 
 33_450_000 
 ). 
 setCurrencyCode 
 ( 
 "USD" 
 ). 
 build 
 (); 
  
 Shipping 
  
 shipping 
  
 = 
  
 Shipping 
 . 
 newBuilder 
 (). 
 setPrice 
 ( 
 price 
 ). 
 setCountry 
 ( 
 "GB" 
 ). 
 setService 
 ( 
 "1st class post" 
 ). 
 build 
 (); 
  
 Shipping 
  
 shipping2 
  
 = 
  
 Shipping 
 . 
 newBuilder 
 (). 
 setPrice 
 ( 
 price 
 ). 
 setCountry 
 ( 
 "FR" 
 ). 
 setService 
 ( 
 "1st class post" 
 ). 
 build 
 (); 
  
 ProductAttributes 
  
 attributes 
  
 = 
  
 ProductAttributes 
 . 
 newBuilder 
 () 
  
 . 
 setTitle 
 ( 
 "A Tale of Two Cities" 
 ) 
  
 . 
 setDescription 
 ( 
 "A classic novel about the French Revolution" 
 ) 
  
 . 
 setLink 
 ( 
 "https://exampleWebsite.com/tale-of-two-cities.html" 
 ) 
  
 . 
 setImageLink 
 ( 
 "https://exampleWebsite.com/tale-of-two-cities.jpg" 
 ) 
  
 . 
 setAvailability 
 ( 
 Availability 
 . 
 IN_STOCK 
 ) 
  
 . 
 setCondition 
 ( 
 Condition 
 . 
 NEW 
 ) 
  
 . 
 setGoogleProductCategory 
 ( 
 "Media > Books" 
 ) 
  
 . 
 addGtins 
 ( 
 "9780007350896" 
 ) 
  
 . 
 addShipping 
 ( 
 shipping 
 ) 
  
 . 
 addShipping 
 ( 
 shipping2 
 ) 
  
 . 
 build 
 (); 
  
 return 
  
 ProductInput 
 . 
 newBuilder 
 () 
  
 . 
 setContentLanguage 
 ( 
 "en" 
 ) 
  
 . 
 setFeedLabel 
 ( 
 "CH" 
 ) 
  
 . 
 setOfferId 
 ( 
 generateRandomString 
 ()) 
  
 . 
 setProductAttributes 
 ( 
 attributes 
 ) 
  
 . 
 build 
 (); 
  
 } 
  
 public 
  
 static 
  
 void 
  
 asyncInsertProductInput 
 ( 
 Config 
  
 config 
 , 
  
 String 
  
 dataSource 
 ) 
  
 throws 
  
 Exception 
  
 { 
  
 // Obtains OAuth token based on the user's configuration. 
  
 GoogleCredentials 
  
 credential 
  
 = 
  
 new 
  
 Authenticator 
 (). 
 authenticate 
 (); 
  
 // Creates service settings using the credentials retrieved above. 
  
 ProductInputsServiceSettings 
  
 productInputsServiceSettings 
  
 = 
  
 ProductInputsServiceSettings 
 . 
 newBuilder 
 () 
  
 . 
 setCredentialsProvider 
 ( 
 FixedCredentialsProvider 
 . 
 create 
 ( 
 credential 
 )) 
  
 . 
 build 
 (); 
  
 // Creates parent to identify where to insert the product. 
  
 String 
  
 parent 
  
 = 
  
 getParent 
 ( 
 config 
 . 
 getAccountId 
 (). 
 toString 
 ()); 
  
 // Calls the API and catches and prints any network failures/errors. 
  
 try 
  
 ( 
 ProductInputsServiceClient 
  
 productInputsServiceClient 
  
 = 
  
 ProductInputsServiceClient 
 . 
 create 
 ( 
 productInputsServiceSettings 
 )) 
  
 { 
  
 // Creates five insert product input requests with random product IDs. 
  
 List<InsertProductInputRequest> 
  
 requests 
  
 = 
  
 new 
  
 ArrayList 
<> ( 
 5 
 ); 
  
 for 
  
 ( 
 int 
  
 i 
  
 = 
  
 0 
 ; 
  
 i 
 < 
 5 
 ; 
  
 i 
 ++ 
 ) 
  
 { 
  
 InsertProductInputRequest 
  
 request 
  
 = 
  
 InsertProductInputRequest 
 . 
 newBuilder 
 () 
  
 . 
 setParent 
 ( 
 parent 
 ) 
  
 // You can only insert products into datasource types of Input "API", and of Type 
  
 // "Primary" or "Supplemental." 
  
