A number of environment variables can be used to configure the behavior of the library. There are also functions to configure this behavior in code. The environment variables are convenient when troubleshooting problems.
Endpoint Overrides
GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_SQL_BACKUP_RUNS_SERVICE_ENDPOINT=...overrides theEndpointOption(which defaults to "sqladmin.googleapis.com") used byMakeSqlBackupRunsServiceConnection().
GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_SQL_CONNECT_SERVICE_ENDPOINT=...overrides theEndpointOption(which defaults to "sqladmin.googleapis.com") used byMakeSqlConnectServiceConnection().
GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_SQL_DATABASES_SERVICE_ENDPOINT=...overrides theEndpointOption(which defaults to "sqladmin.googleapis.com") used byMakeSqlDatabasesServiceConnection().
GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_SQL_FLAGS_SERVICE_ENDPOINT=...overrides theEndpointOption(which defaults to "sqladmin.googleapis.com") used byMakeSqlFlagsServiceConnection().
GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_SQL_INSTANCES_SERVICE_ENDPOINT=...overrides theEndpointOption(which defaults to "sqladmin.googleapis.com") used byMakeSqlInstancesServiceConnection().
GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_SQL_OPERATIONS_SERVICE_ENDPOINT=...overrides theEndpointOption(which defaults to "sqladmin.googleapis.com") used byMakeSqlOperationsServiceConnection().
GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_SQL_SSL_CERTS_SERVICE_ENDPOINT=...overrides theEndpointOption(which defaults to "sqladmin.googleapis.com") used byMakeSqlSslCertsServiceConnection().
GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_SQL_TIERS_SERVICE_ENDPOINT=...overrides theEndpointOption(which defaults to "sqladmin.googleapis.com") used byMakeSqlTiersServiceConnection().
GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_SQL_USERS_SERVICE_ENDPOINT=...overrides theEndpointOption(which defaults to "sqladmin.googleapis.com") used byMakeSqlUsersServiceConnection().
GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_ENABLE_TRACING=rpc: turns on tracing for most gRPC calls. The library injects an additional Stub decorator that prints each gRPC request and response. Unless you have configured your own logging backend, you should also setGOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_ENABLE_CLOGto produce any output on the program's console.
See Also
google::cloud::TracingComponentsOptionGOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_TRACING_OPTIONS=...: modifies the behavior of gRPC tracing, including whether messages will be output on multiple lines, or whether string/bytes fields will be truncated.
See Also
google::cloud::GrpcTracingOptionsOptionGOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_ENABLE_CLOG=yes: turns on logging in the library, basically the library always "logs" but the logging infrastructure has no backend to actually print anything until the application sets a backend or they set this environment variable.
[[["Easy to understand","easyToUnderstand","thumb-up"],["Solved my problem","solvedMyProblem","thumb-up"],["Other","otherUp","thumb-up"]],[["Hard to understand","hardToUnderstand","thumb-down"],["Incorrect information or sample code","incorrectInformationOrSampleCode","thumb-down"],["Missing the information/samples I need","missingTheInformationSamplesINeed","thumb-down"],["Other","otherDown","thumb-down"]],["Last updated 2025-09-04 UTC."],[[["\u003cp\u003eThis document lists various versions of the SQL environment, starting from version 2.21.0 up to the latest release candidate 2.37.0-rc, with hyperlinks to each version's specific documentation.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eThe document details how to override default endpoints for different SQL services using environment variables such as \u003ccode\u003eGOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_SQL_BACKUP_RUNS_SERVICE_ENDPOINT\u003c/code\u003e and others, allowing customization of service connections.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eEnvironment variables like \u003ccode\u003eGOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_ENABLE_TRACING\u003c/code\u003e and \u003ccode\u003eGOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_ENABLE_CLOG\u003c/code\u003e can be used to enable gRPC call tracing and logging within the library for troubleshooting and debugging purposes.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eThe environment variable \u003ccode\u003eGOOGLE_CLOUD_PROJECT\u003c/code\u003e can be used to define the default GCP project, however, it will only have an effect in the tests and examples provided.