「THE VIRGIN AND CHILDAbout 1300–20 Life-size sculptures of the Virgin and Child were common in the area around Parisin the early 14th century. Later, they were highly sought after by collectors. This example has been considerably restored, probably just before it came to the V&A in 1911. The restored areas include the head and the right arm of the Virgin, and the upper part of Christ’s body. These are now marked with white lines.
Description: The worship of Bhairava, an angry, vengeful manifestation of Shiva, is still important in Nepal. Snakes form his earrings and encircle his neck, while skulls adorn his crown. His hair is of stylised flames. This large image was used in public worship. Alcohol would be poured through the mouth from the rear; in drinking it, devotees would receive blessings from the god.
Materials: Repoussé copper with gilding and paint; reverse-painted rock crystal (red), carnelian and coloured glass (imitation of emeralds, turquoises and lapis lazuli[?])
Dimensions: H. 68.6 cm; W. 63.5 cm
Credit line / Acquisition: Purchased; Museum no. IM.172-1913.」
Virupa was one of the mahasiddhas or great accomplished beings, revered inTibetan Buddhism as a tantric master. This figure was produced at the imperialworkshops of the Emperor Yongle. The emperor Yongle’s Buddhist art often reflected Tibetan influence. This sculpture may have been a gift to a Tibetan Buddhist temple.
China
Gilt and cast brass
Lent by The Rt. Hon. Sir Robert H. S. M. Barlow Family Association Collection
Buddhism and its arts spread across Asia as the faith emerged.
This map shows where the objects in these galleries were made.」
【アジアの仏教美術
仏教とその美術は、信仰の拡大とともにアジア各地に広がりました。
この地図は、これらのギャラリーに展示されている作品が作られた地域を示しています。】
「THE ROBERT H. N. HO FAMILY FOUNDATION GALLERIES OF BUDDHIST ART
何鴻毅家族基金佛教藝術館
This is one of a series of galleries exploring Buddhism and its expression through art. The story continues nearby in Rooms 38 and 40, with The Bodhisattva Path and The Life of the Buddha, and in Room 47, located near the Cromwell Road Entrance, with The Buddha Image in Asia.
The Tantric Path: Rapid Enlightenment
Between 600 and 1000 AD, a new form of teaching evolved in India, known as Vajrayana Buddhism or the Tantric (Diamond) Path. It drew on existing practices in yoga, like breath control and reciting mantras, to create a rapid path toenlightenment. All Buddhists consider enlightenment to be the highest spiritual state, a being free of rebirth. However, followers of the Tantric Path believe it’s possible toachieve enlightenment even within one lifetime, rather than over many, as in most traditional Mahayana Buddhist thought.
During the first millennium, tantra spread from India throughout much of Asia. Tantric teachings were originally communicated in secret. They encouraged the use of powerful methods in Buddhism, like using ritualised sexual encounters to experience higher states of consciousness. Over time these teachings were reinterpreted for celibate monks.
A key aspect of tantra involves imagining deities while meditating to identify with their enlightened qualities. The images in this room represent and contain the energy of such deities.
These galleries were made possible by The Robert H. N. Ho Family Foundation with further support from the DCMS/Wolfson Museums and Galleries Improvement Fund.」
Padmapani means ‘Lotus-holder’. This figure once clasped the stem of a flowering lotus or padma, a symbol of spiritual purity. Padmapani is an important manifestation of Avalokiteshvara, the most widely worshipped of all bodhisattvas. Nepalese sculptors made the figure for Tibetan patrons.
Nepal
Gilded copper with precious and semi-precious stones
Purchased in 1909 from Major L. W. F. Hall, Indian Political Service, Central and Kashmir,who found it in Lhasa, Tibet. It had been commissioned by Tibetan patrons and madeby Newar sculptors in Nepal.
The name Maitreya is derived from the Sanskrit maitri meaning ‘loving kindness’. Maitreya is the bodhisattva who, it is believed, will become the next Buddha on earth. Until that time, he resides in the heaven known as Tushita. He is shown dressed in princely attire, but also with signs of potential Buddhahood, including his raised hair-knot (ushnisha) and forehead mark (urna).
V&A美術館の「菩薩の道(The Bodhisattva Path)」解説パネル。 「THE ROBERT H. N. HO FAMILY FOUNDATION GALLERIES OF BUDDHIST ART
何鴻毅家族基金佛教藝術館
This is one of a series of galleries exploring Buddhism and its expression through art. The story continues nearby in Rooms 17 and 40, with The Tantric Path and The Life of the Buddha, and in Room 47, located near the Cromwell Road Entrance, with The Buddha Image in Asia.
The Bodhisattva Path: The Great Way
The word ‘bodhisattva’ was originally used to describe the Buddha before he reached enlightenment. As new teachings evolved from the 1st century BC onwards, the termtook on a deeper and wider meaning. It began to be used for those who aim to reach enlightenment, the highest spiritual state, for the sake of others. Bodhisattvas do this to help people escape from suffering and achieve enlightenment for themselves.
A selfless way such as this contrasts with earlier teachings where enlightenment was seen as more of a personal pursuit. The Bodhisattva Path is known in Sanskrit as Mahayana, or the ‘Great Way’, offering a new approach to life and Buddhahood. Over the first millennium it inspired a wave of art and architecture throughout Asia, with the concept of the bodhisattva at their core.
In Buddhist art, bodhisattvas are usually shown wearing princely jewellery and robesof Indian royalty. Their graceful beauty is intended to mirror an inner grace and compassion.
