StatusOrreturns a value on success and aStatuson error.
futureandpromisefutures (a holder that will receive a value asynchronously) and promises (the counterpart of a future, where values are stored asynchronously). They satisfy the API forstd::futureandstd::promise, and add support for callbacks and cancellation.
More information
Error Handlingfor more details about how the libraries report run-time errors and how you can handle them.
[[["Easy to understand","easyToUnderstand","thumb-up"],["Solved my problem","solvedMyProblem","thumb-up"],["Other","otherUp","thumb-up"]],[["Hard to understand","hardToUnderstand","thumb-down"],["Incorrect information or sample code","incorrectInformationOrSampleCode","thumb-down"],["Missing the information/samples I need","missingTheInformationSamplesINeed","thumb-down"],["Other","otherDown","thumb-down"]],["Last updated 2025-09-04 UTC."],[[["\u003cp\u003eThis document details common components shared across Google Cloud C++ Client Libraries, including credentials for authentication, options for overriding default configurations, and status handling for operations.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eThe latest release candidate version is 2.37.0-rc, while the current version documented is 2.22.1, with a range of versions from 2.10.1 up to 2.36.0 also available.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eThe library uses \u003ccode\u003eStatus\u003c/code\u003e and \u003ccode\u003eStatusOr\u003c/code\u003e to report errors and successes, respectively, and includes \u003ccode\u003efuture\u003c/code\u003e and \u003ccode\u003epromise\u003c/code\u003e for asynchronous operations with callback and cancellation support.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eCertain namespaces, such as those containing "internal" or "testing", are reserved for implementation details and should not be used in applications, as they are subject to change without notice.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eAdditional information on error handling, client library configuration, authentication components, and logging components can be found through the provided links within the document.\u003c/p\u003e\n"]]],[],null,["Version 2.22.1keyboard_arrow_down\n\n- [2.42.0-rc (latest)](/cpp/docs/reference/common/latest)\n- [2.41.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.41.0)\n- [2.40.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.40.0)\n- [2.39.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.39.0)\n- [2.38.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.38.0)\n- [2.37.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.37.0)\n- [2.36.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.36.0)\n- [2.35.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.35.0)\n- [2.34.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.34.0)\n- [2.33.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.33.0)\n- [2.32.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.32.0)\n- [2.31.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.31.0)\n- [2.30.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.30.0)\n- [2.29.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.29.0)\n- [2.28.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.28.0)\n- [2.27.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.27.0)\n- [2.26.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.26.0)\n- [2.25.1](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.25.1)\n- [2.24.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.24.0)\n- [2.23.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.23.0)\n- [2.22.1](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.22.1)\n- [2.21.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.21.0)\n- [2.20.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.20.0)\n- [2.19.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.19.0)\n- [2.18.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.18.0)\n- [2.17.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.17.0)\n- [2.16.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.16.0)\n- [2.15.1](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.15.1)\n- [2.14.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.14.0)\n- [2.13.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.13.0)\n- [2.12.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.12.0)\n- [2.11.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.11.0)\n- [2.10.1](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.10.1) \n\nCommon Components for the Google Cloud C++ Client Libraries\n===========================================================\n\nOverview\n--------\n\nThis library contains common components shared by all the Google Cloud C++ Client Libraries. Including:\n\n- [Credentials](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.22.1/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1Credentials) are used to configure authentication in the client libraries. See [Authentication Components](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.22.1/group__guac) for more details on authentication.\n- [Options](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.22.1/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1Options) are used to override the client library default configuration. See [Client Library Configuration](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.22.1/group__options) for more details on library configuration.\n- [Status](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.22.1/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1Status) error codes and details from an operation.\n- [StatusOr](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.22.1/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1StatusOr) returns a value on success and a `Status` on error.\n- [future](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.22.1/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1future) and [promise](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.22.1/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1promise) futures (a holder that will receive a value asynchronously) and promises (the counterpart of a future, where values are stored asynchronously). They satisfy the API for `std::future` and `std::promise`, and add support for callbacks and cancellation.\n\n| **Warning:** Some namespaces are reserved for implementation details and are subject to change without notice. Do not use any symbols in these namespaces as your application may break when trying to use future versions of the library. These namespaces include: - Any namespace with `internal` in its name, including `google::cloud::internal` and `google::cloud::rest_internal`. - Any namespace with `testing` in its name, including `google::cloud::testing_util`.\n\n### More information\n\n- [Error Handling](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.22.1/common-error-handling) for more details about how the libraries report run-time errors and how you can handle them.\n- [Client Library Configuration](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.22.1/group__options) for information about configuring the client libraries at runtime.\n- [Authentication Components](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.22.1/group__guac) for more details about how to configure authentication in the client libraries.\n- [Logging Components](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.22.1/logging) for information about enabling logging to the console in the client libraries."]]