 // This field takes the `name` field of the datasource. 
  
 . 
 setDataSource 
 ( 
 dataSource 
 ) 
  
 // If this product is already owned by another datasource, when re-inserting, the 
  
 // new datasource will take ownership of the product. 
  
 . 
 setProductInput 
 ( 
 createRandomProduct 
 ()) 
  
 . 
 build 
 (); 
  
 requests 
 . 
 add 
 ( 
 request 
 ); 
  
 } 
  
 System 
 . 
 out 
 . 
 println 
 ( 
 "Sending insert product input requests" 
 ); 
  
 List<ApiFuture<ProductInput> 
>  
 futures 
  
 = 
  
 requests 
 . 
 stream 
 () 
  
 . 
 map 
 ( 
  
 request 
  
 - 
>  
 productInputsServiceClient 
 . 
 insertProductInputCallable 
 (). 
 futureCall 
 ( 
 request 
 )) 
  
 . 
 collect 
 ( 
 Collectors 
 . 
 toList 
 ()); 
  
 // Creates callback to handle the responses when all are ready. 
  
 ApiFuture<List<ProductInput> 
>  
 responses 
  
 = 
  
 ApiFutures 
 . 
 allAsList 
 ( 
 futures 
 ); 
  
 ApiFutures 
 . 
 addCallback 
 ( 
  
 responses 
 , 
  
 new 
  
 ApiFutureCallback<List<ProductInput> 
> () 
  
 { 
  
 @Override 
  
 public 
  
 void 
  
 onSuccess 
 ( 
 List<ProductInput> 
  
 results 
 ) 
  
 { 
  
 System 
 . 
 out 
 . 
 println 
 ( 
 "Inserted products below" 
 ); 
  
 System 
 . 
 out 
 . 
 println 
 ( 
 results 
 ); 
  
 } 
  
 @Override 
  
 public 
  
 void 
  
 onFailure 
 ( 
 Throwable 
  
 throwable 
 ) 
  
 { 
  
 System 
 . 
 out 
 . 
 println 
 ( 
 throwable 
 ); 
  
 } 
  
 }, 
  
 MoreExecutors 
 . 
 directExecutor 
 ()); 
  
 } 
  
 catch 
  
 ( 
 Exception 
  
 e 
 ) 
  
 { 
  
 System 
 . 
 out 
 . 
 println 
 ( 
 e 
 ); 
  
 } 
  
 } 
  
 public 
  
 static 
  
 void 
  
 main 
 ( 
 String 
 [] 
  
 args 
 ) 
  
 throws 
  
 Exception 
  
 { 
  
 Config 
  
 config 
  
 = 
  
 Config 
 . 
 load 
 (); 
  
 // Identifies the data source that will own the product input. 
  
 String 
  
 dataSource 
  
 = 
  
 "accounts/" 
  
 + 
  
 config 
 . 
 getAccountId 
 () 
  
 + 
  
 "/dataSources/{datasourceId}" 
 ; 
  
 asyncInsertProductInput 
 ( 
 config 
 , 
  
 dataSource 
 ); 
  
 } 
 } 
  
 

Node.js

  // Copyright 2025 Google LLC 
 // 
 // Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); 
 // you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. 
 // You may obtain a copy of the License at 
 // 
 //     https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 
 // 
 // Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software 
 // distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, 
 // WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. 
 // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and 
 // limitations under the License. 
 'use strict' 
 ; 
 const 
  
 fs 
  
 = 
  
 require 
 ( 
 'fs' 
 ); 
 const 
  
 authUtils 
  
 = 
  
 require 
 ( 
 '../../authentication/authenticate.js' 
 ); 
 const 
  
 { 
  
 ProductInputsServiceClient 
 , 
 } 
  
 = 
  
 require 
 ( 
 '@google-shopping/products' 
 ). 
 v1 
 ; 
 const 
  
 { 
  
 protos 
 , 
 } 
  
 = 
  
 require 
 ( 
 '@google-shopping/products' 
 ); 
 const 
  
 Availability 
  
 = 
  
 protos 
 . 
 google 
 . 
 shopping 
 . 
 merchant 
 . 
 products 
 . 
 v1 
 . 
 Availability 
 ; 
 const 
  
