StatusOrreturns a value on success and aStatuson error.
futureandpromisefutures (a holder that will receive a value asynchronously) and promises (the counterpart of a future, where values are stored asynchronously). They satisfy the API forstd::futureandstd::promise, and add support for callbacks and cancellation.
More information
Error Handlingfor more details about how the libraries report run-time errors and how you can handle them.
[[["Easy to understand","easyToUnderstand","thumb-up"],["Solved my problem","solvedMyProblem","thumb-up"],["Other","otherUp","thumb-up"]],[["Hard to understand","hardToUnderstand","thumb-down"],["Incorrect information or sample code","incorrectInformationOrSampleCode","thumb-down"],["Missing the information/samples I need","missingTheInformationSamplesINeed","thumb-down"],["Other","otherDown","thumb-down"]],["Last updated 2025-09-04 UTC."],[[["\u003cp\u003eThis page lists the different versions of the common components for the Google Cloud C++ Client Libraries, ranging from the latest release candidate, 2.37.0-rc, down to version 2.10.1.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eThe common components library includes \u003ccode\u003eCredentials\u003c/code\u003e for authentication, \u003ccode\u003eOptions\u003c/code\u003e for configuration, and error handling classes like \u003ccode\u003eStatus\u003c/code\u003e and \u003ccode\u003eStatusOr\u003c/code\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eAsynchronous operations are supported through \u003ccode\u003efuture\u003c/code\u003e and \u003ccode\u003epromise\u003c/code\u003e components, which enhance \u003ccode\u003estd::future\u003c/code\u003e and \u003ccode\u003estd::promise\u003c/code\u003e with features like callbacks and cancellation.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eCertain namespaces, specifically those containing \u003ccode\u003einternal\u003c/code\u003e or \u003ccode\u003etesting\u003c/code\u003e, are reserved for implementation details and should not be used directly, as these may change in future versions.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eAdditional information about error handling, library configuration, authentication, and logging can be found in the linked sections, providing in-depth guidance on these topics.\u003c/p\u003e\n"]]],[],null,["Version 2.20.0keyboard_arrow_down\n\n- [2.42.0-rc (latest)](/cpp/docs/reference/common/latest)\n- [2.41.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.41.0)\n- [2.40.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.40.0)\n- [2.39.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.39.0)\n- [2.38.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.38.0)\n- [2.37.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.37.0)\n- [2.36.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.36.0)\n- [2.35.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.35.0)\n- [2.34.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.34.0)\n- [2.33.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.33.0)\n- [2.32.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.32.0)\n- [2.31.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.31.0)\n- [2.30.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.30.0)\n- [2.29.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.29.0)\n- [2.28.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.28.0)\n- [2.27.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.27.0)\n- [2.26.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.26.0)\n- [2.25.1](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.25.1)\n- [2.24.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.24.0)\n- [2.23.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.23.0)\n- [2.22.1](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.22.1)\n- [2.21.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.21.0)\n- [2.20.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.20.0)\n- [2.19.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.19.0)\n- [2.18.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.18.0)\n- [2.17.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.17.0)\n- [2.16.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.16.0)\n- [2.15.1](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.15.1)\n- [2.14.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.14.0)\n- [2.13.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.13.0)\n- [2.12.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.12.0)\n- [2.11.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.11.0)\n- [2.10.1](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.10.1) \n\nCommon Components for the Google Cloud C++ Client Libraries\n===========================================================\n\nOverview\n--------\n\nThis library contains common components shared by all the Google Cloud C++ Client Libraries. Including:\n\n- [Credentials](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.20.0/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1Credentials) are used to configure authentication in the client libraries. See [Authentication Components](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.20.0/group__guac) for more details on authentication.\n- [Options](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.20.0/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1Options) are used to override the client library default configuration. See [Client Library Configuration](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.20.0/group__options) for more details on library configuration.\n- [Status](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.20.0/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1Status) error codes and details from an operation.\n- [StatusOr](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.20.0/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1StatusOr) returns a value on success and a `Status` on error.\n- [future](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.20.0/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1future) and [promise](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.20.0/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1promise) futures (a holder that will receive a value asynchronously) and promises (the counterpart of a future, where values are stored asynchronously). They satisfy the API for `std::future` and `std::promise`, and add support for callbacks and cancellation.\n\n| **Warning:** Some namespaces are reserved for implementation details and are subject to change without notice. Do not use any symbols in these namespaces as your application may break when trying to use future versions of the library. These namespaces include: - Any namespace with `internal` in its name, including `google::cloud::internal` and `google::cloud::rest_internal`. - Any namespace with `testing` in its name, including `google::cloud::testing_util`.\n\n### More information\n\n- [Error Handling](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.20.0/common-error-handling) for more details about how the libraries report run-time errors and how you can handle them.\n- [Client Library Configuration](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.20.0/group__options) for information about configuring the client libraries at runtime.\n- [Authentication Components](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.20.0/group__guac) for more details about how to configure authentication in the client libraries.\n- [Logging Components](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.20.0/logging) for information about enabling logging to the console in the client libraries."]]
