****************************** After paying my respects at the temple, I decided to take advantage of the opportunity to do some sightseeing. I climbed up to the main keep of Hikone Castle and toured the garden.
Afterward, I visited the Hikone Castle Museum. While various treasures related to the Ii family were on display, I looked around hoping to find something connected to my ancestors or their daily lives in the castle town. Unfortunately, I found nothing relevant. Just as I was about to leave, I stopped by the museum gift shop and noticed a book that caught my eye.
This is a list arranged by rice stipend (kokudaka), detailing the records, duties, and rewards or punishments of samurai serving the Hikone domain. Hoping my family might be listed, I browsed the indexes of all nine published volumes on the spot, but among those with the surname Watanabe, only two branches appeared: the "Yagōemon family" and the "Kurōzaemon family."
I later learned that this Kurōzaemon was historically notable for having identified Kondō Isami of the Shinsengumi, who had turned himself in under the alias Okubo Yamato. In the end, I couldn’t find any new information at the museum. A few days after returning to Tokyo, I searched the Hikone Castle Museum website again for the “Samurai Lineage Register” and noticed it stated, “Volumes 1 to 9 published; further volumes forthcoming.” The register consists of 80 volumes of old documents, and so far the first 32 have been translated into modern Japanese. Therefore, if the translations of volumes after 32 are published, information about my ancestors might appear there. With this hope, I called the museum.
“Hello, may I ask when the next volumes of the Samurai Lineage Register will be published?” “Please hold for a moment.” (A few minutes later...) “Thank you for waiting. There are currently no plans to publish more volumes.” “I see… thank you.”
Still, hoping for some help, I explained that my ancestors were apparently low-ranking samurai of the Hikone domain, that the tombstone had no records from before the 1700s, and that I was hoping to research their origins. A curator came on the phone and kindly said they would try to look into it.
They said, “We might be able to get back to you by the end of today.” To my surprise, the call came back about 10 minutes later — very fast!
They told me, “The ‘Watanabe Jūemon family’ appears in volume 48 of the Samurai Lineage Register.” “It seems they were originally under the Kyoto Machibugyō (town magistrate).” “Wait, Kyoto Machibugyō?” “Yes. It says they resigned from that post in the 7th year of Kyōhō (1722), were masterless samurai (ronin) for four years, and were recruited by the Hikone domain in the 11th year of Kyōhō (1726).” “Why did they resign?” “That is not written.” “What kind of work did they do?” “The first Jūemon appears to have been responsible for the care and household affairs of the lord’s wife and children. Later generations also served the lord’s family and some worked as teachers at the domain school.” “And it seems the family name was changed when they joined the Hikone domain.” “Huh?” “They used the surname ‘Mori’ while serving the Kyoto Machibugyō.” “Is that common? Maybe they married into another family?” “That is not documented.”
Indeed, truth is often stranger than fiction. My ancestor Jūemon had been a retainer under the Kyoto Machibugyō, but for some unknown reason left or was dismissed. After four years as a ronin, he was recruited by the Hikone domain, where his family name changed from Mori to Watanabe — possibly because he was not the eldest son of the Mori family. I didn’t ask about their stipend, but given that the families listed in volume 32 had stipends between 110 and 150 koku, it’s likely my ancestors had only a few dozen koku. Incidentally, the protagonist of the movie “Tasogare Seibei” had a stipend of 50 koku, which might be similar to theirs.
What impressed me about the Hikone domain was how well they tracked even lower-ranking samurai like my ancestors. The curator kindly offered to show me the original documents next time I visit. Unfortunately, five years have passed without another opportunity to go. (This story continues.)
By the way, although I was told there were no plans to continue publishing the Samurai Lineage Register, when I checked the website recently, I found that since 2009 new volumes have been published, and now up to volume 11 are available. Perhaps this is due to the popularity of “Hikonyan,” the Hikone castle mascot.