 Condition 
  
 = 
  
 protos 
 . 
 google 
 . 
 shopping 
 . 
 merchant 
 . 
 products 
 . 
 v1 
 . 
 Condition 
 ; 
 /** 
 * This class demonstrates how to insert a product input asynchronously. 
 */ 
 /** 
 * Helper function to generate a random string for offerId 
 * @returns {string} A sample offerId. 
 */ 
 function 
  
 generateRandomString 
 () 
  
 { 
  
 const 
  
 characters 
  
 = 
  
 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789' 
 ; 
  
 let 
  
 result 
  
 = 
  
 '' 
 ; 
  
 const 
  
 length 
  
 = 
  
 8 
 ; 
  
 for 
  
 ( 
 let 
  
 i 
  
 = 
  
 0 
 ; 
  
 i 
 < 
 length 
 ; 
  
 i 
 ++ 
 ) 
  
 { 
  
 result 
  
 += 
  
 characters 
 . 
 charAt 
 ( 
 Math 
 . 
 floor 
 ( 
 Math 
 . 
 random 
 () 
  
 * 
  
 characters 
 . 
 length 
 )); 
  
 } 
  
 return 
  
 result 
 ; 
 } 
 /** 
 * Helper function to create a sample ProductInput object 
 * @returns {!object} A sample ProductInput object. 
 */ 
 function 
  
 createRandomProduct 
 () 
  
 { 
  
 const 
  
 shippingPrice 
  
 = 
  
 { 
  
 amountMicros 
 : 
  
 3000000 
 , 
  
 // 3 USD 
  
 currencyCode 
 : 
  
 'USD' 
 , 
  
 }; 
  
 const 
  
 price 
  
 = 
  
 { 
  
 amountMicros 
 : 
  
 33450000 
 , 
  
 // 33.45 USD 
  
 currency_code 
 : 
  
 'USD' 
 , 
  
 }; 
  
 const 
  
 shipping 
  
 = 
  
 { 
  
 price 
 : 
  
 shippingPrice 
 , 
  
 country 
 : 
  
 'GB' 
 , 
  
 service 
 : 
  
 '1st class post' 
 , 
  
 }; 
  
 const 
  
 shipping2 
  
 = 
  
 { 
  
 price 
 : 
  
 shippingPrice 
 , 
  
 country 
 : 
  
 'FR' 
 , 
  
 service 
 : 
  
 '1st class post' 
 , 
  
 }; 
  
 const 
  
 attributes 
  
 = 
  
 { 
  
 title 
 : 
  
 'A Tale of Two Cities' 
 , 
  
 description 
 : 
  
 'A classic novel about the French Revolution' 
 , 
  
 link 
 : 
  
 'https://exampleWebsite.com/tale-of-two-cities.html' 
 , 
  
 image_link 
 : 
  
 'https://exampleWebsite.com/tale-of-two-cities.jpg' 
 , 
  
 availability 
 : 
  
 Availability 
 . 
 IN_STOCK 
 , 
  
 condition 
 : 
  
 Condition 
 . 
 NEW 
 , 
  
 google_product_category 
 : 
  
 'Media > Books' 
 , 
  
 gtins 
 : 
  
 [ 
 '9780007350896' 
 ], 
  
 shipping 
 : 
  
 [ 
 shipping 
 , 
  
 shipping2 
 ], 
  
 price 
 : 
  
 price 
 , 
  
 }; 
  
 // Construct the ProductInput object 
  
 const 
  
 productInput 
  
 = 
  
 { 
  
 contentLanguage 
 : 
  
 'en' 
 , 
  
 feedLabel 
 : 
  
 'CH' 
 , 
  
 offerId 
 : 
  
 generateRandomString 
 (), 
  
 productAttributes 
 : 
  
 attributes 
 , 
  
 }; 
  
 return 
  
 productInput 
 ; 
 } 
 /** 
 * Inserts multiple product inputs asynchronously. 
 * @param {!object} config - Configuration object. 
 * @param {string} dataSource - The data source name. 
 */ 
 async 
  
 function 
  
 asyncInsertProductInput 
 ( 
 config 
 , 
  
 dataSource 
 ) 
  
