A number of environment variables can be used to configure the behavior of the library. There are also functions to configure this behavior in code. The environment variables are convenient when troubleshooting problems.
Endpoint Overrides
GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_SQL_BACKUP_RUNS_SERVICE_ENDPOINT=...overrides theEndpointOption(which defaults to "sqladmin.googleapis.com") used byMakeSqlBackupRunsServiceConnection().
GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_SQL_CONNECT_SERVICE_ENDPOINT=...overrides theEndpointOption(which defaults to "sqladmin.googleapis.com") used byMakeSqlConnectServiceConnection().
GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_SQL_DATABASES_SERVICE_ENDPOINT=...overrides theEndpointOption(which defaults to "sqladmin.googleapis.com") used byMakeSqlDatabasesServiceConnection().
GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_SQL_FLAGS_SERVICE_ENDPOINT=...overrides theEndpointOption(which defaults to "sqladmin.googleapis.com") used byMakeSqlFlagsServiceConnection().
GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_SQL_INSTANCES_SERVICE_ENDPOINT=...overrides theEndpointOption(which defaults to "sqladmin.googleapis.com") used byMakeSqlInstancesServiceConnection().
GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_SQL_OPERATIONS_SERVICE_ENDPOINT=...overrides theEndpointOption(which defaults to "sqladmin.googleapis.com") used byMakeSqlOperationsServiceConnection().
GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_SQL_SSL_CERTS_SERVICE_ENDPOINT=...overrides theEndpointOption(which defaults to "sqladmin.googleapis.com") used byMakeSqlSslCertsServiceConnection().
GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_SQL_TIERS_SERVICE_ENDPOINT=...overrides theEndpointOption(which defaults to "sqladmin.googleapis.com") used byMakeSqlTiersServiceConnection().
GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_SQL_USERS_SERVICE_ENDPOINT=...overrides theEndpointOption(which defaults to "sqladmin.googleapis.com") used byMakeSqlUsersServiceConnection().
GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_ENABLE_TRACING=rpc: turns on tracing for most gRPC calls. The library injects an additional Stub decorator that prints each gRPC request and response. Unless you have configured your own logging backend, you should also setGOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_ENABLE_CLOGto produce any output on the program's console.
See Also
google::cloud::TracingComponentsOptionGOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_TRACING_OPTIONS=...: modifies the behavior of gRPC tracing, including whether messages will be output on multiple lines, or whether string/bytes fields will be truncated.
See Also
google::cloud::GrpcTracingOptionsOptionGOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_ENABLE_CLOG=yes: turns on logging in the library, basically the library always "logs" but the logging infrastructure has no backend to actually print anything until the application sets a backend or they set this environment variable.
[[["Easy to understand","easyToUnderstand","thumb-up"],["Solved my problem","solvedMyProblem","thumb-up"],["Other","otherUp","thumb-up"]],[["Hard to understand","hardToUnderstand","thumb-down"],["Incorrect information or sample code","incorrectInformationOrSampleCode","thumb-down"],["Missing the information/samples I need","missingTheInformationSamplesINeed","thumb-down"],["Other","otherDown","thumb-down"]],["Last updated 2025-09-04 UTC."],[[["\u003cp\u003eThis document outlines environment variables and settings for configuring the behavior of the C++ SQL library, including multiple endpoint overrides.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eThe document lists available versions of the C++ SQL library, ranging from version 2.11.0 up to the latest release candidate, 2.37.0-rc.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eEnvironment variables such as \u003ccode\u003eGOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_ENABLE_TRACING\u003c/code\u003e and \u003ccode\u003eGOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_ENABLE_CLOG\u003c/code\u003e can be used to enable detailed tracing and logging within the library for debugging.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eEndpoint override variables such as \u003ccode\u003eGOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_SQL_USERS_SERVICE_ENDPOINT\u003c/code\u003e can be used to override default connection endpoints.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003e\u003ccode\u003eGOOGLE_CLOUD_PROJECT\u003c/code\u003e can be used in examples and tests to configure which GCP project is being targeted, but does not affect the library itself.