Companies across the US are exploring various technologies to combat obesity and tap into the $10 billion obesity market. Medtronic, the company that invented the heart pacemaker, is working to develop a gastric(胃の) pacemaker that causes the stomach to contract(収縮する), tricking a patent's brain into thinking that he or she is full. Another company is working on a device that paralyzes the stomach, reducing contractions that churn(かき混ぜる) food as part of the digestion process.