StatusOrreturns a value on success and aStatuson error.
futureandpromisefutures (a holder that will receive a value asynchronously) and promises (the counterpart of a future, where values are stored asynchronously). They satisfy the API forstd::futureandstd::promise, and add support for callbacks and cancellation.
More information
Error Handlingfor more details about how the libraries report run-time errors and how you can handle them.
[[["Easy to understand","easyToUnderstand","thumb-up"],["Solved my problem","solvedMyProblem","thumb-up"],["Other","otherUp","thumb-up"]],[["Hard to understand","hardToUnderstand","thumb-down"],["Incorrect information or sample code","incorrectInformationOrSampleCode","thumb-down"],["Missing the information/samples I need","missingTheInformationSamplesINeed","thumb-down"],["Other","otherDown","thumb-down"]],["Last updated 2025-09-04 UTC."],[[["\u003cp\u003eThis document details common components shared across Google Cloud C++ Client Libraries, including credentials for authentication, options for client configuration, and status and statusOr for error management.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eThe libraries provide \u003ccode\u003efuture\u003c/code\u003e and \u003ccode\u003epromise\u003c/code\u003e classes for asynchronous operations, which are compatible with \u003ccode\u003estd::future\u003c/code\u003e and \u003ccode\u003estd::promise\u003c/code\u003e while also offering support for callbacks and cancellation.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eVersion 2.37.0-rc is the latest release candidate, with version 2.31.0 being the current focus of the detailed documentation, and various previous versions are also available for reference.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eCertain namespaces, particularly those with \u003ccode\u003einternal\u003c/code\u003e or \u003ccode\u003etesting\u003c/code\u003e in their names, are reserved for implementation details and should not be used directly in applications to avoid potential breakage with future library updates.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eThe documentation covers how to handle errors, configure the libraries, and add authentication and logging.\u003c/p\u003e\n"]]],[],null,["Version 2.31.0keyboard_arrow_down\n\n- [2.42.0-rc (latest)](/cpp/docs/reference/common/latest)\n- [2.41.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.41.0)\n- [2.40.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.40.0)\n- [2.39.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.39.0)\n- [2.38.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.38.0)\n- [2.37.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.37.0)\n- [2.36.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.36.0)\n- [2.35.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.35.0)\n- [2.34.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.34.0)\n- [2.33.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.33.0)\n- [2.32.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.32.0)\n- [2.31.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.31.0)\n- [2.30.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.30.0)\n- [2.29.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.29.0)\n- [2.28.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.28.0)\n- [2.27.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.27.0)\n- [2.26.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.26.0)\n- [2.25.1](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.25.1)\n- [2.24.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.24.0)\n- [2.23.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.23.0)\n- [2.22.1](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.22.1)\n- [2.21.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.21.0)\n- [2.20.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.20.0)\n- [2.19.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.19.0)\n- [2.18.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.18.0)\n- [2.17.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.17.0)\n- [2.16.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.16.0)\n- [2.15.1](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.15.1)\n- [2.14.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.14.0)\n- [2.13.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.13.0)\n- [2.12.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.12.0)\n- [2.11.0](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.11.0)\n- [2.10.1](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.10.1) \n\nCommon Components for the Google Cloud C++ Client Libraries\n===========================================================\n\nOverview\n--------\n\nThis library contains common components shared by all the Google Cloud C++ Client Libraries. Including:\n\n- [Credentials](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.31.0/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1Credentials) are used to configure authentication in the client libraries. See [Authentication Components](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.31.0/group__guac) for more details on authentication.\n- [Options](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.31.0/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1Options) are used to override the client library default configuration. See [Client Library Configuration](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.31.0/group__options) for more details on library configuration.\n- [Status](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.31.0/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1Status) error codes and details from an operation.\n- [StatusOr](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.31.0/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1StatusOr) returns a value on success and a `Status` on error.\n- [future](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.31.0/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1future) and [promise](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.31.0/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1promise) futures (a holder that will receive a value asynchronously) and promises (the counterpart of a future, where values are stored asynchronously). They satisfy the API for `std::future` and `std::promise`, and add support for callbacks and cancellation.\n\n| **Warning:** Some namespaces are reserved for implementation details and are subject to change without notice. Do not use any symbols in these namespaces as your application may break when trying to use future versions of the library. These namespaces include: - Any namespace with `internal` in its name, including `google::cloud::internal` and `google::cloud::rest_internal`. - Any namespace with `testing` in its name, including `google::cloud::testing_util`.\n\n### More information\n\n- [Error Handling](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.31.0/common-error-handling) for more details about how the libraries report run-time errors and how you can handle them.\n- [Client Library Configuration](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.31.0/group__options) for information about configuring the client libraries at runtime.\n- [Authentication Components](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.31.0/group__guac) for more details about how to configure authentication in the client libraries.\n- [Logging Components](/cpp/docs/reference/common/2.31.0/logging) for information about enabling logging to the console in the client libraries."]]
