American Water Works is the largest investor-owned US water and wastewater utility, serving nearly 4 million customers in 14 states. It provides water and wastewater services to residential, commercial, and industrial customers and operates predominantly in regulated markets. The company's nonregulated business is water services for military bases, which operates under long-term contracts with regulated-like returns. The proposed Essential Utilities acquisition would add regulated water and wastewater utilities in Ohio, North Carolina, and Texas while increasing its presence in Illinois, Indiana, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and Virginia.

Biogen is an established biopharmaceutical company focused on treatments for neurodegenerative and rare diseases. Its declining multiple sclerosis franchise is its largest revenue generator and contributed 40% of total revenue in 2025. Biogen also generates significant revenue from its CD20 collaboration agreements with Roche (19% of total in 2025), which includes oncology drugs Rituxan and Gazyva and multiple sclerosis drug Ocrevus. Biogen's newer franchises include Spinraza (spinal muscular atrophy, with partner Ionis), Leqembi (Alzheimer's disease, collabroation revenue from its partner Eisai), Skyclarys (Friedreich's ataxia, Reata), Zurzuvae (postpartum depression, Sage), and Qalsody (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Ionis).

Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Ltd., headquartered in Hsinchu, Taiwan, was founded in 1987 and pioneered the pure-play foundry or 'merchant fab' model. The company serves both integrated semiconductor producers who outsource a portion of their production as well as 'fabless' semiconductor producers who outsource all manufacturing. Taiwan Semi serves over 500 semiconductor customers, producing more than 11,500 distinct products while providing a broad range of advanced, specialty, and advanced packaging technologies.

ASML is the leader in lithography systems for manufacturing semiconductors with 90% market share. Lithography is the process in which a light source is used to expose circuit patterns from a photo mask onto a semiconductor wafer. Lithography allows chipmakers to increase the number of transistors on the same area of silicon, with lithography historically representing a high portion of the cost of making cutting-edge chips. ASML outsources the manufacturing of most of its parts, acting like an assembler. ASML’s largest clients are TSMC, Samsung, Intel, SK Hynix, and Micron.