註1:Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Servicesの略 註2:共同学習グループの実際と成果については以下に詳述されている。 O'Connor GT, et al. A regional intervention to improve the hospital mortality associated with coronary artery bypass graft surgery. JAMA.1996 ; 275(11) : 841-46. 註3:'A deficiency of will and ambition' : a conversation with Donald Berwick. Interview by Robert Galvin. Health Aff (Millwood). 2005 ; Suppl Web Exclusives:W5-1-W5-9.