\u003c/p\u003e\n"]]],[],null,["Version 2.21.0keyboard_arrow_down\n\n- [2.42.0-rc (latest)](/cpp/docs/reference/sql/latest/sql-env)\n- [2.41.0](/cpp/docs/reference/sql/2.41.0/sql-env)\n- [2.40.0](/cpp/docs/reference/sql/2.40.0/sql-env)\n- [2.39.0](/cpp/docs/reference/sql/2.39.0/sql-env)\n- [2.38.0](/cpp/docs/reference/sql/2.38.0/sql-env)\n- [2.37.0](/cpp/docs/reference/sql/2.37.0/sql-env)\n- [2.36.0](/cpp/docs/reference/sql/2.36.0/sql-env)\n- [2.35.0](/cpp/docs/reference/sql/2.35.0/sql-env)\n- [2.34.0](/cpp/docs/reference/sql/2.34.0/sql-env)\n- [2.33.0](/cpp/docs/reference/sql/2.33.0/sql-env)\n- [2.32.0](/cpp/docs/reference/sql/2.32.0/sql-env)\n- [2.31.0](/cpp/docs/reference/sql/2.31.0/sql-env)\n- [2.30.0](/cpp/docs/reference/sql/2.30.0/sql-env)\n- [2.29.0](/cpp/docs/reference/sql/2.29.0/sql-env)\n- [2.28.0](/cpp/docs/reference/sql/2.28.0/sql-env)\n- [2.27.0](/cpp/docs/reference/sql/2.27.0/sql-env)\n- [2.26.0](/cpp/docs/reference/sql/2.26.0/sql-env)\n- [2.25.1](/cpp/docs/reference/sql/2.25.1/sql-env)\n- [2.24.0](/cpp/docs/reference/sql/2.24.0/sql-env)\n- [2.23.0](/cpp/docs/reference/sql/2.23.0/sql-env)\n- [2.22.1](/cpp/docs/reference/sql/2.22.1/sql-env)\n- [2.21.0](/cpp/docs/reference/sql/2.21.0/sql-env)\n- [2.20.0](/cpp/docs/reference/sql/2.20.0/sql-env)\n- [2.19.0](/cpp/docs/reference/sql/2.19.0/sql-env)\n- [2.18.0](/cpp/docs/reference/sql/2.18.0/sql-env)\n- [2.17.0](/cpp/docs/reference/sql/2.17.0/sql-env)\n- [2.16.0](/cpp/docs/reference/sql/2.16.0/sql-env)\n- [2.15.1](/cpp/docs/reference/sql/2.15.1/sql-env)\n- [2.14.0](/cpp/docs/reference/sql/2.14.0/sql-env)\n- [2.13.0](/cpp/docs/reference/sql/2.13.0/sql-env)\n- [2.12.0](/cpp/docs/reference/sql/2.12.0/sql-env)\n- [2.11.0](/cpp/docs/reference/sql/2.11.0/sql-env) \n\nEnvironment Variables\n=====================\n\nA number of environment variables can be used to configure the behavior of the library. There are also functions to configure this behavior in code. The environment variables are convenient when troubleshooting problems.\n\nEndpoint Overrides\n------------------\n\n- `GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_SQL_BACKUP_RUNS_SERVICE_ENDPOINT=...` overrides the `EndpointOption` (which defaults to \"sqladmin.googleapis.com\") used by `MakeSqlBackupRunsServiceConnection()`.\n- `GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_SQL_CONNECT_SERVICE_ENDPOINT=...` overrides the `EndpointOption` (which defaults to \"sqladmin.googleapis.com\") used by `MakeSqlConnectServiceConnection()`.\n- `GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_SQL_DATABASES_SERVICE_ENDPOINT=...` overrides the `EndpointOption` (which defaults to \"sqladmin.googleapis.com\") used by `MakeSqlDatabasesServiceConnection()`.\n- `GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_SQL_FLAGS_SERVICE_ENDPOINT=...` overrides the `EndpointOption` (which defaults to \"sqladmin.googleapis.com\") used by `MakeSqlFlagsServiceConnection()`.\n- `GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_SQL_INSTANCES_SERVICE_ENDPOINT=...` overrides the `EndpointOption` (which defaults to \"sqladmin.googleapis.com\") used by `MakeSqlInstancesServiceConnection()`.\n- `GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_SQL_OPERATIONS_SERVICE_ENDPOINT=...` overrides the `EndpointOption` (which defaults to \"sqladmin.googleapis.com\") used by `MakeSqlOperationsServiceConnection()`.\n- `GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_SQL_SSL_CERTS_SERVICE_ENDPOINT=...` overrides the `EndpointOption` (which defaults to \"sqladmin.googleapis.com\") used by `MakeSqlSslCertsServiceConnection()`.\n- `GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_SQL_TIERS_SERVICE_ENDPOINT=...` overrides the `EndpointOption` (which defaults to \"sqladmin.googleapis.com\") used by `MakeSqlTiersServiceConnection()`.\n- `GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_SQL_USERS_SERVICE_ENDPOINT=...` overrides the `EndpointOption` (which defaults to \"sqladmin.googleapis.com\") used by `MakeSqlUsersServiceConnection()`.\n\n###### See Also\n\n[`google::cloud::EndpointOption`](https://cloud.google.com/cpp/docs/reference/common/latest/structgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1EndpointOption.html)\n\nLogging\n-------\n\n`GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_ENABLE_TRACING=rpc`: turns on tracing for most gRPC calls. The library injects an additional Stub decorator that prints each gRPC request and response. Unless you have configured your own logging backend, you should also set `GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_ENABLE_CLOG` to produce any output on the program's console.\n\n###### See Also\n\n[`google::cloud::TracingComponentsOption`](https://cloud.google.com/cpp/docs/reference/common/latest/structgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1TracingComponentsOption.html)`GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_TRACING_OPTIONS=...`: modifies the behavior of gRPC tracing, including whether messages will be output on multiple lines, or whether string/bytes fields will be truncated.\n\n###### See Also\n\n[`google::cloud::GrpcTracingOptionsOption`](https://cloud.google.com/cpp/docs/reference/common/latest/structgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1GrpcTracingOptionsOption.html)`GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_ENABLE_CLOG=yes`: turns on logging in the library, basically the library always \"logs\" but the logging infrastructure has no backend to actually print anything until the application sets a backend or they set this environment variable.\n\n###### See Also\n\n[`google::cloud::LogBackend`](https://cloud.google.com/cpp/docs/reference/common/latest/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1LogBackend.html)\n\n###### See Also\n\n[`google::cloud::LogSink`](https://cloud.google.com/cpp/docs/reference/common/latest/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1LogSink.html)\n\nSetting the Default Project\n---------------------------\n\n`GOOGLE_CLOUD_PROJECT=...`: is used in examples and integration tests to configure the GCP project. This has no effect in the library."]]