\u003c/p\u003e\n"]]],[],null,["Version 2.17.0keyboard_arrow_down\n\n- [2.42.0-rc (latest)](/cpp/docs/reference/sql/latest/sql-env)\n- [2.41.0](/cpp/docs/reference/sql/2.41.0/sql-env)\n- [2.40.0](/cpp/docs/reference/sql/2.40.0/sql-env)\n- [2.39.0](/cpp/docs/reference/sql/2.39.0/sql-env)\n- [2.38.0](/cpp/docs/reference/sql/2.38.0/sql-env)\n- [2.37.0](/cpp/docs/reference/sql/2.37.0/sql-env)\n- [2.36.0](/cpp/docs/reference/sql/2.36.0/sql-env)\n- [2.35.0](/cpp/docs/reference/sql/2.35.0/sql-env)\n- [2.34.0](/cpp/docs/reference/sql/2.34.0/sql-env)\n- [2.33.0](/cpp/docs/reference/sql/2.33.0/sql-env)\n- [2.32.0](/cpp/docs/reference/sql/2.32.0/sql-env)\n- [2.31.0](/cpp/docs/reference/sql/2.31.0/sql-env)\n- [2.30.0](/cpp/docs/reference/sql/2.30.0/sql-env)\n- [2.29.0](/cpp/docs/reference/sql/2.29.0/sql-env)\n- [2.28.0](/cpp/docs/reference/sql/2.28.0/sql-env)\n- [2.27.0](/cpp/docs/reference/sql/2.27.0/sql-env)\n- [2.26.0](/cpp/docs/reference/sql/2.26.0/sql-env)\n- [2.25.1](/cpp/docs/reference/sql/2.25.1/sql-env)\n- [2.24.0](/cpp/docs/reference/sql/2.24.0/sql-env)\n- [2.23.0](/cpp/docs/reference/sql/2.23.0/sql-env)\n- [2.22.1](/cpp/docs/reference/sql/2.22.1/sql-env)\n- [2.21.0](/cpp/docs/reference/sql/2.21.0/sql-env)\n- [2.20.0](/cpp/docs/reference/sql/2.20.0/sql-env)\n- [2.19.0](/cpp/docs/reference/sql/2.19.0/sql-env)\n- [2.18.0](/cpp/docs/reference/sql/2.18.0/sql-env)\n- [2.17.0](/cpp/docs/reference/sql/2.17.0/sql-env)\n- [2.16.0](/cpp/docs/reference/sql/2.16.0/sql-env)\n- [2.15.1](/cpp/docs/reference/sql/2.15.1/sql-env)\n- [2.14.0](/cpp/docs/reference/sql/2.14.0/sql-env)\n- [2.13.0](/cpp/docs/reference/sql/2.13.0/sql-env)\n- [2.12.0](/cpp/docs/reference/sql/2.12.0/sql-env)\n- [2.11.0](/cpp/docs/reference/sql/2.11.0/sql-env) \n\nEnvironment Variables\n=====================\n\nA number of environment variables can be used to configure the behavior of the library. There are also functions to configure this behavior in code. The environment variables are convenient when troubleshooting problems.\n\nEndpoint Overrides\n------------------\n\n- `GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_SQL_BACKUP_RUNS_SERVICE_ENDPOINT=...` overrides the `EndpointOption` (which defaults to \"sqladmin.googleapis.com\") used by `MakeSqlBackupRunsServiceConnection()`.\n- `GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_SQL_CONNECT_SERVICE_ENDPOINT=...` overrides the `EndpointOption` (which defaults to \"sqladmin.googleapis.com\") used by `MakeSqlConnectServiceConnection()`.\n- `GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_SQL_DATABASES_SERVICE_ENDPOINT=...` overrides the `EndpointOption` (which defaults to \"sqladmin.googleapis.com\") used by `MakeSqlDatabasesServiceConnection()`.\n- `GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_SQL_FLAGS_SERVICE_ENDPOINT=...` overrides the `EndpointOption` (which defaults to \"sqladmin.googleapis.com\") used by `MakeSqlFlagsServiceConnection()`.\n- `GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_SQL_INSTANCES_SERVICE_ENDPOINT=...` overrides the `EndpointOption` (which defaults to \"sqladmin.googleapis.com\") used by `MakeSqlInstancesServiceConnection()`.\n- `GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_SQL_OPERATIONS_SERVICE_ENDPOINT=...` overrides the `EndpointOption` (which defaults to \"sqladmin.googleapis.com\") used by `MakeSqlOperationsServiceConnection()`.\n- `GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_SQL_SSL_CERTS_SERVICE_ENDPOINT=...` overrides the `EndpointOption` (which defaults to \"sqladmin.googleapis.com\") used by `MakeSqlSslCertsServiceConnection()`.\n- `GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_SQL_TIERS_SERVICE_ENDPOINT=...` overrides the `EndpointOption` (which defaults to \"sqladmin.googleapis.com\") used by `MakeSqlTiersServiceConnection()`.\n- `GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_SQL_USERS_SERVICE_ENDPOINT=...` overrides the `EndpointOption` (which defaults to \"sqladmin.googleapis.com\") used by `MakeSqlUsersServiceConnection()`.\n\n###### See Also\n\n[`google::cloud::EndpointOption`](https://cloud.google.com/cpp/docs/reference/common/latest/structgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1EndpointOption.html)\n\nLogging\n-------\n\n`GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_ENABLE_TRACING=rpc`: turns on tracing for most gRPC calls. The library injects an additional Stub decorator that prints each gRPC request and response. Unless you have configured your own logging backend, you should also set `GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_ENABLE_CLOG` to produce any output on the program's console.\n\n###### See Also\n\n[`google::cloud::TracingComponentsOption`](https://cloud.google.com/cpp/docs/reference/common/latest/structgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1TracingComponentsOption.html)`GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_TRACING_OPTIONS=...`: modifies the behavior of gRPC tracing, including whether messages will be output on multiple lines, or whether string/bytes fields will be truncated.\n\n###### See Also\n\n[`google::cloud::GrpcTracingOptionsOption`](https://cloud.google.com/cpp/docs/reference/common/latest/structgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1GrpcTracingOptionsOption.html)`GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_ENABLE_CLOG=yes`: turns on logging in the library, basically the library always \"logs\" but the logging infrastructure has no backend to actually print anything until the application sets a backend or they set this environment variable.\n\n###### See Also\n\n[`google::cloud::LogBackend`](https://cloud.google.com/cpp/docs/reference/common/latest/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1LogBackend.html)\n\n###### See Also\n\n[`google::cloud::LogSink`](https://cloud.google.com/cpp/docs/reference/common/latest/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1LogSink.html)\n\nSetting the Default Project\n---------------------------\n\n`GOOGLE_CLOUD_PROJECT=...`: is used in examples and integration tests to configure the GCP project. This has no effect in the library."]]