 { 
  
 // Read merchant_id from the configuration file. 
  
 const 
  
 merchantInfo 
  
 = 
  
 JSON 
 . 
 parse 
 ( 
  
 fs 
 . 
 readFileSync 
 ( 
 config 
 . 
 merchantInfoFile 
 , 
  
 'utf8' 
 ) 
  
 ); 
  
 const 
  
 merchantId 
  
 = 
  
 merchantInfo 
 . 
 merchantId 
 ; 
  
 // Construct the parent resource name string. 
  
 const 
  
 parent 
  
 = 
  
 `accounts/ 
 ${ 
 merchantId 
 } 
 ` 
 ; 
  
 // Get OAuth2 credentials. 
  
 const 
  
 authClient 
  
 = 
  
 await 
  
 authUtils 
 . 
 getOrGenerateUserCredentials 
 (); 
  
 // Create client options with authentication. 
  
 const 
  
 options 
  
 = 
  
 { 
 authClient 
 : 
  
 authClient 
 }; 
  
 // Create the ProductInputsServiceClient. 
  
 const 
  
 productInputsServiceClient 
  
 = 
  
 new 
  
 ProductInputsServiceClient 
 ( 
 options 
 ); 
  
 // Create five insert product input requests with random product details. 
  
 const 
  
 requests 
  
 = 
  
 []; 
  
 for 
  
 ( 
 let 
  
 i 
  
 = 
  
 0 
 ; 
  
 i 
 < 
 5 
 ; 
  
 i 
 ++ 
 ) 
  
 { 
  
 const 
  
 request 
  
 = 
  
 { 
  
 parent 
 : 
  
 parent 
 , 
  
 // You can only insert products into datasource types of Input "API" and "FILE", and 
  
 // of Type "Primary" or "Supplemental." 
  
 // This field takes the `name` field of the datasource, e.g., 
  
 // accounts/123/dataSources/456 
  
 dataSource 
 : 
  
 dataSource 
 , 
  
 // If this product is already owned by another datasource, when re-inserting, the 
  
 // new datasource will take ownership of the product. 
  
 productInput 
 : 
  
 createRandomProduct 
 (), 
  
 }; 
  
 requests 
 . 
 push 
 ( 
 request 
 ); 
  
 } 
  
 console 
 . 
 log 
 ( 
 'Sending insert product input requests...' 
 ); 
  
 // Create an array of promises by calling the insertProductInput method for each request. 
  
 const 
  
 insertPromises 
  
 = 
  
 requests 
 . 
 map 
 ( 
 request 
  
 = 
>  
 productInputsServiceClient 
 . 
 insertProductInput 
 ( 
 request 
 ) 
  
 ); 
  
 // Wait for all insert operations to complete. 
  
 // Promise.all returns an array of results, where each result is the response 
  
 // from the corresponding insertProductInput call (which is the inserted ProductInput). 
  
 // The response from insertProductInput is an array where the first element is the ProductInput. 
  
 const 
  
 results 
  
 = 
  
 await 
  
 Promise 
 . 
 all 
 ( 
 insertPromises 
 ); 
  
 const 
  
 insertedProducts 
  
 = 
  
 results 
 . 
 map 
 ( 
 result 
  
 = 
>  
 result 
 [ 
 0 
 ]); 
  
 // Extract ProductInput from each response array 
  
 console 
 . 
 log 
 ( 
 'Inserted products below:' 
 ); 
  
 console 
 . 
 log 
 ( 
 JSON 
 . 
 stringify 
 ( 
 insertedProducts 
 , 
  
 null 
 , 
  
 2 
 )); 
 } 
 /** 
 * Main function to call the async insert product input method. 
 */ 
 async 
  
 function 
  
 main 
 () 
  
 { 
  
 // Get configuration settings. 
  
 const 
  
 config 
  
 = 
  
 authUtils 
 . 
 getConfig 
 (); 
  
 // Define the data source ID. Replace {datasourceId} with your actual data source ID. 
  