These galleries were made possible by The Robert H. N. Ho Family Foundation withfurther support from the DCMS/Wolfson Museums and Galleries Improvement Fund.」
Chinese motifs were fashionable in Britain during the 1750s, when the Rococo stylewas at its peak. Craftsmen frequently combined Rococo scrollwork with fanciful
Chinoiserie was a form of decoration fashionable between 1745 and 1760.
Designers were inspired by the exotic imports and fantasies of the ‘East’,
porcelain and lacquer that had been imported to Europe from East Asia since
the early 16th century.
These imports, many of which were produced specifically for Europeans,
stimulated Rococo designers to imitate and adapt oriental motifs and ornaments
for a wide variety of objects. They did not distinguish between what was Chinese,
Japanese or Indian, but combined motifs such as figures in Japanese dress, stylised
pavilions, birds and flowers to create an exotic fantasy world.
Chinoiserie appealed particularly to women. It added a new dimension to British interiors, with a lighter and more colourful approach to decoration and design.」
ギャラリーに再現展示されている有名な 「ノーフォーク・ハウスの音楽室 (The Norfolk House Music Room)」。
デザインの特徴
・ロココ様式(Rococo Style) の典型例。
・白地に金箔のスタッコ装飾。
・壁と天井全面に施された優雅な曲線と花綱文様。
・大きな鏡(pier glasses)が光を反射し、部屋をより広く、豪華に演出。
・グリーンのドレープカーテン
・金と白の華やかな装飾に深緑の布を合わせ、上品でコントラストの効いた色彩感覚を示す。
「ノーフォーク・ハウス音楽室 (Norfolk House Music Room)」のカーテン について説明 「The Curtains
These reproduction curtains have been made in greendamask, as listed in the 1750 sinventory. The silk waswoven on hand-looms in a large stylised floral design that wasused widely in the 1750s. They have been madeas 18th-century curtains would have been with only a very slight fullness across the width. The silk fringesand tassels have been based on 18th-century examples,and the curtains are lined in a lightweight woolcalledtammy, that was often mentioned as a curtain lining in 18th-century inventories.The pulley bands from which the curtains hang are also made to an authentic patternwith pulley wheels of turned hardwood over which the silk cords run to allow thecurtains to be drawn up. The brass cloak pins on which the curtain ends are wound arebased on detail from a painting dated 1761, by Francis Cotes of his fellow artist, Paul Sandby, from the collections of Tate Britain.
The reinstallation and restoration of the Norfolk House Music Room were generously supported by The Friends of the V&A.」
「ティーサービス(茶器セット)」についての解説パネル 「This showy tea service was produced by the Chelsea porcelain factory in London between 1750 and 1759.
Additional pieces were made to allow the same service to be used for the serving of coffee. Tea tables were often highly decorative, and this one shows bas-relief
decoration that was the speciality of a German-born cabinet-maker, Frederick Hintz.」
Tea was first imported from China in the mid-17th century. Tea drinking became
increasingly popular, though doctors and moralists cautioned against the habit.High taxes ensured that tea remained expensive until the end of the 18th century.
In polite households tea was served in the drawing room after dinner; which in
the 18th century was eaten in the early afternoon. The mistress of the house
presided over the tea table, making and serving the tea herself.
Tea drinking demanded new furniture and equipment. At first, tea was served in the
Chinese manner (without milk), in wares imported from China. The Chinese shapes and decoration were soon copied by British manufacturers, who also began developing
How people live, work, travel, consume and communicate have changed inextraordinary ways since 1900. Designed objects help us understand these changes.
Through six major themes, each taking a period of time as a starting point, thisgallery explores how design has responded to the big issues people face. It looksat design as a tool for understanding the way we live together,
Design 1900–Now aims to tell a story of design and society that is broad, international and inclusive. This is an ongoing task as museum collections are shaped by thepriorities of those who create them. In the 20th century, collecting at the V&A mostlyfocused on the work of designers in highly industrialised countries. Today, we areworking to reflect our globalised world in how and what we collect. We look forwardto adding new acquisitions to the displays and welcome your views and ideas.
Rapid Response Collecting enables the museum to collect objects in direct responseto important moments in the recent history of design. All are immediately put on display.
Design is a mirror to society and these objects are evidence of social, political, technological and economic change happening now. Rapid Response Collecting shows that objects hold significance beyond their sometimes modest material value.
You can see Rapid Response Collecting throughout Design 1900–Now. Check the plan for locations. Objects on display will change as we collect new things and the dates featured alongside them mark when they entered the V&A.
On 3 May 2022 news leaked that the US Supreme Court intended to overturnthe 1973 landmark ruling, Roe v. Wade, which legalised abortion across the United States. On 24 June 2022 the decision came into effect, leaving individual statesto restrict access to abortion. Many have already initiated new restrictions or have banned it altogether.
In response, privacy experts raised concerns that period tracking and sexual health apps, which store data remotely, could be used to monitor and apprehend those seeking an abortion.
Euki rose to prominence because it is designed to put privacy first. Created in 2019by Women Helping Women and Reproductive Health, the app anonymises all data, and ensures nothing is stored remotely. Other protective measures include an auto-delete feature should a device fall into the wrong hands, and users can set PIN codes to access the app.
Euki, version 2
2019
Created by Women Help Women: Helping Women and Reproductive Health
Designed by the NGO Women Help Women
Museum no. CD.27:1 to 3-2023」
【07.03.2023
性と生殖の健康アプリ
2022年5月3日、アメリカ合衆国最高裁判所が1973年の画期的判決「ロー対ウェイド事件 (Roe v. Wade)」を覆す意向であるというニュースが流れました。この判決は全米で 人工妊娠中絶を合法化したものでした。2022年6月24日、その決定が正式に発効し、 中絶の可否は各州に委ねられました。すでに多くの州が新しい規制を導入したり、 全面的に禁止したりしています。