 // The format is accounts/{account_id}/dataSources/{datasource_id}. 
  
 const 
  
 merchantInfo 
  
 = 
  
 JSON 
 . 
 parse 
 ( 
  
 fs 
 . 
 readFileSync 
 ( 
 config 
 . 
 merchantInfoFile 
 , 
  
 'utf8' 
 ) 
  
 ); 
  
 const 
  
 merchantId 
  
 = 
  
 merchantInfo 
 . 
 merchantId 
 ; 
  
 const 
  
 dataSource 
  
 = 
  
 `accounts/ 
 ${ 
 merchantId 
 } 
 /dataSources/{datasourceId}` 
 ; 
  
 // Replace {datasourceId} 
  
 try 
  
 { 
  
 await 
  
 asyncInsertProductInput 
 ( 
 config 
 , 
  
 dataSource 
 ); 
  
 } 
  
 catch 
  
 ( 
 error 
 ) 
  
 { 
  
 console 
 . 
 error 
 ( 
 `An error occurred: 
 ${ 
 error 
 . 
 message 
  
 || 
  
 error 
 } 
 ` 
 ); 
  
 // Log details if available (e.g., for gRPC errors) 
  
 if 
  
 ( 
 error 
 . 
 details 
 ) 
  
 { 
  
 console 
 . 
 error 
 ( 
 `Details: 
 ${ 
 error 
 . 
 details 
 } 
 ` 
 ); 
  
 } 
  
 } 
 } 
 main 
 (); 
  
 

PHP

 < ?php 
 /** 
 * Copyright 2025 Google LLC 
 * 
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); 
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. 
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at 
 * 
 * https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 
 * 
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software 
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, 
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. 
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and 
 * limitations under the License. 
 */ 
 require_once __DIR__ . '/../../../vendor/autoload.php'; 
 require_once __DIR__ . '/../../Authentication/Authentication.php'; 
 require_once __DIR__ . '/../../Authentication/Config.php'; 
 use Google\ApiCore\ApiException; 
 use Google\Shopping\Merchant\Products\V1\Availability; 
 use Google\Shopping\Merchant\Products\V1\Condition; 
 use Google\Shopping\Merchant\Products\V1\ProductAttributes; 
 use Google\Shopping\Merchant\Products\V1\InsertProductInputRequest; 
 use Google\Shopping\Merchant\Products\V1\ProductInput; 
 use Google\Shopping\Merchant\Products\V1\Client\ProductInputsServiceClient; 
 use Google\Shopping\Merchant\Products\V1\Shipping; 
 use Google\Shopping\Type\Price; 
 use React\EventLoop\Loop; 
 use React\Promise\Promise; 
 use function React\Promise\all; 
 /** 
 * This class demonstrates how to insert multiple product inputs asynchronously. 
 */ 
 class InsertProductInputAsyncSample 
 { 
 /** 
 * A helper function to create the parent string for product input operations. 
 * 
 * @param string $accountId The Merchant Center account ID. 
 * @return string The parent resource name format: `accounts/{account_id}`. 
 */ 
 private static function getParent(string $accountId): string 
 { 
 return sprintf("accounts/%s", $accountId); 
 } 
 /** 
 * Generates a random string of 8 characters. 
 * 
 * @return string A random alphanumeric string. 
 */ 
 private static function generateRandomString(): string 
 { 
 $characters = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789'; 
 $randomString = ''; 
 $charactersLength = strlen($characters); 
 for ($i = 0; $i < 8; $i++) { 
 $randomString .= $characters[random_int(0, $charactersLength - 1)]; 
 } 
 return $randomString; 
 } 
 /** 
 * Creates a ProductInput object with randomized offer ID and sample attributes. 
 * 
 * @return ProductInput A new ProductInput object. 
 */ 
 private static function createRandomProduct(): ProductInput 
 { 
 // Create a price object for shipping. Amount is in micros. 
 // e.g., 33,450,000 micros = $33.45 USD 
 $price = new Price([ 
 'amount_micros' => 33450000, 
 'currency_code' => 'USD' 
 ]); 
 // Create shipping details. 
 $shipping = new Shipping([ 
 'price' => $price, 
 'country' => 'GB', 
 'service' => '1st class post' 
 ]); 
 $shipping2 = new Shipping([ 
 'price' => $price, 
 'country' => 'FR', 
 'service' => '1st class post' 
 ]); 
 // Create product attributes. 
 $attributes = new ProductAttributes([ 
 'title' => 'A Tale of Two Cities', 
 'description' => 'A classic novel about the French Revolution', 
 'link' => 'https://exampleWebsite.com/tale-of-two-cities.html', 
 'image_link' => 'https://exampleWebsite.com/tale-of-two-cities.jpg', 
 'availability' => Availability::IN_STOCK, 
 'condition' => Condition::PBNEW, 
 'google_product_category' => 'Media > Books', 
 'gtins' => ['9780007350896'], 
 'shipping' => [$shipping, $shipping2] 
 ]); 
 // Create the product input object. 
 return new ProductInput([ 
 'content_language' => 'en', 
 'feed_label' => 'LABEL', 
 'offer_id' => self::generateRandomString(), // Random offer ID for uniqueness 
 'product_attributes' => $attributes 
 ]); 
 } 
 /** 
 * Inserts multiple product inputs into the specified account and data source asynchronously. 
 * 
 * @param array $config Authentication and account configuration. 
 * @param string $dataSource The target data source name. 
 * Format: `accounts/{account}/dataSources/{datasource}`. 
 * @return void 
 */ 
 public static function insertProductInputAsyncSample(array $config, string $dataSource): void 
 { 
 // Fetches OAuth2 credentials for making API calls. 
 $credentials = Authentication::useServiceAccountOrTokenFile(); 
 // Prepares client options with the fetched credentials. 
 $options = ['credentials' => $credentials]; 
 // Initializes the ProductInputsServiceAsyncClient. 
 // This is the key for asynchronous operations. 
 $productInputsServiceAsyncClient = new ProductInputsServiceClient($options); 
 // Constructs the parent resource string. 
 $parent = self::getParent($config['accountId']); 
 $promises = []; 
 $insertedProductInputs = []; 
 print "Sending insert product input requests asynchronously...\n"; 
 // Create and send 5 insert product input requests asynchronously. 
 for ($i = 0; $i < 5; $i++) { 
 $productInput = self::createRandomProduct(); 
 // Create the request object. 
 $request = new InsertProductInputRequest([ 
 'parent' => $parent, 
 'data_source' => $dataSource, 
 'product_input' => $productInput 
 ]); 
 // Make the asynchronous API call. This returns a Promise. 
 $promise = $productInputsServiceAsyncClient->insertProductInputAsync($request); 
 // Attach success and error handlers to the promise. 
 $promise->then( 
 function (ProductInput $response) use (&$insertedProductInputs) { 
 // This callback is executed when the promise resolves (success). 
 $insertedProductInputs[] = $response; 
 print "Successfully inserted product with offer ID: " . $response->getOfferId() . "\n"; 
 }, 
 function (ApiException $e) { 
 // This callback is executed if the promise rejects (failure). 
 echo "ApiException occurred for one of the requests:\n"; 
 echo $e; 
 } 
 ); 
 $promises[] = $promise; 
 } 
 // Wait for all promises to settle (either resolve or reject). 
 // Reduce::all() creates a single promise that resolves when all input promises resolve. 
 // If any promise rejects, the combined promise will reject. 
 all($promises)->then( 
 function () use (&$insertedProductInputs) { 
 print "All asynchronous requests have completed.\n"; 
 // Print details of all successfully inserted products. 
 print "Inserted products below\n"; 
 foreach ($insertedProductInputs as $p) { 
 print_r($p); 
 } 
 }, 
 function ($reason) { 
 // This block is executed if any promise in the array rejects. 
 echo "One or more asynchronous requests failed.\n"; 
 if ($reason instanceof ApiException) { 
 echo "API Exception: " . $reason->getMessage() . "\n"; 
 } else { 
 echo "Error: " . $reason . "\n"; 
 } 
 } 
 )->always(function () use ($productInputsServiceAsyncClient) { 
 // This 'always' callback ensures the client is closed after all promises settle. 
 $productInputsServiceAsyncClient->close(); 
 }); 
 // Run the event loop. This is crucial for asynchronous operations to execute. 
 // The script will block here until all promises are resolved/rejected or the loop is stopped. 
 Loop::run(); 
 } 
 /** 
 * Executes the sample code to insert multiple product inputs. 
 * 
 * @return void 
 */ 
 public function callSample(): void 
 { 
 $config = Config::generateConfig(); 
 // Define the data source that will own the product inputs. 
 // IMPORTANT: Replace `<DATA_SOURCE_ID>` with your actual data source ID. 
 $dataSourceId = '<DATA_SOURCE_ID>'; 
 $dataSourceName = sprintf( 
 "accounts/%s/dataSources/%s", 
 $config['accountId'], $dataSourceId 
 ); 
 // Call the method to insert multiple product inputs asynchronously. 
 self::insertProductInputAsyncSample($config, $dataSourceName); 
 } 
 } 
 $sample = new InsertProductInputAsyncSample(); 
 $sample->callSample(); 
  
 

Python

  # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- 
 # Copyright 2025 Google LLC 
 # 
 # Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); 
 # you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. 
 # You may obtain a copy of the License at 
 # 
 #     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 
 # 
 # Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software 
 # distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, 
 # WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. 
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and 
 # limitations under the License. 
 """A module to insert product inputs asynchronously.""" 
 import 
  
 asyncio 
 import 
  
 functools 
 import 
  
 random 
 import 
  
 string 
 from 
  
 examples.authentication 
  
 import 
 configuration 
 from 
  
 examples.authentication 
  
 import 
 generate_user_credentials 
 from 
  
 google.shopping.merchant_products_v1 
  
 import 
 Availability 
 from 
  
 google.shopping.merchant_products_v1 
  
 import 
 Condition 
 from 
  
 google.shopping.merchant_products_v1 
  
 import 
 InsertProductInputRequest 
 from 
  
 google.shopping.merchant_products_v1 
  
 import 
 ProductAttributes 
 from 
  
 google.shopping.merchant_products_v1 
  
 import 
 ProductInput 
 from 
  
 google.shopping.merchant_products_v1 
  
 import 
 ProductInputsServiceAsyncClient 
 from 
  
 google.shopping.merchant_products_v1 
  
 import 
 Shipping 
 from 
  
 google.shopping.type 
  
 import 
 Price 
 # Read merchant account information from the configuration file. 
 _ACCOUNT_ID 
 = 
 configuration 
 . 
 Configuration 
 () 
 . 
 read_merchant_info 
 () 
 # The parent account for the product input. 
 # Format: accounts/{account} 
 _PARENT 
 = 
 f 
 "accounts/ 
 { 
 _ACCOUNT_ID 
 } 
 " 
 def 
  
 _generate_random_string 
 ( 
 length 
 : 
 int 
 = 
 8 
 ) 
 - 
> str 
 : 
  
 """Generates a random string of a given length.""" 
 characters 
 = 
 string 
 . 
 ascii_letters 
 + 
 string 
 . 
 digits 
 return 
 "" 
 . 
 join 
 ( 
 random 
 . 
 choice 
 ( 
 characters 
 ) 
 for 
 _ 
 in 
 range 
 ( 
 length 
 )) 
 def 
  
 _create_random_product 
 () 
 - 
> ProductInput 
 : 
  
 """Creates a ProductInput with random elements and predefined attributes.""" 
 price 
 = 
 Price 
 ( 
 amount_micros 
 = 
 33450000 
 , 
 currency_code 
 = 
 "USD" 
 ) 
 shipping1 
 = 
 Shipping 
 ( 
 price 
 = 
 price 
 , 
 country 
 = 
 "GB" 
 , 
 service 
 = 
 "1st class post" 
 ) 
 shipping2 
 = 
 Shipping 
 ( 
 price 
 = 
 price 
 , 
 country 
 = 
 "FR" 
 , 
 service 
 = 
 "1st class post" 
 ) 
 attributes 
 = 
 ProductAttributes 
 ( 
 title 
 = 
 "Async - A Tale of Two Cities" 
 , 
 description 
 = 
 "A classic novel about the French Revolution" 
 , 
 link 
 = 
 "https://exampleWebsite.com/tale-of-two-cities.html" 
 , 
 image_link 
 = 
 "https://exampleWebsite.com/tale-of-two-cities.jpg" 
 , 
 availability 
 = 
 Availability 
 . 
 IN_STOCK 
 , 
 condition 
 = 
 Condition 
 . 
 NEW 
 , 
 google_product_category 
 = 
 "Media > Books" 
 , 
 gtins 
 = 
 [ 
 "9780007350896" 
 ], 
 shipping 
 = 
 [ 
 shipping1 
 , 
 shipping2 
 ], 
 ) 
 return 
 ProductInput 
 ( 
 content_language 
 = 
 "en" 
 , 
 feed_label 
 = 
 "US" 
 , 
 offer_id 
 = 
 _generate_random_string 
 (), 
 product_attributes 
 = 
 attributes 
 , 
 ) 
 def 
  
 print_product_input 
 ( 
 i 
 , 
 task 
 ): 
 print 
 ( 
 "Inserted ProductInput number: " 
 , 
 i 
 ) 
 # task.result() contains the response from async_insert_product_input 
 print 
 ( 
 task 
 . 
 result 
 ()) 
 async 
 def 
  
 async_insert_product_input 
 ( 
 client 
 : 
 ProductInputsServiceAsyncClient 
 , 
 request 
 : 
 InsertProductInputRequest 
 ): 
  
 """Inserts product inputs. 
 Args: 
 client: The ProductInputsServiceAsyncClient to use. 
 request: The InsertProductInputRequest to send. 
 Returns: 
 The response from the insert_produc_input request. 
 """ 
 print 
 ( 
 "Sending insert product input requests" 
 ) 
 try 
 : 
 response 
 = 
 await 
 client 
 . 
 insert_product_input 
 ( 
 request 
 = 
 request 
 ) 
 # The response is an async corouting inserting the ProductInput. 
 return 
 response 
 except 
 RuntimeError 
 as 
 e 
 : 
 # Catch and print any exceptions that occur during the API calls. 
 print 
 ( 
 e 
 ) 
 async 
 def 
  
 main 
 (): 
 # The ID of the data source that will own the product input. 
 # This is a placeholder and should be replaced with an actual data source ID. 
 datasource_id 
 = 
 "<INSERT_DATA_SOURCE_ID_HERE>" 
 data_source_name 
 = 
 f 
 "accounts/ 
 { 
 _ACCOUNT_ID 
 } 
 /dataSources/ 
 { 
 datasource_id 
 } 
 " 
 # Gets OAuth Credentials. 
 credentials 
 = 
 generate_user_credentials 
 . 
 main 
 () 
 # Creates a ProductInputsServiceClient. 
 client 
 = 
 ProductInputsServiceAsyncClient 
 ( 
 credentials 
 = 
 credentials 
 ) 
 tasks 
 = 
 [] 
 for 
 i 
 in 
 range 
 ( 
 5 
 ): 
 product_input 
 = 
 _create_random_product 
 () 
 request 
 = 
 InsertProductInputRequest 
 ( 
 parent 
 = 
 _PARENT 
 , 
 data_source 
 = 
 data_source_name 
 , 
 product_input 
 = 
 product_input 
 , 
 ) 
 # Create the async task 
 insert_product_task 
 = 
 asyncio 
 . 
 create_task 
 ( 
 async_insert_product_input 
 ( 
 client 
 , 
 request 
 ) 
 ) 
 # Add the callback 
 callback_function 
 = 
 functools 
 . 
 partial 
 ( 
 print_product_input 
 , 
 i 
 ) 
 insert_product_task 
 . 
 add_done_callback 
 ( 
 callback_function 
 ) 
 # Add the task to our list 
 tasks 
 . 
 append 
 ( 
 insert_product_task 
 ) 
 # Await all tasks to complete concurrently 
 # The print_product_input callback will be called for each as it finishes 
 await 
 asyncio 
 . 
 gather 
 ( 
 * 
 tasks 
 ) 
 if 
 __name__ 
 == 
 "__main__" 
 : 
 asyncio 
 . 
 run 
 ( 
 main 
 ()) 
  
 

Without the client library

If you aren't using the client library, accomplish batching as explained at Send multiple requests at once .

For example, replace a Content API for Shopping request like the following:

  POST 
  
 h 
 tt 
 ps 
 : 
 //shoppingcontent.googleapis.com/content/v2.1/products/batch 
 { 
  
 "entries" 
 : 
  
 [ 
  
 { 
  
 "method" 
 : 
  
 "insert" 
 , 
  
 "product" 
 : 
  
 { 
  
  
  
 } 
  
 } 
  
  
  
 ] 
 } 
 

with this Write a batch request example.

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